فهرست مطالب seyyed mansour kashfi

As a physiological event, menopause is an important milestone in women's lives. Numerous studies have shown the negative impact of this stage of women's lives on their quality of life.The present study aimed to assess the effectiveness of education about physical activity via social networks on the quality of life of menopausal women.

This randomized controlled trial was conducted at Khormoj, Southwest of Iran, in 2018 on 54 menopausal women (27 experimental group (EG) and 27 control group (CG)). For the EG, a WhatsApp group was created and, every week, three educational written messages, clips, or pamphlets about physical activity and its importance during menopause were sent for 10 weeks. The study outcome (quality of life) was measured via Menopause-Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire (MENQOL) at the onset and one  month after the intervention. Data were analyzed through SPSS 19,  using independent and paired T-tests.

One month post-intervention, there was a significant difference between the EG and CG groups in the total quality of life, and vasomotor, physical and sexual dimensions compared to the CG group (p <0.05). Between the baseline and one month post-intervention, a greater increase in quality of life was observed in the EG than in the CG, giving a mean difference of -10.52 (p <0.0001).

The present study showed that holding an educational program using the WhatsApp social network enhanced quality of life of menopausal women.

Given the importance of the lifestyle modification on hypertension control, the present study aimed to investigate effect of lifestyle training intervention on blood pressure and body mass index in patients with hypertension in Darab, Iran.

The present randomized controlled intervention study was conducted on 80 middle-aged women with hypertension referred to health houses of Darab in 2018. The cluster sampling was performed; and participants were assigned to experimental and control groups by a simple random method (40 participants in each of the experimental and control groups). The data about participants’ life style, BMI and blood pressure were measured before and two months after the intervention and were analyzed by SPSS 20 using the paired t-test, independent t-test, and chi-square test.

No significant differences between experimental and control groups before the intervention in terms of health promoting components (P> 0.05), Systolic (P= 0.73), and Diastolic blood pressure (P= 0.22) and BMI (P= 0.43) were seen before the intervention. while there were statistically significant differences between two groups after intervention in terms of health promoting components, systolic and diastolic blood pressure (P<0.05). No significant difference was seen in terms of body mass index (P= 0.52(.

Findings of the present study indicated that life style modification is effective in reducing systolic and diastolic blood pressure in short term independent of its impact on BMI.

Prostate cancer (PC) is the fourth most common and the second deadly cancer in the world. Various theories have been proposed to identify the characteristics of individuals and their surrounding environments that somehow affect their behaviors. The health belief model (HBM) is one of the theories that are useful for studying health problems and designing programs to prevent diseases and injuries.

The purpose of this study was to determine PC screening behaviors based on HBM in men aged 40-70 years old in Fasa city, Fars province, Iran.

This was a descriptive, analytical, and cross-sectional study performed on 400 men aged 40-70 years in 2019. The data collection instrument was a standard questionnaire used in Anderson’s study, whose validity and reliability have been confirmed. Data were analyzed by SPSS 22 using descriptive (frequency, mean, and standard deviation) and inferential (the Pearson correlation coefficient and linear regression) statistics at the significance level of p<0.05.

The mean age of the participants in this study was 54.24±5.46 years. The mean number of children was 2.84±1.84. According to the results, perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, and perceived self-efficacy positively correlated with PC screening behaviors, and there was a significant inverse relationship between perceived barriers and PC screening behaviors.

The use of behavioral models such as HBM can be useful to implement appropriate plans to encourage PC screening behaviors.

Background :

According to the importance of self-efficacy and the role of health-promoting behaviors in training of adolescents and in order to develop interventions, better understanding of adolescents' health behaviors is required in daily life in order to target activities related to the adolescent health. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of educational intervention on self-efficacy and health-promoting behaviors in Iranian female high-school students.

This quasi-experimental study was conducted on high-school girl students in Darab city, Iran in 2018. The sampling method was cluster and the way of assigning individuals to the experimental and control groups was simple random method (70 students for experimental group and 70 students for control group). The outcomes of the study were self-efficacy and health-promoting behaviors that were assessed before and two months after intervention in control and training groups. The data were analyzed using SPSS software version 20.0.

Mean age of participants was 15.82± 0.48 years. Independent t-test results showed there was no significant difference between the components of health-promoting (P>0.05), and self-efficacy (P= 0.5) before the educational intervention between the experimental and control groups, while there was a significant difference between the components of health-promoting and self-efficacy after the educational intervention between the experimental and control groups (P <0.05).

