فهرست مطالب مجتبی بامدی

Despite the importance of handicrafts in the rural economy, these industries have lost their initial position in many parts of the country, including the village of Oramanat Takht. One of the solutions to this problem is to improve the handicraft market. Given that tourists are the main buyers of handicrafts in touristic rural areas, investigating their buying behavior can help improve the handicraft market. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the role of factors related to helping behavior on tourists' buying behavior towards rural handicrafts. The statistical population of the study was tourists who had traveled to Oramanat Takht village in Sarvabad county located in Kurdistan province in June of 2020 (N= 300). Using a table of Karajsi and Morgan and Convenience Sampling method 173 tourists were selected as sample. The data-gathering tool was a questionnaire, which its validity was evaluated in three ways: Form, construct (By university professors) and discriminant; and its reliability were investigated through the composite reliability and Cronbach's alpha Using SmartPLS software. The results of data analysis showed that the factors related to helping behavior (Empathic concern, Perceived similarity, Local patriotism, and Social concern) have positive and significant impact of on tourists' attitude towards rural handicrafts. In addition, attitude towards handicrafts had a positive and significant effect on the intention and buying behavior of tourist towards rural handicrafts. Therefore, it is suggested that the necessary platform be provided to stimulate the helping behavior of tourists in order to support rural handicrafts through various media.

Given the importance of performance as the main indicator of the success of businesses, it has always been of interest to researchers. In addition, social capital and entrepreneurial orientation are two important factors in predicting the performance of businesses. However, little is known about the mechanisms that benefit businesses from the interplay among these factors. Therefore, this study aimed at investigating the mediating effect of entrepreneurial orientation in the relationship between social capital and business performance. The statistical population of the study included the owners of local poultry business units in the rural areas of Sistan and Baluchestan province in Iran with 360 active units in 2018, out of which 189 units were selected by simple random sampling as the statistical sample using Krejcie and Morgan table. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed as discriminant validity and convergent validity. Composite reliability measures showed satisfied reliability. The collected data was analyzed by structural equation modeling with partial least squares method (PLS-SEM). The study findings showed that the external network ties and social interaction had a positive and significant relationship with relationship quality; and also indicated that the proactiveness mediated the impact of relationship quality on the performance, innovativeness mediated the impact of relationship quality on financial performance, and risk-taking mediated the impact of relationship quality on non-financial performance of local poultry businesses.

Nowadays, the most important feature of entrepreneurship behavior is known as the form of intellectual architecture named effectuation. In this regard, current empirical research attempts to use a machine algorithm to classify the levels of effectuation thinking among rural small business owners in the field of local poultry breeding in Sistan and Baluchestan province. To this end, 191 units out of 360 were sampled and studied. The main objective of this research was to find a combination of different demographic and behavioral variables/components of entrepreneurial ecosystems affecting the classification level of effectuation among rural business owners. The research tool for measuring the research variables was a standard questionnaire that its validity and reliability were tested and confirmed. The main method of data analysis was Naive Bayes algorithm of the machine learning which was implemented using R software. The results of the classification of effectuation as the main indicator of entrepreneurial thinking showed that the variables, including prior experience, focusing on poultry breeding as the main job, capacity of the production unit, access to cooperation and market network, entrepreneurial self-efficacy, motivation, innovation in the market, human capital, and financial capital at their high levels resulted in high level of effectuation thinking. Therefore, it can be concluded that a combination of behavioral and demographic variables as well as ecosystem components can capture the entrepreneurial behavior . Based on research findings, some suggestions were proposed to develop the supportive climate of rural nascent entrepreneurs.