فهرست مطالب m. narimani

Addiction is a chronic relapsing mental disorder defined by physical and psychological dependence on substances. The present study was conducted with the aim of modeling the structural relationships between dysfunctional personality beliefs and the dependence intensity in substance dependent people with the mediation of difficulty in emotion regulation.

The intended research was applied in terms of purpose and among correlational research. The statistical population included all drug addicts who referred to addiction treatment camps in Ardabil in 2021. Two hundred addicted people completed the questionnaires of dependency intensity, emotion dysregulation, and dysfunctional personality beliefs using available sampling method. Pearson correlation coefficient and structural equation modeling were used to analyze the data.

The results of the correlation coefficients showed that the severity of substance dependence has a positive and significant relationship with ineffective personality beliefs (r=0.44, p=0.001) and difficulty in regulating emotions (r=0.49, p=0.001). Also, difficulty in regulating emotions has a positive and significant relationship with dysfunctional personality beliefs (r=0.25, p=0.001). The model had a good fit based on the goodness of fit indices. Dysfunctional personality beliefs had an effect on dependency severity both directly and indirectly through the mediation of difficulty in emotion regulation.

From a practical point of view, it is necessary to provide regular training programs for substance dependent people using the principles of cognitive-behavioral therapy to determine the patients’ dysfunctional beliefs about addiction, and ultimately helping the patients to create more effective beliefs and behaviors, and cadaptive emotion regulation strategies.

Locational Marginal Pricing (LMP) is arguably the most effective and commonly employed mechanism to provide the most reliable economic signal to market participants. Meanwhile, nodal prices depend on active power losses and transmission congestion which may be affected by harmonics pollution. In the conventional method, power system and loads are assumed linear and nodal prices are obtained by results of optimal power flow (OPF) at the power frequency. Harmonics lead to skin effect and increasing loss. Further, harmonic flowing in branches in a power network occupies transmission capacity. For providing more accurate signals to market participants and achieving more accurate nodal prices, harmonic effects on LMP are investigated and a framework is developed for LMP calculation in a harmonic polluted power system. In this framework, skin effect, losses, and congestion which can be arisen by harmonic pollution are modelled in optimal power flow (OPF) and are considered in LMP calculation. The proposed concept is implemented with 9-bus and 30-bus test systems while nodal price changes are also indicated.

The purpose of the management of air distribution systems is to solve the problems in the cooling of data centers through minimizing the hot air recirculation and cold air bypass. In this paper, experimental and numerical analyses are conducted for the AUT data center. The data center performance indices have been compared between experimental and numerical solutions. According to temperature contours at a height of 1 m from the raised floor, recirculation of hot air to the cold aisle enclosure has occurred. For enhancement, the thermal management of the data center, cold aisle enclosure with decreasing supply airflow temperature to 18 , and hot aisle enclosure with return hot air from plenum ceiling to CRAC units were investigated. With the decrease in the total airflow supplied by CRAC units in the cold aisle enclosure and hot aisle enclosure models, the problem of Super-micro servers that experience about 50% more airflow than defined airflow for them in the base model, has been solved. The load on the cooling systems decreased from 13.2 kW up to 7.8 kW in hot aisle containment, the result is a hot aisle is a more suitable and appropriate configuration for the data center

Relapse of substance use with negative physical and psychosocial consequences has become a public health concern worldwide. The present study aimed to model the relapse of substance use based on risky decision making, attentional bias, and reward sensitivity with the mediating role of craving.

In this descriptive study, the statistical population included all men with substance use disorder (methamphetamine use) who were quitting in 2019 and had referred to addiction treatment camps in Ardabil. A sample of 172 of these individuals was selected by convenience sampling method and answered the questionnaires of relapse prediction, reward sensitivity, short scale craving, balloon analogue risk task (BART), and Dot-Probe test. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling.

The results showed that the path coefficients of the risky decision making to craving (β=0.21, p=0.002) and relapse (β=0.30, p=0.001), attentional bias to craving (β=0.29, p=0.004), reward sensitivity to craving (β=0.15, p=0.041), and relapse (β=0.21, p=0.006) are significant in the model under review. But the path coefficients of attentional bias to relapse was not significant (β=0.14, p=113). Craving also mediated the relationship between risky decision-making, attentional bias, and reward sensitivity.

According to the results, risky decision making, attentional bias, reward sensitivity, and mediating role of craving can be used to predict the relapse of substance use. Therefore, it is suggested that addiction specialists use the results of the present study in their treatment programs and counseling.