Conclusion:

 Among high-school girl students, training intervention used was effective in increasing health-promoting behaviors and self-efficacy.

Osteoporosis is one of the most important causes of illness and disability in postmenopausal females, characterized by a decrease in bone mass and increased fracture probability. Determination of the factors influencing the adoption of preventive behaviors for osteoporosis in postmenopausal females is necessary by using patterns such as the health belief model that identifies and reinforces the factors affecting the behaviors. The current study aimed at determining the performance of postmenopausal females living in Fasa City, Iran in preventing osteoporosis based on the Health Belief Model. The current cross-sectional study was conducted on 380 females aged >50 years covered by Fasa health centers. They were selected by simple random sampling method. The data gathering tool was a questionnaire that its validity and reliability have already been confirmed. It included demographic information, knowledge assessment, health belief model scale constructs (susceptibility, severity, benefits, barriers, motivation, perceived self-efficacy, and guide to action), as well as nutritional and walking status questionnaires to prevent osteoporosis in females. Finally, the data were analyzed through descriptive indices (Mean, SD) and analytical statistic tests, including the Pearson correlation coefficient, and multiple linear regression analysis. The Mean age of the subjects was 58.25±6.59 years and their average Body Mass Index (BMI) was 22.25±3.01 kg/m2. These variables predicted 31.5% and 28.4% of the walking and nutritional behavior variances of osteoporosis prevention, respectively. Meanwhile, among the health belief model constructs, perceived susceptibility constructs predicted both nutritional (P=0.001) and walking behaviors (P=0.02). Based on the results of this study and considering the predicting power of the health belief model, especially the perceived susceptibility construct, and the vulnerability of the females, it is recommended to implement accurate educational programs based on the health belief model rather than using traditional methods of education to raise their perceived susceptibility to osteoporosis, as well as increasing self-efficacy and perceived benefits.

Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disorder characterized by reduction of one mass, deterioration of bone structure, increase of bone fragility, and fracture risk increment. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of an educational program based on Health Melief Model (HBM) onosteoporosis and Bone Mineral Density (BMD) in women. In this quasi-experimental study, 160 participants registered with the health centers. 80 participants were randomly divided into the experimental and control groups. In order to measure the efficacy of nutrition and walking performance for prevention of osteoporosis, a questionnaire consisting of demographic information and HBM constructs was used before, immediately after the intervention, and 12 months following the intervention. BMD was recorded at the lumbar spine and femur before and 12 months following the intervention. Compared to the control group,the experimental group showed a significant increase in their knowledge, perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, self-efficacy, internal cues to action, nutrition, and walking performance immediately and one year after the intervention. Twelve months following the intervention, the value of lumbar spine and hip BMD T-Score in the experimental group increased, while in the control group it reduced. This study revealed the effect of knowledge, walking, and diet on bone mass based on HBM model. Hence, these models can act as a framework for designing and implementing educational interventions in order to prevent osteoporosis.

Thalassemia is the most prevalent genetic disorder in humans. It is caused by the deficient or lack of production of one of the globin chains. The present study aimed to evaluate the performance indicators of Behbahan Health Center, Iran in terms of the prevention of thalassemia major during 2006-2016. This descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted on the couples referring to the pre-marriage counseling centers in Behbahan, Iran for premarital tests during 2006-2016. The participants were selected via census sampling. In total, 24,992 couples were screened, 0.33% of whom (n = 84) were suspected of thalassemia. Out of 84 couples, two cases declared marriage cancellation after electrophoresis. The results of the PND1 test indicated that in 96% of the couples (n = 73), the boy and girl both had thalassemia minor, while in 1.3% of the cases (n = 1), one of them had thalassemia minor, and in 6.2% (n = 2), they were both normal. According to the results, 84 couples were carriers of thalassemia during 2006-2016. Eventually, all the cases with thalassemia major were aborted and prevented from birth.

