جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « راهبرد دفاعی » در نشریات گروه « علوم سیاسی »

As two important countries of the Middle East, Iran and Turkey have a common border of 499 kilometers, and for about four centuries, the borders of Iran and Turkey have been the borders of peace and friendship and no major conflict has occurred between them, and in many ways it can be said that Turkey is the most important It is a neighbor of Iran and geostrategically enjoys a prominent position in connecting Asia-Europe. In this research, with the aim of determining "political factors that are effective on the formulation of the defense strategy of the Republic of Turkey against Turkey" by using the descriptive method. Analytical and applied, after conducting theoretical and geopolitical environmental studies, using the opinion of experts, a questionnaire was prepared and distributed among experts and experts related to the subject in the form of a statistical community of 52 people, and then their opinions were collected and the related political factors and treatment on the preparation of the defense strategy of J.A. in relation to the statistical techniques and methods in relation to the analysis of the data, the action and the result of the research, 12 political factors international unions.

The topic of the present research is that the security consequences of the normalization of the relations between the southern neighbors of Iran and the Zionist regime, which is known as the Ibrahim Pact, will have an impact on the defense strategies of the Islamic Republic of Iran. The countries studied in this research are the United Arab Emirates, Bahrain, Saudi Arabia and Oman; Also, the chosen method is from the category of qualitative research and gathering information in the framework of phishing using the approach of secondary analysis of documents and data received from databases such as libraries, websites, etc. The hypothesis proposed is based on the view that the connection of the Zionist regime with its southern neighbors will lead to the fact that eventually the Zionist regime will be closer to the borders of the Islamic Republic of Iran than in the past and will indirectly have smoother access to the maritime borders of southern Iran. The importance of investigating this matter will be more because firstly this regime has created spiral security in the region between the neighbors more than before and in the next stage it has led to the increase of intelligence espionage from the country and then the allied militant groups of J.A. It weakens Iran.  The results show that the normalization of the relations of the southern neighbors with the Zionist regime will affect the revision of the defense, political and security approaches of the Islamic Republic of Iran from various aspects, which is especially necessary for Tehran to address issues such as the weakening of regional allies, To pay attention to the development and influence of the Zionist regime and the lack of formation of a stable defense and security system and the loss of the balance of power in the region.

The grand defense strategy of each country is embodied and crystallized in its defense and security doctrine.In order to achieve this goal, the security elites plan and operate the country's defense doctrine according to the level of actual andpotential threats.The insecurity situation in the surrounding environment has caused the decision-making elites in the field of defense-security doctrine,the index of security,to take an explicit proactive approach.and make the central idea in the surrounding turbulent environment the centrality of the country's defense strategy.To explain thatany inaction in security areas leads to spillover of insecurity and chaos from the peripheral environment to the internal environment.Senior military commanders,as decision makers in the security field,play a central role in this important matter by drawing and designing defense lines. Lt. Gen.Martyr Hajj Qassem Soleimani, as a personality who with extraordinary talent and vision,with his strategic decisions, increased the national security factor A. promoted Iran to the highest level in the country's history. In the way that he is considered as the architect of Iran's strategic security and stability. Iran is examined. The main question of the article is emphasized for this topic: What effects has the strategic thinking of Shahid Soleimani had on the orientation of the security doctrine of Iran? The increasing search for security, geopolitical dynamics, active deterrence, strategic depth,continuity of hard and soft power, active strategic and idea-oriented activism" has had a direct and decisive impact onthe direction of the Iranian defense-security doctrine.Specific findings The research shows that: "J.A. Iran's defense-security doctrine is influenced by the wise thinking of Martyr Soleimani in the form of a fixed model ofIranian realism, from the perspective of the realist government,there is a paradigm shift from a reflexive and reactive approach to a proactive approach to active security and "Strategic frankness has been proportionate to the threats."

Culture, as a software aspect of power, has always been the most influential among the components of power and is considered one of the most fundamental requirements for the defense power of any country. Cultural power, while being a means of defense and conquest, can influence other components of power and strengthen or weaken it. And this importance is evident in the documents and orders of the founder of the Islamic Republic of Iran and the Supreme Leader. The main purpose of this article is to formulate strategies for gaining the superior defense power of the region in the field of culture based on document 1404 and factors and indicators related to it. Descriptive and inferential methods have been used in this research. The statistical population includes experts in cultural and defense affairs, and the sample size is 60 people. Based on this, by using the SWOT analysis method, each of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats were identified according to the internal and external environment of the country and appropriate strategies were selected, and by using the TOPSIS method, strategies were prioritized and finally 8 superior strategies in the field of culture were selected and suggested, and the analysis shows that we are in an aggressive mode in terms of the superior defense power of the region in the cultural field. Therefore, it can be concluded that the first strategy is considered the most appropriate strategy. Therefore, the most appropriate strategy for the cultural dimension of the superior defense power is to connect the current and future generations of the country with the proud generation of the Islamic Revolution through the explanation of the theoretical foundations and epistemology and the development of the experiences gained from the culture of sacred defense with proper planning for conceptualization. It is for posterity