The aim of this study was to investigate the role of cognitive bias components in the behavior of investors (teachers) in the Tehran Stock Exchange. The research method is descriptive-correlation. The statistical population of the study included all teachers investing in companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange, which was selected by available sampling method 384 people. Measurement tools also included researcher-made questionnaires that after design and validation, its validity and reliability were evaluated by professors and statistical methods. Pearson correlation coefficient and simultaneous regression analysis were used to identify and compare the severity and effect of cognitive bias components. The results showed that except for severe bias, all components of self-confidence, conservatism, ambiguity, mental accounting, stress, behavioral disorder and eventfulness (retrospective) affected the behavior of investors and entered the regression model (p<0.01). Given the level of significance, these components play a significant role in predicting investor behavior. It should be noted that irrational decisions, influenced by cognitive biases, cause the inefficiency of financial markets by creating price bubbles and ultimately to the detriment of all investors.

The present study was conducted with the effectiveness of parenting style modification training to mothers on the signs of coping disobedience in children aged 8 to 11 years in Shiraz. The present study was a quasi-experimental study in which the pre-test-post-test design was performed with the control group by baseline assessment after intervention and 3-month follow-up with the control group. A total of 40 mothers of male primary school students in the school year of 1399-99 in Shiraz, about 6789 students were studying in 32 public boys' primary schools, were randomly selected to test (correct parenting style) and control were assigned. All participants completed the Demographic Questionnaire, the Symptoms of Disobedience Questionnaire on Achenbach's Behavioral Inventory in three stages. Hypotheses related to the effectiveness of research interventions were analyzed using mixed analysis of variance as well as Bonferroni post hoc post hoc tests. The results of the present study showed that the mean of the symptoms of disobedience disorder in the pre-test stage was not significantly different between the two groups, which indicates the homogeneity of the two groups in the pre-test stage, but the difference between the two groups in the post-test and follow-up stages was significant. Which can indicate the effectiveness of the intervention on the mentioned variables and the stability of effectiveness in the follow-up stage. The results of this study showed that the mentioned treatment can be used as a psychological intervention in reducing the symptoms of confrontational disobedience in children aged 8 to 11 years. Due to the effectiveness of parenting style, this treatment can be prioritized.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of depression in children with Specific Learning Disorders (SLD): the role of Child-Parent (C-P) and Child-Teacher (C-T) relationships. The research design was correlation. From the total number of children with SLD, 596 students were selected by census method in Brujerd, Nahavand, and Malayer cities. The LEVEL 2—Depression—Parent/Guardian of Child scale, C-P (parent version) and C-T (teacher version) Relationships Scales were used to collect the data. Person correlation coefficient and multivariate regression were used for analyzing the data. The results showed that the rates of severe, moderate, and mild depression in children with SLD were 15.10%, 25.17%, and 9.90%, respectively. There was a negative significant correlation between closeness C-P (mother and father) and C-T relationship with depression; There was a significant positive correlation between conflict and dependency C-P and C-T relationships with depression; all dimensions of C-P and C-T relationships except the closeness child-father relationship had a significant role in predicting depression in children with SLD. Based on the results, C-P and C-T interactions are used to reduce depressive symptoms in children with SLD. Based on the results, C-P and C-T interactions training are suggested to reduce the symptoms of depression in children with SLD.

The present study was conducted to investigate the role of resilience, emotion regulation and self-efficacy in predicting students' academic burnout. The research method was correlational. The population consisted of 10th grade high school students (n = 3649) in Ardabil city during the academic year of 2019-2020. The sample consisted of 246 students. For gathering data, Breso et al.’s burnout questionnaire, Gross and John’s emotion regulation questionnaire, Conner and Davidson’s resiliency questionnaire, military general self-efficacy beliefs questionnaire, Schwarters and Bourne’s questionnaire were administered. Pearson correlation and multivariate regression analysis were used to analyze the data. The results showed that resiliency, emotion regulation and self-efficacy can predict students' academic burnout. As a result, resilient, self-efficacious and well-adjusted students are less vulnerable to academic burnout. Therefore, reinforcing this variable in students who are exposed to academic burnout improves their academic performance.

Spirituality therapy means using the religious and cultural beliefs of individuals in the process of psychotherapy and considering the transcendent dimension of the clients that leads them to the transcendent source. The present study was conducted to compare the effect of spirituality therapy in improving the symptoms of internet addiction and quality of life among students.