According to the high prevalence of breast cancer in Iran and the importance of evaluation the attitude, behavior, and knowledge of women in the incidence of cancer screening, this study was performed with aim to evaluate the women's attitude, behavior, and knowledge about breast cancer screening. This cross- sectional study was conducted on 400 women aged >15 years who referred to Shiraz Imam Reza clinic in 2016. Data was collected by the questionnaire of individual characteristics and breast cancer screening. The data was described by the mean, standard deviation, and frequency. Data was analyzed by SPSS software (version 19) and Pearson correlation, independent t-test, and ANOVA tests. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. The mean scores of knowledge, attitude, and behavior were 25±4.8, 27±5.2, and 18.9±3.7, respectively. According to the results of Pearson correlation coefficient, knowledge had stronger correlation with behavior (r= 0.24, p<0.001) than attitude and behavior (r=0.14, p<0.001). Knowledge had significant relationship with age, education, history of breast cancer and history of breast self-examination (p <0.001), and attitude had significant relationship with the history of breast cancer (p <0.05), and behavior had significant relashenship with education and the history of breast self-examination (p <0.05). Mean score women's behavior for participation in the breast cancer screening program was lower than expected mean scores (score 20)

Diabetes is the most common disease related to metabolism disorders. Today, diabetes in the elderly is one of the major epidemics of the century. This study aimed to investigate the effect of nutrition and jogging‑based Belief, Attitude, Subjective Norm, and Enabling Factors (BASNEF) model in changes in metabolic parameters that performed in elderly patients with type II diabetes in Fasa city. This study was a randomized clinical trial on 108 elderly patients with type II diabetes (54 patients in the experimental group and 54 in control group) referred to the diabetes center in Fasa City, Fars Province, Iran, in 2016. Data were collected using a valid self‑reported questionnaire including demographic variables and BASNEF Model (knowledge, attitudes, subjective norms, and enabling factors), checklist for patient’s practices nutrition and jogging based on self‑reporting patients, assess the level of fasting blood sugar (FBS), low‑density lipoprotein (LDL), high‑density lipoprotein (HDL), triglycerides (TG), and HbAlc patients which was completed by both groups before and 3 months after the intervention. The experimental group received the training in eight sessions; each session lasted for 70 min. Then, the data were entered into the SPSS 22 software (SPSS Inc., IBM, Chicago, IL, USA) and were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Chi‑square test, independent t‑test, and paired t‑test. P <0.05 was considered as statistically signifcant. The results showed that the mean scores of the BASNEF components (knowledge, attitudes, subjective norms, and enabling factors) in two experimental and control groups after intervention were a signifcant difference. After training program, nutritional and jogging performance in the experimental group was better than the control group. Furthermore, FBS (P < 0.001), LDL (P < 0.001), HDL (P < 0.001), TG (P < 0.001), and HbAlc (P < 0.001) improved signifcantly in the experimental group compared to the control group. Plan and implement nutrition and jogging education using the BASNEF model to improve metabolic parameters in diabetic patients are very effective and benefcial. Moreover, in the implementation of these programs, control, monitoring, and follow‑up educational are recommended

The habit of hookah smoking is increasing among the youth, which requires more attention.
This study aimed to assess knowledge and attitudes of university students towards hookah smoking in Fasa, Iran, based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB).
This study was conducted on 157 university students in Fasa, Fars Province, Iran, in 2015. The data were collected using a questionnaire including demographic information and TPB constructs. Then, the data were entered into the SPSS version 19 statistical software and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.
The results showed that 80% of the students had plans for the cessation of hookah smoking. Additionally, a significant difference was found among the students of different universities regarding the scores of attitude (P = 0.003) and behavioral intention (P = 0.005). Moreover, the results of Mann-Whitney test showed that the scores of behavioral intention and attitude were higher among male participants (P = 0.0001 and P = 0.004, respectively). However, females obtained significantly higher scores regarding peer opinion (P Interventions for the cessation of hookah smoking should be based on elimination of positive attitudes toward hookah smoking and promotion of refusal skills, relaxation, and skills to cope with the temptation of hookah smoking.

Cancer is the second cause of death in the world and the third in Iran. Colorectal cancer is the third fatal cancer in the world.
Blood group and its RH are among the genetic factors that can be associated with colon cancer. This study was performed with the aim of investigating the relationship between blood group and colon cancer.
This study was undertaken in cases of colon cancer that referred to Namazi hospital from 2002 to 2011. The required data were gathered using a checklist, entered into SPSS software, and analyzed with descriptive statistical methods and Chi-square test.
The results showed that the highest frequencies among 223 patients with colon cancer were related to blood group O (48.7 percent), RH (90.4 percent), male patients (60.4 percent), and married people (72.2 percent). The mean age of the patients was 60.09 ± 16.04. Blood group and colon cancer showed a statistically significant relationship (P The findings showed that there is a statistically significant relationship between blood group and colon cancer. Conducting extensive studies to find risk factors of the disease, particularly the role of genetic factors and disease prevention, in susceptible people is recommended.

Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are one of the most common infectious diseases in the community. Implementing health education interventions is the best strategy available to promote sexual health. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the effect of STDs prevention training in couples based on health belief model in Fasa, 2016.
This quasi-experimental study was conducted on 70 couples referring to Fasa health centers (35 couples in the intervention group and 35 couples in the control group). The participants were randomly divided in to a case and a control group. The study data were collected using a Standard questionnaire including demographic variables, HBM constructs and couples performance in the prevention of STDs which was completed by both groups before and 3 months after the intervention. Educational intervention was conducted in 4 sessions of 50-55 minutes in group discussion, questions and answers with educational images for the intervention group.The data were entered into the SPSS 22 and were analyzed using chi-square test and independent and paired t-test.
The mean age of participants in the intervention and control groups were 27.02 ± 5.53 and 25.14 ± 4.45, respectively. The mean scores of all constructs of the HBM and the level of performance of couples in preventing STDs increased in the intervention group after the intervention (P The results of this study showed that the designing and implementing educational programs based on the health belief model was effective in the field of prevention of sexually transmitted diseases and sexual health.

The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiological characteristics of animal bite during 2011 -2016 years in Jahrom city.
This cross-sectional study was performed using data from the Jahrom University of Medical Sciences. For analytical statistics, Chi-square test and multiple regression test were used. SPSS software version 21 was used for statistical analysis.
In total, 2010 people with an average age of 31.4 ±1.7 in the years 2011 to 2016 in the were biting. Of these, 429 were female (21.3%) and 1581 were male (78.7%). The results multiple showed that there was a positive correlation between (animal bites; Beta = 0.05, age; Beta = 0.02, location of ulcer; Beta = 0.01) with animal bites positive and direct correlation with animal bites. Animal type variables (Beta = -0.06), primary measures (Beta = -0.03), gender (Beta = -0.03), nationality (Beta = -0.03), wound size (Beta = -0.02) and location (Beta = 0.05) had a negative correlation with animal bites.
Most cases of biting have been related to dogs, pets and rural areas. Therefore, the vaccination of dogs and cats is essential by preventing dogs from being exposed to humans.

Osteoporosis is the most common metabolic bone disease. Prevention of osteoporosis during childhood and adolescence is an important issue in World Health Organization. The purpose of this study was to investigate application of health belief model in prevention of osteoporosis among primary school girl students, in Fasa city, Fars Province, Iran.
In this quasi-experimental study, 140 primary school girl students who were randomly divided into groups, experimental (n=70) and control (n=70) in Fasa city, Fars Province, Iran, were selected in 2015. A questionnaire consisting of demographic information, Health Belief Model (HBM) constructs was used to measure nutrition and walking performance for prevention of osteoporosis before, immediately after intervention and four months later. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 19.0 software.
The mean age of students was 11.45±1.13 and 11.25±1.60 years old in the Experimental and the control group, respectively. Immediately and Four months after the intervention, the mean scores of the HBM components (Perceived susceptibility, Perceived severity, Perceived benefits, Perceived barriers, Self-efficacy, Internal cues to action), and nutritional and walking performance in experimental group was better than the control group (P The findings of the present study confirmed the practicability and effectiveness of the Health Belief Model based educational program in promoting behaviors about prevention of osteoporosis. Hence, these models can act as a framework for designing and implementing educational interventions for the osteoporosis prevention.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of knowledge, attitude and practice of the households on the prevention and control Cutaneous Leishmaniasis. This study was a cross-sectional, analytical. The population consisted of the residents in the south of Shiraz. The sample size was 300 and they were selected randomly. For analyzed using the descriptive indices as well as in-depended T-test, chisquare test and ANOVA. The SPSS software 16 was used for analysis.
The mean age of the participants was 36.1±13.6. The mean and standard deviation scores of knowledge, attitude and practice were 16.85 ±3.5, 34.38 ±6.43 and 5.6 ±1.9, respectively. Pearson correlation coefficient showed that the mean awareness (r = 0.13, P-value = 0.02) was more correlated with the mean practice compared to the mean attitude (r = 0.17, P-value = 0.00). However, both variables of knowledge and attitude had a significant relationship with practice (p-value = 0.00).
Generally, the results of our study showed that the scores of knowledge and practice were lower than the mean score, and the attitude score was better than the two other scores.