West Asia, due to the current developments of the international system, has caused the countries of the axis of resistance in the region to have great geopolitical importance. This importance due to their geographical connection with the country of Iran can have a great impact on the defense strategies of the Islamic Republic of Iran. The country's defense strategy should be investigated as a research problem; Therefore, in the current research, by using the descriptive-analytical method and in an applied manner, and by using the library method and field research, an attempt has been made to find the military geopolitical factors that are relevant and effective on the formulation of the defense strategy of Iran as the research objective. be identified. For this purpose, in order to determine these factors and explain their role (in the form of opportunistic, threatening, strength and weakness platforms), a two-part questionnaire was prepared and designed in order to confirm the effective factors of military geopolitics and their calculated roles on the development of a defense strategy among the statistical sample population. 50 people were distributed as a whole number and after obtaining the opinion of the statistical sample community, it was analyzed using statistical techniques and methods, and then the research questions were summarized and evaluated, and finally, in the conclusion part and in response to the questions The research, while determining the effective factors of the military geopolitics of the resistance axis countries, to explain the four roles (strength, weakness, opportunity and threat) of these factors which are effective in the formulation of the defense strategy of Iran. Been paid.

the most important element of power in securing national interests is defensive power because of its role in deterrence and against threats . ayatollah khamenei , as the supreme leader and commander - in - chief , is the main role in formulating and explaining the country 's principles and strategies . therefore , knowledge of the thought and defense strategies of imam khamenei should lead us to understand the defensive principles of islamic republic of iran . therefore , the present article seeks to answer this question that what is the intellectual basis of ayatollah khamenei 's defense thought ? in explanation of imam khamenei 's defense strategy , this research , which is based on descriptive - analytical method and referring to their statements , shows that their strategies in three areas of strategy , combat readiness and threats against the threat is extracted from the verses of the holy quran , the infallible imams and imam khomeini 's thought .

Today, the countries of the world are trying to take advantage of geopolitical factors to adopt appropriate strategies in line with their national interests. The Persian Gulf region and its surrounding countries is one of the most sensitive and strategic regions in the world, which is of great importance to its communication, geoeconomic, geopolitical and geostrategic values. This article aims to explain and identify the military geopolitical factors affecting Iran's defense strategies in the Persian Gulf and tries to answer the main question "What are the military geopolitical factors affecting the defense strategies of the Iran in the Persian Gulf?". The type of research, development and method of collecting data and information required by libraries, documents and field is using descriptive-analytical and case-based methods to identify these military factors and to confirm And determine the role of their factors (in the form of opportunities, threats, strengths and weaknesses). In this regard, the relevant questionnaires were distributed among a statistical population of 40 people in full and using descriptive and inferential statistical analysis methods and SPSS software to summarize the research answers. Finally, 18 factors were extracted and introduced as "military power and high quantitative and qualitative capability of the Iranian Armed Forces", "Strategic weapons and missile deterrence of the Islamic Republic of Iran" and "Concluding contracts and military agreements of countries in the region to purchase weapons and equipment" as important. The most important military geopolitical factors affecting the defense strategies of the Iran in the Persian Gulf were ranked.

The relations between the Persian Gulf states and the Zionist regime have had considerable ups and downs, ranging from confrontations to coalition and compromise. Meantime, the historical relations between Iran and this regime took the opposite form, changing from friendship in the Pahlavi period into hostility in the Islamic Republic which was a turning point for the identity separation of the Zionist regime and Iran in 1978. This study seeks to investigate the relations between the Zionist regime and the Persian Gulf states according to the current order to find out its political coordinates and analyze the effects of these relations on the national security of the Islamic Republic of Iran taking its indicators into account. The study has taken the thematic analysis as the research approach. Accordingly, interviews were conducted with a sample of 15 respondents and the statistical population of experts in the field of West Asia, followed by manual coding, summarizing the interviews with the Nvivo software, and extraction of the content. According to the results, the goals of the Zionist regime and Persian Gulf Arab states in the normalization of relations can be expressed under three main themes of the establishment of a security belt against Iran, military goals, and facilitating the compromise process. In contrast, the strategies of the Islamic Republic of Iran in response to security threats can be considered under the three axes of the balance between idealism and realism, expansion of regional cooperation, and the increase in military and national power.

