فهرست مطالب rezvaneh amrollahi

In recent years, awareness of how urban surfaces can improve the microclimate has grown. Meanwhile, the challenge of using cool materials in urban spaces to change the microclimate is significant. Because urban surfaces are made up of two types of vertical surfaces (urban facades) and horizontal surfaces (pavements), each of which has a different impact based on where it is set.

This research investigates the cooling effect of titanium dioxide (TiO2)-based photocatalytic self-cleaning material (P-S-TiO2) in an urban square.

This study experimentally studied the evaluation of these materials on horizontal and vertical urban surfaces using ENVI-met software in the space of an urban square, a topic unexplored in earlier research.

The findings show that when these materials were used in the square's pavement, the air temperature of the urban space of the square at the height of 1.5 meters decreased by about 0.6°C because the square's pavement is about 16°C cooler. Meanwhile, the simulation results showed that if these materials are used in the urban facades of the square, there will be no noticeable change in the air temperature.

The conclusion of this research will increase awareness of how to use P-S-TiO2 on both vertical and horizontal surfaces. In other words, using these materials on horizontal surfaces benefits the urban microclimate. Improving the urban microclimate increases the quality of the urban space of JOLFA neighborhood square.

Renewable energy is a suitable replacement for fossil fuels and has many applications. One of its noticeable applications is desalination which is vital regarding the current water crisis. Accordingly, renewable sources are used in the desalination of alternative to fossil fuels. Wind and geothermal power are two high-potential renewable energies combined with desalination units. However, due to some challenges, they have not developed sufficiently. Iran is one of the wealthiest countries in this type of energy and has much potential for using these technologies, which have not been applied yet. The research aims to consider the achievements of the combination of wind and geothermal energy with desalination. Also, environmental challenges and proper solutions are analyzed. In addition, offshore wind power plants, micro wind turbines, bladeless turbines, triboelectric nanogenerators, and submarine geothermal resources are concluded. In addition, nanotechnology has a significant role in enhancing these systems. Nanocomposites lead to wear reduction of the blades. Nanofluids increase the amount of absorbed heat in geothermal power plants and also reduce the earthquake risk. Graphene and the combination of zeolite and alumina increase the amount of separated salt in reverse osmosis-based desalination.

A review on two-dimensional MXene materials and their application for increasing the photocatalytic properties of semiconductorsRezvaneh Amrollahi*, Pooneh NayebiDepartment of physics, Iran university of science and technology, Tehran, IranAbstract:The two-dimensional transition metal carbides, nitrides and carbonitrides (MXenes) ,that were first synthezied in 2011, have found many application in ion batteries, sensors, energy storage devices, and etc due to their high chemical diversity, structural complexities and electrical conductivity similar to metals. In addition, the MXene family is one of the most valuable candidates for improving and boosting the photocatalytic performance of semiconductors beacuse of its special surface, functional groups and also accelerating the separation of charge carriers. In this review, we tried to introduce the structure, prepration method of MXene and its effect on the photocatalytic properties of semiconductors for photodegradation of dyes, water splitting reaction, and CO2 conversion.

Urban streets and highways are the expressions of the visual environment, and urban streets facades are the main elements influencing the urban environment's quality. On the one hand, murals as Urban Art can play an influential role in improving the quality of the urban facades. On the other hand, maintaining facades with murals is one of the principal challenges for city managers regarding financial dimensions and workforce. This study aims to provide a solution to maintain the quality of the facades in urban highways with murals because highways face many problems compared to other urban spaces due to difficult conditions in the implementation and maintenance of murals.

This study investigated using TiO2 photocatalytic nanoparticles to maintain murals on urban highways. For this purpose, the cost of implementing murals with self-cleaning and non-self-cleaning materials versus cleaning costs facades for ten years was calculated. This comparison has been made on the facades of Imam Ali Highway in Tehran.

Cost estimates show that using self-cleaning paints and coatings containing titanium dioxide reduces the need to clean the facades over time. Furthermore, this will reduce economic and workforce costs and keep the urban facades of the highway clean and the quality of the urban environment improved.

TiO2 photocatalytic nanoparticles can raise the durability of murals and reduce their maintenance costs. This is a promising solution that can execute the aspirations of city managers in maintaining the quality of urban facades.