BackgroundFruit and vegetable consumption increases student's health and growth and strengthens their mental activities. The present study aimed to investigates a training program based on PRECEDE model on fruit and vegetable consumption by female students in high schools of Fasa, Iran.
Materials and MethodsThis is a quasi –experimental study. The research sample includes 100 female high school students in Fasa city, Fars Province, Iran, who were randomly assigned to two groups of control (n=50) and experimental (n=50) groups. Data collection instrument was a questionnaire that included items on demographic characteristics and the PERCEDE model components (knowledge, attitude, enabling and reinforcing factors and performance). Educational intervention for the experimental group was carried out in four sessions which each lasting 55 to 60 minutes, and subjects were followed for 2 months. The questionnaires were administered to both groups before and 3 months after the intervention. The collected data was analyzed by SPSS version 18.0 statistical software.
ResultsThe average performance score of experimental and control groups regarding fruits and vegetables consumption was 15.15±2.44 and 14.96±2.12 (before the intervention) and 28.22±2.22 and 16.1±11.32 (after the intervention). Mean scores of predisposing (knowledge and attitude), reinforcing, and enabling factors showed a significant difference in the experimental group in comparison the control group (PConclusionThe significant increase in student performance scores regarding fruits and vegetables consumption at the end of the study indicates the positive effect of education on promoting knowledge and changing attitudes of individuals. Therefore, the design and implementation of the training program based on the PRECEDE-PROCEED model can promote healthy eating habits and increase fruits and vegetables consumption among students.

Aging is an inevitable biological phenomenon. Today, the elderly have a more active life, better life expectancy, and health status than in the past in Iran. However, there are still a lot of related hidden problems such as the elderly abuse.
The current study aimed at determining different types of the elder abuse in Shiraz, Iran.
The current cross sectional study was conducted in 2012. The study population included the elderly in Shiraz, Iran. A sample of 226 elderly was randomly selected from 7 urban health centers. Data were collected using domestic elder abuse questionnaire. Data were analyzed by performing descriptive statistics (mean, frequency percentage, and standard deviation), the Pearson correlation, and the Mann-Whitney test by SPSS.
Overall, 226 elderly, 72.6% females and 27.4% males, were recruited. The mean± SD age of the sample was 68.55 ± 6.28 years. The incidence rates of abuse for the elderly participants were as follows: emotional negligence (43.8%), psychological abuse (41.2%), negligence in healthcare (31.9%), financial abuse (23%), and curtailment of personal autonomy (20.8%), as well as financial negligence (28.8%), physical abuse (7%), and abandonment (4%). According to the results of the current study, there were significant relationships between financial negligence and occupation (P value = 0.02), financial negligence and gender (P value = 0.06); between negligence in healthcare and gender (P value = 0.04); and between financial abuse and gender (P value = 0.04). According to the results of the study, there was a significant relationship between financial negligence and Occupational negligence, gender and negligence in healthcare, and financial abuse and gender.
The results of the study indicated that a high percentage of the elderly participants were abused differently. Therefore, recognizing the prevalence and types of abuse is important to inform the health policy makers and legal authorities, especially families. In this way, better and more desirable care can be provided to the elderly and measures can be taken to improve their lives.

Background;There is scant evidence regarding the prevalence and main determinants of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) in early adulthood, especially at university ages. This study aimed to determine the status of OCD among Iranian college students.
Methods; This cross-sectional study was conducted on 330 medical students at different academic grades studying at Kermanshah University of Medicalsciences. The final diagnosis of subclinical OCD was based on Maudsley Obsessive Compulsive Inventory (MOCI). The data were entered into the SPSS statistical software, version 19.0 and analyzed using independent T-test and chi-square test. PResults; The students’ mean SD score of MOCI was 8.1±6.9. Besides, 103 students (32.4%) obtained scores higher than 9 and, consequently, were diagnosed with subclinical OCD. Among the baseline characteristics, only family history of OCD showed a significant relationship with the frequency of subclinical OCD (pConclusion; Since family history, as the only determinant of OCD in our study, cannot be modified, students and families have to be trained to control their disorder.