Today, the countries of the world are trying to take advantage of geopolitical factors to adopt appropriate strategies in with their national interests. The Persian Gulf region and its surrounding countries is one of the most sensitive and strategic regions in the world, which is of great importance due to its communication, geo-economic, geopolitical and geostrategic values. Thic article aims to explain the geopolitical economic factors affecting the defense strategies of the Iran in the Persian Gulf and tries to answer the main question "What are the geopolitical economic factors affecting the defense strategies of the Iran in the Persian Gulf?. The type of research, development and method of collecting information required by libraries, documents and field is and by using descriptive-analytical and case-based methods, an attempt has been made to identify these economic factors and to approve them. And determine their factors (in the form of opportunities, opportunities, threats, strengths and weaknesses). In this regard, the relevant questionnaires were distributed statistical population of 40 people in full and using descriptive and inferential statistical analysis methods and SPSS to summarize the research answers. Finally, 26 factors were extracted: "Existence of suitable oil and gas reserves in Iran", "Existence of appropriate oil and gas reserves in the countries of the Persian Gulf region" and "Iran's economic situation due to economic pressure from the United States and other countries in the region were ranked as the most important economic geopolitical factors affecting the defense strategies of the Iran in the Persian Gulf.

Nowadays, the countries around the globe are trying to take advantage of geopolitical factors to implement appropriate strategies according to their national interests. The Persian Gulf region and its neighboring countries is one of the most sensitive and strategic realms in the world, and it is of great importance due to its communication, geo-economic, geopolitical and geostrategic tenets. In this study, it had been tried to examine these factors through the lens of a natural geopolitical factor. This study was a developmental one and employed desk, documentary and field methods to collect data. Using descriptive-analytical and case-based methods after conducting theoretical and geopolitical environmental studies, attempts were made to identify these natural factors and to confirm and determine the role of their factors (in the form of opportunities, threats, strengths and weaknesses). In this respect, the related questionnaires were designed and distributed among a statistical population of 40 participants and then the research questions were summarized and evaluated using descriptive and inferential statistics analysis and SPSS software. Finally, 20 factors were extracted and introduced among which the factors of "Geographical and strategic location of the I.R. of Iran", "Dominance and control (control) of the Strait of Hormuz by the I.R. of Iran through the islands of Hormoz and Lark" and "Appropriate strategic depth of the I.R. of Iran" were categorized as the most significant natural geopolitical ones that influence the defense strategies of the I.R. of Iran in the region of Persian Gulf.

Introduction  :

In recent decades, the coastal states have adopted strategies to exercise sovereignty over their maritime areas. The main goal of these strategies has been to secure national interests and create maritime security. The emergence of security in maritime corridors is related to the coastal countries strategies in the form of international conventions. efficient law navy forces are the main tools in this case. Proper sovereignty over the Strait of Hormuz from a defense point of view, it is a strategic necessity for Iran now and in the future. Therefore, this article tries to ask the question, what is the role of the Strait of Hormuz in the appropriate defense strategy of Iran and what are the geopolitical consequences of the Strait blockade for the interests and national security of Iran?

The type of research is descriptive-analytical and data collection is done in a library manner.After collecting information, relevant data were extracted and analyzed in line with the research question. While explaining the basic concepts of the research, the situation of the Strait of Hormuz has been studied from various aspects and its geopolitical importance in relation to Iran's defense strategies has been pointed out.

The most important findings of this article in order to answer the main question can be expressed in the form of statements such as geopolitical and strategic attractiveness of the Strait of Hormuz, the separation of the Iranian-Oman Sea border in the Strait of Hormuz, the separation of the Strait of Hormuz and Iran's naval defense strategy. He categorized the maritime territories and the Strait of Hormuz.AnalysesThe threat of blocking the Strait of Hormuz and preventing the movement of foreign ships and impeding maritime trade in the Persian Gulf region has been one of the alternative elements in the defense strategy of the Islamic Republic of Iran in recent decades. Threats to close the Strait of Hormuz have been raised many times by the military and some irresponsible people in the country's foreign policy, but the most important threats have been raised on special occasions by some high-ranking officials who have had significant repercussions in the world.The Strait of Hormuz, despite official and unofficial threats, has not been completely blocked so far, but action to prevent the passage of ships of some countries through the Strait of Hormuz can be taken as an occasional and limited action to block the Strait of Hormuz. Considered.If Iran's decision to close the Strait of Hormuz becomes serious and practical, then it will have consequences that will be somewhat irreparable. In the current situation where the country's important ports are located on the shores of the Persian Gulf and also Iranian oil export platforms have been built in the Persian Gulf, the Strait of Hormuz is the vital artery of the country and closing the Strait of Hormuz means cutting this artery.The first consequence of blocking the Strait of Hormuz will be the cessation of Iranian oil sales. Also, cutting off the country's imports through the Strait of Hormuz will be another consequence of the closure of the Strait by the Iranian Navy.