This study was a quasi-experimental study (multi-group with pretest-posttest). The statistical population of the study included all students with internet addiction, studying in the faculties of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences in academic year of 1997-98. Samples were selected by available sampling (30 people) and assigned to experimental and control groups. Data were collected from groups using Internet Addiction and Quality of Life Scale in pre-test and post-test and analyzed by covariance statistical method in SPSS-21 software.

The results of one-way analysis of covariance (ANKOVA) showed that there was a significant difference between internet addiction and quality of life between pre-test and post-test (p<0.001). Mankova analysis (with control of pre-test scores) showed that the spirituality therapy program was significant on variable means of quality of life and internet addiction.

Based on the results, it seems that spiritualty therapy is significantly effective in reducing the symptoms of internet addiction and increasing the quality of life in students. Therefore, it is suggested that psychotherapists use this treatment throughout the country to increase resilience and consequently, to control the symptoms of internet addiction and improve the quality of life of clients.

The aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness of cognitive and metacognitive strategies on problem solving skills and self-esteem of 11th grade students in Meshginshahr. The research method was experimental with pre-test and post-test design with control group. The population of the study consisted of all second grade male students of secondary schools of Meshginshahr in the academic year of 2016-2017. Among them, 80 male students with low self-esteem and problem-solving skills in physics were selected and randomly assigned into three groups: a control group and two experimental groups (20 people in each group). The participants of the experimental group were trained in cognitive and metacognitive strategies. To collect the data, the problem solving questionnaire by Cassidy and Lang and the self-esteem of Coppersmiths were used. The data were analyzed by multivariate covariance. The results showed that the mean post-test scores of the students in the experimental groups were significantly higher than the students in the control group in problem solving skills and self-esteem. Therefore, it can be concluded that teaching cognitive and metacognitive strategies is effective in increasing students' problem solving skills and self-esteem.

The aim of this study is to compare the effectiveness of math education on self-esteem and self-efficacy of students with math learning disabilities, writing and normal students based on the McCarthy model. Because of the nature of this study, the mothed was quasi-experimental (pre-test-post-group test).   The statistical population of the study included all sixth grade students with learning disabilities (math and writing) and non-learning disabilities in Ardabil in the academic year 1397-98. Sampling of this study indluded simple random sampling for Students with special math and writing learning disabilities (20 people from each group) Refering to the centers for learning disabilities in Ardabil and randomized cluster sampling from normal students in Ardabil (40 people).  Data were collected using the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale and the Scherer General Self-Efficacy Scale in the pre-test and post-test stages in all four groups.  The obtained data were analyzed by SPSS-24 software and covariance statistical method.  The results of analysis of covariance showed that there was a difference between self-esteem and self-efficacy of experimental and control groups (P <0.05).  In other words, the results showed that their mean scores were significantly higher in the experimental group than the self-esteem and self-efficacy of the experimental group.  The results of this study can be used in educational settings to improve the status of its components (self-esteem and self-efficacy) of students with learning disabilities and normal.

The aims of this study was to determine the amount the prevalence of Traumatic bereavement and its related factors in high school students in Iranshahr. The research design was descriptive and cross-sectional. The statistical population of the present study included all the bereaved senior high school female students of Iranshahr City in the school year of  2018-2019 (N=500). 500 students were selected by multistage cluster sampling method and responded to the Hogan Grief Reaction Checklist (HGRC). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Chi-square, Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests using SPSS software. The findings showed that out of 500 students, 106 people (21.2%) scores above the cut-off score. The results of the Chi-square test showed that the prevalence of bereavement in higher education students is higher. In addition, the prevalence of bereavement is higher in those who lost their father. The results of Kolmogorov-Smirnov test showed that there is a significant difference between the duration of death of the two groups of bereavement and non- bereavement  (P<0/001). Given that Traumatic bereavement can lead to serious problems in different areas, A careful understanding of prevalence can help to the mental health professionals to help the bereaved people recover from the greif.

