فهرست مطالب malihe taheri

Objectiv (s): 

This study aimed to explore the experiences of health care providers working in health centers during the Covid-19 disease using a phenomenological method.

A qualitative study using phenomenological method was conducted on a sample of health care staff in Hamedan, Iran. Inclusion criteria were physicians and health care providers involved with individuals with or suspected of having corona virus disease. Exclusion criteria were concealment of information in the interviewee or his / her unwillingness to participate in the research. The sampling method was purpose full and continued until data saturation (30 people). In-depth and semi-structured interviews were used to collect information. The average interview time was 40-60 minutes. Data were analyzed using the Colaizzi method.

The findings indicated 4 main themes, 9 categories and 59 sub-categories. The main themes included negative emotions, positive emotions, self-efficacy, and health system problems. Sub-themes included psychological responses, lack of good outlook, unappreciative system, altruism, voluntary work, social self-efficacy, individual self-efficacy, violations of instructions, and equipment supply problems.

The present study showed that health service providers experienced inappropriate mental, emotional and occupational conditions during the Covid-19 pandemic. The results obtained from this study can be used to formulate support and strategies for emerging epidemics.

In this work, polyaniline (PANI) microcapsules were successfully synthesized by the oxidative polymerization in the direct mini-emulsion method. 8-hydroxyquinoline (8-HQ) was used as a corrosion inhibitor in the core of microcapsules, which can also act as a fluorescent indicator. The synthesized microcapsules were characterized by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Thermal Gravimetric Analysis (TGA) and Ultraviolet-Visible spectroscopy (UV–Vis) techniques. The qualitative study of the corrosion resistance behavior of coatings containing microcapsules was performed using the salt spray test. The FE-SEM images were used to study the morphology of the surface of the microcapsules. According to FE-SEM images, the microcapsules with and without 8-HQ were almost identical in appearance, and the diameter of the spherical microcapsules was approximately 0.6-5 µm. The results of the DLS showed that the synthesized microcapsules are monodisperse and have a narrow distribution of particle size. The chemical structure of the microcapsules was investigated using FTIR spectroscopy. The results of the TGA analysis confirmed the formation of polyaniline microcapsules. The UV–Vis spectroscopy showed that polyaniline microcapsules are sensitive to reducing and oxidizing agents and are released by reduction-oxidation reactions. Since PANI microcapsules can exhibit an oxidation-reduction response to electrical or chemical stimuli, these particles could be an appropriate choice to be used in anti-corrosion and self-healing applications in metallic systems. The results of the salt spray test showed that the epoxy coating containing 5 wt.% of the microcapsules, has better corrosion resistance than the epoxy.

Depression is a serious mental health illness among adolescents especially girls. Web-based treatment can possibly become a solution for reducing mental health problems in adolescents. This study is one of the first trials aimed to evaluate the efficiency of web-based depression improvement program among female adolescents based on the Social Cognitive Theory (SCT). Study design: Randomized Controlled Trial.

A six-month randomized controlled trial based on the SCT was implemented in female schools in Hamadan City, west of Iran in 2018 on 128 female students with mild to moderate depressive symptoms (CES-D =10-45). They were randomly assigned to either intervention or control group (n= 64 in each group). Depression improvement program was implemented through the website via short videos, animations and Power-Point slides. Depression was evaluated using Center for Epidemiologic Depression Scale. A researcher-made questionnaire based on the sheerer and Perceived-Social-Support-Scale-Revised (PSSS-R) questionnaires were used to evaluate the SCT constructs. The data were analyzed using SPSS software.

The intervention program resulted in the improvement of depression in 12 wk based on Intent-to-treat analyses. Nevertheless, these achievements seem to have decreased by 24 wk in intervention group. The intervention increased the mean scores of the constructs of social support and self-regulation from baseline to 12 wk in the intervention group (P<0.05). The intervention had no effect on outcome expectations and self-efficacy. There were no statistically significant associated between theory constructs changes and changes in depression (P>0.05).

The web-based intervention improved depression in female students. Future training using strategies for the sustainable improvement of depression in female students are needed.