One of the sources of Iran's geopolitical authority and prestige in the region and the world, is the location of the northern part of the strategic Strait of Hormuz in territorial waters and in general this part of the strait belongs to the Islamic Republic of Iran. The dependence of oil and gas producers in the Persian Gulf region and oil and gas consumers in the world on the Strait of Hormuz exceeds its importance beyond a simple international crossing. In such circumstances, what is the country's geopolitical value in the region and the world will grow, there will be lasting security and a safe flow of energy from this strait.

Ways of ensuring security and confronting environmental threats and dangers involves top priorities of government’s decision-making and policymaking. In the meantime, due to the upgrading of soft threats, it is necessary to consider various dimensions of soft power, along with hard power, in pursuing defense and security policies. Countries which make good use of their soft power capacities in their defense policies achieve significant successes in their defense and security without suffering from excessive military costs. Hence, this study is intended to make an attempt to design a model for improving the capacity of soft power in the defense policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran. To do this, the data was collected by survey method (interviews), and qualitative data analysis (grand theory method) was used for data analysis. The statistical population of this study consists of 22 professors, experts, and researchers in the field of this research selected by chain sampling method. The results indicated that the enhancement of soft power capacities in Iranian defense policy can bring about both positive and successful effects and implications in the formulation and implementation of defense policies. It can also result in positive outcomes at national and international levels for the Islamic Republic of Iran.

due to the current developments in the international system, the region of western asia has made the region - based countries have many geopolitical significance. this importance with regard to their geographical continuity with iran has a great impact on the defense strategy. A. it can be noted that in this study, the influence of natural geopolitical factors of these countries has been tried to influence the development of the country's defensive strategy as research issue; therefore, in this study, using descriptive - analytical method and using data collection in library method and field research, the factors of natural geopolitics are related and effective on the formulation of defense strategy J. A. iran as a target of research is identified. in order to determine these factors and explain their role (in the form of تکنیک‌ها beds, تهدیدزا, strength and weakness)the questionnaire was designed and analyzed in order to confirm the effective factors of the natural geopolitics and their احصا roles in determining the effective factors of natural geopolitics and their identified roles, in order to explain the effective factors of the natural geopolitics of countries. A. iran is effective; it has been paid.

The Oman Sea Basin and its surrounding states, including Iran, Pakistan, Oman and the United Arab Emirates, which are part of the Indian Ocean geostrategic domain, are a relatively unknown and neglected environment in various aspects including political, economic, cultural, geopolitical factors It is related to defense issues that the necessity of adopting a defensive strategy in the Oman Sea for the benefit of the nation is inevitable.   On the other hand, the formulation of a favorable defense strategy requires a detailed understanding of the geopolitical factors of this area, especially in the context of the geopolitical factors concerned and their impact on the country's defense strategy and relations with other players in the field. Therefore, in the present study, it has been attempted to use geopolitical, economic, cultural and military factors influencing the formulation of a descriptive analytical and applied method after conducting theoretical and environmental studies on the southeastern coast of Iran and the coasts of the Oman Sea countries. The defense strategy of the Islamic Republic of Iran was identified and after consulting with some experts related to the subject and obtaining their opinion, a questionnaire with 19 closed questions and one open ended question was designed and designed, then a research questionnaire among experts and community experts. The sample size of 34 individuals was estimated to be integer d.  In conclusion and in response to the research question, the most influential political, economic, cultural and military geopolitical factors of the south east coast of the country in the Oman Sea that influence the formulation of the Islamic Republic of Iran's defense strategy, in terms of their average priority and weight The effective political, economic, cultural and military geopolitical factors have been identified.