The aim of this study was to investigate the role of brain/behavioral systems and temperament and character in predicting psychopathy in students with conduct disorder. This study was correlational and the sample consisted of 600 high school students during the 2016-2017 academic year who were enrolled in high schools in Ardabil and were selected through cluster random sampling. Then, among these participants, 105 students who had a cut-off point on the conduct disorder scale of more than 70 were selected. Finally, the data of 97 participants who had completely answered the questionnaires were entered into SPSS, Ver. 21. To collect data, questionnaires of Conduct Disorder Questionnaire developed by Shahrivari et al., Psychopathy of Lynam et al., Brain/Behavioral Systems Inventory of White and Carver, and the Temperament and Character Inventory of Cloninger were used. The collected data were analyzed using Pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis. The results showed that the psychopathy has positive correlation with components of novelty seeking and BAS (p < .01) but it has negative correlation with components of harm avoidance, self-directiveness, cooperativeness and BIS (p < .01). The results of regression showed that novelty seeking, temperament, and BAS can predict the psychopathy in students with conduct disorder. It seems that in students with conduct disorder symptoms, the more active the activation system is, the more those cases are looking for innovation and risk.

The present survey goal was comparing group participation and rejection sensitivity in the students with or without learning disorder. The research method was a casual-comparative one. The statistical population of the study was overall primary students of Ardebil city in the 2015-2016 educational year that by the cluster sampling method, 30 individuals with the disorder and 30 ones without learning disorder were chosen as a statistical sample. Data collecting was performed through the group participation and rejection sensitivity trials. The research data were analyzed by a multivariate variance analysis trial. The survey findings indicated that there was a meaningful difference in rejection sensitivity between the two groups. Also, group participation among the common individuals was higher than the people with a learning disorder. According to these results, the content of special educational and psychological programs can be designed and implemented to improve the problems of students with learning disabilities.

The purpose of this study was determination the effectiveness of courses methods motivational interview and emotion regulation training on reduction of the bullying traditional and cyber and academic burnout user virtual social networking with considering of role countervailing of gender. This research is a probationary from kind multi collective pretest and posttest. The statistical population of the study was selected from all male and female students of secondary second user virtual social networking of Tehran city in the (2016-2017) per annum academic. 90 user students virtual social networking who was selected with means an accidental polymorphous of cluster sampling and at experimental and control groups into accidental. Geared of collect the data from the questionnaires of communication with virtual social networks of Alinaghi & Ataei, the bullying in school (BS) of Patchin & Hinduja and academic burnout the Bersou used. For data analysis the method of Multivariable analysis of covariance and oneway analysis of variance used. The results showed that motivational interview and emotional regulation training compared with the control group had an effect on bullying general and cyber and academic burnout (exhaustion, cynicism and inefficiency), but did not affect traditional bullying and emotional exhaustion (p< 0.05). In addition, the role of gender as a countervailing variable was confirmed only in relation to the effectiveness of emotional regulation training in reducing the variables of bullying (general), cyber bullying and academic cynicism. Those findings show that motivational interview and emotion regulation training have been effective in improving the level of awareness of teenagersUser, especially girls, about the disadvantages of bullying behaviors and academic burnout, and has been effective in motivating behavior change, as well as in identifying, controlling and managing problematic excitements.

The main purpose of the present study was to compare mental toughness and ambiguity tolerance in mothers of children with special and ordinary learning disabilities. This research was a causal-comparative study. The population of the present study included all mothers with special learning disabilities who referred to the center (LD) of Farsan learning discords in 2017 and used the counseling and psychological services of the center, among whom 30 participants were selected by availability sampling, as well as 30 mothers with normal children participated in this study as a comparison group. The two groups responded individually and with the presence of the researcher to the questionnaire of mental toughness and ambiguity tolerance. The data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). The results showed that the mean scores of mothers with children with specific learning disabilities in the mental toughness (its components) variables and ambiguity tolerance are different than the normal group (p < .001). So, it is essential to hold workshops for parents of children with specific learning disabilities and mental toughness to increase their tolerance.

This study surveys factors related to increasing and decreasing creativity of students in 59 studies, dissertations and theses in relationship with students’ creativity analyzed through meta-analysis. The results of the study indicated that the surveyed factors related to creativity of students include teaching methods, learning strategy, learning factor, school factor, teacher factor, family factor, cooperation in school activity, self–esteem, motivation, language accent, cognition beliefs, playing, self-concept, control source, self–efficacy and thinking styles. Thus, that variables have positive effects on increasing creativity. Such variables include student’s personality, intelligence, social class, orphanage, anxiety, school administration, sources, equipment and creation of art activity haven't significant relationship with students' creativity. Furthermore, the results of t-test and ANOVA indicate that effect size of student’s gender and study stage of students do not affect student’s creativity.

 One of the main issues facing cancer patients is stress and anxiety due to encountering the disease. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between meaning of life, self-compassion and sense of coherence with perceived stress in cancer patients.