The present systematic review investigated and analyzed interventions in the field of parental skills in cooking healthy food in order to identify the most effective training methods to create a lasting and positive effect on the implications of health promotion of children and adolescents. Electronic search of databases was performed using the key words in English and Persian from Scopus, Proquest, Science Direct, Pub Med, Springer, Biomed Central, Google Scholar, Iran Medex and SID. The inclusion criteria were all educational interventions that included cooking healthy food with the aim to increase knowledge and skills of parents, or to assess the impact of interventions on children and adolescents, and that were published between January 2005 and September 2014. Cooking skills educational interventions for parents were divided into two types 1: based on health education models and theories, and 2: without using health education models and theories. Among the seven articles reviewed, four studies were classified in the first group and three in the second group. The studies were compared based on changes in body mass index as well as the persistence of behavior change in the subsequent follow-ups. Use of multi-component education and follow-up that apply theories and models of health education are effective to reach the expected results. Clinical trials with several long-term strategies are required to create a favorable change in body mass index of children and teens.

Because of the high prevalence of dental caries, the develop-ment of permanent teeth and the formation of life style, children 12-6 years old are the most important target groups of school oral health programs and the school is the easiest and most effective way to attain the group. This study examined the impact of school -based interven-tions to improve oral health in 6-12 years old school students. In this systematic review research evidence using databases such as, Scopus, Proquest, Science Direct, Pub Med,, Springer, Biomed Central, Google Scholar IranMedex and SID. Studies published between January 2004 and September 2014 were in-cluded. Using key words in Farsi and English, and educational interventions for the preven-tion of oral diseases and promotion of healthy behaviors related among elementary students in the school environment were studied. Seventeen studies met the inclusion criteria. Interventions in these two classifications (preventive services and education, educational programs) have positive effects on children’s dental health. Continuous Interventions, parents and school staff involved in the program, ap-plication of behavioral change theories and models, Practical experience and prevention ser-vices, Multi-component education are more effective in increasing children, knowledge, health behaviors and reducing plaque and tooth decay. Community-based continuing education approach, using a Multi-component ed-ucation, follow up, application of behavioral change theories and models and prevention ser-vices are effective to reach the expected results.

One of the basics of healthy eating is five times consumption of fruits and vegetable a day. Given the importance of recognizing effective factors of consuming fruit and vegetable in this group, the present study aimed to investigate high school girl's adherence to five-time serving fruits and vegetables per day in Hamadan based on the theory of planned behavior application. This descriptive-analytical study was performed on 400 girl students from high schools of Hamadan recruited with a multistage cluster sampling method. Participants filled out questionnaires including demographic variables, the theory of planned behavior constructs and a fruit and vegetable consumption measure one week later. Data analysis was performed using SPSS-18 by Chi-square, Pearson correlation and Logistic regression. Fruit and vegetable consumption by female students is 3.4 times daily. Among the demographic variables, family size, mother's education, father's occupation, household income, body mass index and type of school had significant associations with fruit and vegetable consumption (P<0.05). Behavioral intention predicted 35% of the variation in daily fruit and vegetable consumption. Moreover, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control and attitude were able to predict 32% of behavioral intention. Fruit and vegetable consumption in female students is inadequate. The theory of planned behavior may be a useful framework to design a 5-A-Day intervention for female students.

Infants and children are valuable human resources for our future. Their desirable growth influences the quality of human resources for the future. Nutritional education is one of the most important ways to improve children''s health. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of nutrition education program on reducing growth failure among children based on Health Belief Model (HBM) in two Hamadan Urban Health Centers (UHC). Methods and Materials: 100 mothers whose children were growth impaired randomly participated in this quasi- experimental study. Mothers form one UHC as experimental group (n=50) attended a 4 session educational program based on HBM components. The data were collected using valid questionnaire tool set and the check list of making child food aid, before, immediately and two month after the educational intervention among 2 groups. Data were analyzed by SPSS 16 and descriptive – analyzes statistics methods, such as paired T-test, independent T test, ANOVA, repeated measure andx^2. The average mean scores related to knowledge and HBM components variable showed significant differences among two groups of mothers immediately and 2 months after the educational intervention (P<0.05).Mean performance scores of mothers in experimental group were significantly higher than those for control group (P<0.05). The findings showed that the mother''s nutrition educational program based on HBM, as the effective approach in healthcare requires new ways of teaching based on models and theories of behavior change.