Geopolitical factors have impact on Islamic Republic of Iran’s defense strategy including all factors in the framework of geography, politics and power. Based on literature, geopolitical factors are consisted of six categories namely natural, human and cultural, economic, political, military and scientific and technological. This paper only focuses on the military factor. The research was carried out as a type of applied developmental one based on field case study methodology. Data collection was through fieldwork and deskwork with a sample size of 73 which were analyzed using expert analysis methods. The aim of this research is achieving the role of military geopolitical factors in defense and security strategy of Islamic Republic of Iran originated from Iraq. Iraq is not a threat for Iran presently. The main enemies are USA and Takfiri terrorist groups who threaten Iran using the space and geography of Iraq. The conclusions imply that 21 military geopolitical factors have impact on Iran’s defense strategy in the framework of strengthening, weakening, opportunistic and threatening context. Data analysis shows that 4 factors have role but are not effective, 3 factors have both features simultaneously. After calculation of strategic positioning it was concluded that Islamic Republic of Iran is in the mild aggressive position. Using the opportunities and strengths the weaknesses and threats can be overcame.

Hezbollah and Syria's strategic relationship, despite its ups and downs, has been one of the most enduring regional strategic relationships in recent decades. But the emergence of the Syrian crisis since 2011 in the context of the civil war has deepened and expended these strategic relationships, as far as, Hezbollah has played a vital role in maintaining the structure of the Syrian government since the crisis unfolded. As a result, the role and position of Lebanon’s Hezbollah in Syria's defense strategy after the crisis in Syria Has become important. In this regard, this research has centered its review on answering this central question, what was the position of Lebanon’s Hezbollah in the Syrian defense strategy during the Syrian crisis from 2011 to 2018? The research findings are based on this that in Syrian Crisis from 2011 until 2018, Lebanon’s Hezbollah as a non-governmental actor in the region and in line with Iran's strategy played a significant role in the Syrian government's defense Strategy against internal conflict groups and interfering regional and global powers. So that, it has become one of the main pillars of the Syrian government's defense strategy. Also, Hezbollah as a powerful and efficient tool, It has contributed greatly to strengthening the Syrian government's defense policy. So that, it has failed to make any predictions that the Syrian government would be overthrown. The research method in this study is descriptive-analytical and the data collection method is library and internet resources

Security is the most important goal and concern of any government, without which there will be no progress and development in a society. In fact, the mutation and evolution of society will not be possible without considering security. In this regard, the most basic dimension of security is military security, to ensure this type of security, the country has a proper and codified defense strategy is a key condition. Therefore, one of the main components of an effective defense strategy is for the country to benefit from advanced and deterrent military-weapons capabilities in order to ensure national security and interests. One of the issues that can be effective in the direction of international security is the issue of disarmament and arms control; However, since in the international arena, treaties relating to disarmament and arms control have been developed by world powers in the national interest, it is essential that these treaties be viewed from a critical perspective. To this end, the Islamic Republic of Iran, as an active regional and trans-regional actor, considering the importance of disarmament and arms control in order to ensure security and national interests, has tried to actively participate in international processes, not only from To prevent the unequal enactment of laws, but to provide the necessary and favorable environment for the realization of the countrychr('39')s interests. Findings of the article show that the Islamic Republic of Iran has adjusted its defense strategy based on conventional deterrence due to its values, scholastic principles and Islamic-Iranian beliefs, upstream sources and documents. Therefore, in this regard, the Islamic Republic of Iran has rejected any production and use of weapons of mass destruction (nuclear, chemical and microbial) and has based its military authority on upgrading conventional military capabilities with a defensive approach.

Geopolitical factors comprise all factors that influence the defense strategy of I.R. of Iran in terms of geography, politics and power. These factors are similar to the dimensions of national power and play a significant role in selecting the type of defense strategy. Therefore, geopolitical factors dictate and then a defense strategy is formulated based on it. In this paper geopolitical factors have eight dimensions: Natural, human, economic, domestic and foreign policies, military, cultural, and technological. This research is a case-field study with a quantitative approach and is of developmental-applied nature. Data collection was done using field and library methods and the statistical population included 85 individuals, using expertise analytical methods. The aim of this paper is to explore the role of geopolitical factors regarding I.R. of Iran's defense strategy. The results show 51 geopolitical components (8 natural, 5 human, 7 economic, 5 domestic policy, 4 foreign policy, 12 military, 5 cultural, and 5 scientific-technological factors). 12 factors have two roles simultaneously, i.e. the geopolitical factors of Iran have 51 components and 63 roles. In total, these 63 roles include: 34 strengths, 10 weaknesses, 13 opportunities, and 6 threats. After calculating the strategic positioning, it became clear that I.R. of Iran is in a mild offensive position regarding the field of geopolitical factors.