 In this descriptive-correlational study, 120 cancer patients who were admitted and treated in blood and oncology department of Imam Khomeini hospital of Ardabil in 2019 were selected as target sample. Data collection tools consisted of perceived stress scale, meaning of life questionnaire, self-compassion scale and sense of coherence questionnaire-form of 13 items. Data analysis was performed using Pearson correlation coefficient and stepwise regression analysis in SPSS21 statistical software.

 There was a negative and significant relationship between the perceived stress of cancer patients with the sense of coherence (β=-0/540: p<0/001), self-compassion (β=-0/196: p<0/010) and meaning of life (β=-0/192: p<0/017). The meaning of life, self-compassion and sense of coherence predicted 74% of variance of perceived stress scores of cancer patients (p<0/01).

 High levels of meaning of life, self-compassion and sense of coherence can reduce the perceived stress of cancer patients. Improving and enhancing the meaning of life, self-compassion and sense of cohesion can make patients adapt to the disease and improve the treatment process in these patients.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of e-learning methods in educational engagement, educational self-efficacy and self-control of students. The research method was a pretest-posttest design with an experimental group and a control group. The population included all the 7th grade male students who were studying at public and private schools in the 2nd district of Rasht in the academic year of 1397-1398 amounting to 1,320 people. 40 students were selected as the sample through cluster sampling and were placed in two groups (control and experiment). At first, educational engagement, educational self-efficacy and self-control were used for both groups (pretest). Then, the experimental group received an e-learning program in the form of 8 sessions of 90 minutes in one week, while the control group was provided with the traditional teaching method. After this stage, both groups were evaluated by a questionnaire (posttest). The results showed that the implementation of the e-teaching method has a significant effect on academic engagement ( p < 0.01), the implementation of the teaching method on self-efficacy has a significant effect ( p < 0.01), and the implementation of e-learning method on self-control has a significant effect ( p < .01). The results of the study showed that in the teaching method, learners are more motivated and more willing to participate in the learning process for ease of access to information and educational content, which leads to self-efficacy and self-control.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of education on the reduction of mindfulness-based stress on cognitive-emotional ordering strategies and pathologic worries of students with a sense of excitement.

The present study is a semi-experimental design with pre-test-post-test design with control group. A simple random sampling method was used to select all new female students in the undergraduate dormitory, academic year of 96-97, a researcher-in-chief of Ardebil, who answered the questionnaire of alertness and scored more than 108, 40 were selected. A completely randomized design was used in experimental and control groups. Each of the groups had 20 members. The research instrument was Cognitive-Emotional Ordering Questionnaire (CERQ-P), Pathological Concern Scale, and Alertness Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS-21 software and descriptive statistics and covariance analysis.

The results of covariance analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation between post-test and emotional cognitive-emotional ordering (P<0/000,F=93/91( negative emotional cognitive behavioral strategies (P<0/000,F=227/76( and pathological anxiety (P<0/000,F=169/92(, there was a statistically significant difference.

Mental stress reduction education has a significant effect on improvement of cognitive-emotional ordering strategies and reduction of pathologic worries of students with alertness.

The aim of the current study was to determine the effectiveness of acceptance/commitment training to decrease experiential avoidance and psychological distress in teenagers with specific learning disorder. This research is an experimental study with a pre and post-test with a control group design. Statistical population of this study included all of male guidance grade students with special learning disabilities who studied in Ardabil city in the year 2017-2018. The study sample included 44 students with special learning disabilities (22 experimental group and 22 control group) who were selected by multistage cluster sampling and randomly divided into the experimental and control groups. The data was collected using experiential avoidance questionnaire, psychological distress assessment questionnaire and learning difficulties questionnaire. The acceptance/ commitment training was held for the experimental group in eight 90-minute sessions. The results of covariance (ANCOVA) indicated that acceptance/ commitment training significantly decrease experiential avoidance and psychological distress in teenagers with specific learning disorder (P<0.01). These findings suggest that the acceptance/commitment training is an effective method for the use of specialists in educational and therapeutic centers to improve the mental health of students with special learning disabilities.