Contamination by pollutants has been considered as one of the environmental concerns during the recent years. Lead is one of the most common industrial contaminants all over the world and increase in lead level is associated with behavioral and cognitive problems. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is among the most common psychological-behavioral disorders among children, with the incidence rate of 4% - 12%. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between serum lead level and ADHD through comparison of serum lead level between children with ADHD and the control group.Patients and This case-control study was conducted on 20 children with ADHD and 23 healthy children in the control group. The serum Lead level measured by an atomic absorption spectrometer, equipped with graphite furnace system, was compared between the two groups. The data were analyzed using the SPSS statistical software, version 16. The mean level of serum lead was higher in the ADHD children (6.7330 ± 2.39747) compared with the control group (3.0304 ± 1.30573) (P = 0.001). However, no significant difference was observed between the two genders regarding the mean level of serum lead in the case (P = 0.088) or the control group (P = 0.365). Based on the study results, the mean level of serum lead was significantly higher in the ADHD group in comparison to the control group (P < 0.001). Thus, environmental contaminants, such as lead, can be associated with increasing incidence of ADHD. Yet, further studies on larger sample sizes are recommended to confirm our findings.

Mental disorders are very common in human societies and it is possible for many people to get mental problems. Faith, religious beliefs and monotheistic attitudes are some of the factors that can be used effectively in prevention and treatment of mental disorders. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between religious attitudes and mental health in students.

This is a descriptive- analytic study conducted to investigate the relationship between religious attitude and mental health in students of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. Samples were selected by multistage random sampling. Data was collected by means of general health questionnaire (GHQ-28) and a religious attitude questionnaire containing 25 questions (Golriz- Berahani). SPSS software version 19 was used to analyzethe collected data by tests of Chi-square and Pearson correlation coefficient.

The participants (n=300) in this study were 31.4% boys and 68.6% girls. The mean age of them was 21.71 years old. The mean of religious attitude and general health scores of the participants was 39.73 and 22.1 respectively. There was no statistically significant association between students’ general health and demographic variables (P>0.05). There was no statistically significant association between general health and religious attitude (r= 0.1 and P>0.05).

Although there was a positive correlation between general health and religious attitude, there was no statistically significant association between them.

Genetic background and blood groups are important factors in creating diabetes disease. The aim of the present study was to review the frequency distribution of blood groups in diabetic and non-diabetic patients and the relationship between blood groups and diabetes.

This cross-sectional study included 379 diabetic patients (325 cases with type II diabetes and 54 cases with type I diabetes) who had clinic files as the case group and 702 cases randomly selected as the control group from those having been proved non-diabetic in the compulsory marriage tests. Information was collected using a checklist, containing variables such sex, age, diabetes type, family history of diabetes, and blood type and Rh. All the study patients underwent blood type tests.

The mean age of the case and control groups was 51.74 and 24.68 years, respectively, and the mean diabetes duration in the case group was 8.5 years. The chi-square test demonstrated no significant differences between the case and control groups in terms of gender (p value = 0.49), blood type (p value =0.25), and Rh (p value =0.197); however, this test showed a significant difference between the case and control groups regarding the family history of diabetes (p value <0.001).

Some previously conducted research has confirmed the effect of blood types on diabetes. Our results, however, showed no significant relationship between diabetes and blood types.

We aimed to assess the impact of health workers’ training program on preventive behaviors of leishmaniosis based on BASNEF (Belief, Attitude, Subjective Norm, and Enabling Factors) model in the families under the coverage of health centers. The study was done in rural health centers of Marvdasht City, Fars Province, Iran in 2011. Health workers completed a specific questionnaire. Moreover, out of the families under the health center’s coverage, 20 families from each health center were selected in order to complete the questionnaire. Then, 4 training sessions for the health workers and 2 training sessions for influential individuals were held. Weekly meetings were also conducted with the health workers’ representatives in order to prepare the enabling factors and solve the problems. Three months after the health workers’ training, the data were collected again and analyzed using the SPSS statistical software (version 16). The mean scores obtained for knowledge, attitude, behavioral intention, enabling factors, and health workers’ behavior significantly increased after the educational intervention in the experimental (intervention) group (P=0.001). Influential individuals also revealed significant changes after the educational intervention (P=0.001). The mean scores obtained for those factors of the attendant families under coverage also increased significantly in the experimental group (P=0.001). Educational programs based on the BASNEF model might change the health workers’ behavior and, eventually, their training behavior leads to preventive actions in families under coverage.