The present study was aimed at examining the role of children’s self-concept, family’s social support, and parenting styles in predicting academic vitality among male students with specific learning disability. The present study was a correlational research. The study sample consisted of 110 elementary fourth- and fifth-grade male students with specific learning disabilities in the academic year of 2015-2016 in Boukan. They were selected from Boukan’s students using a multistage cluster sampling method. To collect the required data, Colorado Learning Difficulties Questionnaire (CLDQ), Structured Clinical Interview Based on the Symptoms in DSM-5, Children’s Self-Concept Scale, Social Support, Parenting Style, and Academic Buoyancy were employed. The results of Pearson correlation coefficient indicated that children’s self-concept (r=0.75), family’s social support (r=0.42), and parenting style (r=0.59) were significantly correlated with academic vitality among students with specific learning disabilities (P<0.01). The results of multivariate regression analysis showed that children’s self-concept, family’s social support, and parenting styles were significant in predicting academic vitality among students with specific learning disabilities (P<0.001). These results show that an increase in children’s self-concept, family’s social support, and a parenting styles in which physical punishment and poor supervision decrease can lead to an increase in academic vitality among those students.

The purpose this study was to investigate the effectiveness of personal intelligence and success intelligence on the confidence of gifted students. This research was experimental with pretest and posttest and a control group. The population included ninth grade students of high school to secondary early school gifted students in the academic year 95-96 in Esfarāyen city.  The sample included 48 high school students in grade nine randomly selected and assigned into two experimental groups and one control group. The collect the data, Meir’s personal intelligence, Sternberg’s success intelligence and Rosenberg’s confidence scales were used. Mixed analysis of variance showed that personal intelligence training program leads to success and impacts confidence and it increase. These results have important implications regarding the prevention of social issues, physical and mental health and academic achievement.  So we can conclude that with training personal intelligence and success intelligence students have a great help to experience community health.

This study aims to compare stress reactivity, coping and life styles in people with and without insomnia. Among a population of all patients with insomnia disorder who attended Psychology and Psychiatry clinics in the first semester of 2017 and were diagnosed with insomnia, 30 persons were selected through non-random sampling. On the other hand, other 30 persons were selected as a comparing group from the main population. The two groups were matched as much as possible on age, gender, education, and marital status. Data were collected using Insomnia Saverity Index (ISI), Perceived Stress Reactivity Scale (PSRS), Andler & Parker Coping Style Questionnaire, and Lifestyle Questionnaire (LSQ). Data were analyzed by means of multivariate analysis of variance. These findings show that, there is a significant difference between stress reactivity and its entire component in both groups. In other words, patients' group shows sever reaction to problem focused coping style, Emotion focused coping style and avoidance oriented coping style. This means that patients had higher stress reactivity than normal people. Predominant coping style in normal group were problem-focused and avoidance. In addition, prevailing coping style in patient group was emotion-focused. There was also a significant difference between patient and normal groups in terms of physical health, sports and fitness, disease prevention, mental health, spiritual health, social health drug avoidance and drug abuse and prevention of accidents. It can be concluded that the normal group have higher score in components of life style and their life style is better. However, in terms of weight control, nutrition and environmental health, no significant difference was found between two groups. It can also be concluded that patient group have high reaction to stress and mostly use emotion focused coping style and have low score in life style components. Since the pathophysiology of insomnia can be considered as a psychophysiologic hyperarousal status, higher Stress Reactivity with activating the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis can lead to increase insomnia. Emotion focused coping style by controlling emotional responses and physiological arousal to reduce stress, leads to arousal and insomnia. Lifestyle can also lead to insomnia through affecting the biological mechanisms.

Different studies have been carried out on the effectiveness of psychological therapies in the treatment of addiction and reduction of its long-term complications. This study aimed to aggregate and combine the results of previous studies and to estimate the effectiveness of these therapies in the relapse prevention of drug addiction through meta-analysis method. This meta-analysis was conducted on the published articles in the databases of Sid, Magiran, and Irandoc. After searching, the screening and assessment of the quality of articles were conducted and the inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied. In the initial search, the number of 4292 articles was extracted. After the removal of duplicates and evaluation of the titles and abstracts, 31 articles were selected. Then, the full texts of articles were reviewed and 19 articles were finally recognized eligible for inclusion in the meta-analysis. The statistical analysis of the obtained data was carried out using STATA (Version 11). Pooled RD extracted from results and Metan command were used to analyze the data. The meta-analysis conducted on studies indicates the significant effectiveness of psychological-based therapy in addiction relapse prevention. Regarding the effectiveness of psychological-based therapies in addiction relapse prevention, policy-makers should pay more attention to this issue and provide the foundation for the application of exercises by providing the necessary training to psychologists of addiction treatment centers.