جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « Urban life » در نشریات گروه « علوم اجتماعی »

This research examines the semantic understanding of Semiram farmers regarding water scarcity. The grounded theory research method, a systematic approach, was used to achieve this objective. The research participants consisted of Semiram farmers. The sampling method employed was purposeful, resulting in 25 farmers being interviewed using a semi-structured interview format. The interviews were analyzed using the three-step coding method of grounded theory. The findings revealed that several causal conditions contribute to water scarcity in Semiram, including changing patterns, inefficient governance, and climate changes. To address water scarcity, farmers have proposed three strategies: strengthening traditions of cooperation, fostering an environmental culture, and promoting alternative industrialism. The realization of these strategies is influenced by economic policies and water resources management. Economic individualism and limited financial resources act as hindering factors for coping strategies related to water scarcity. According to the farmers' perspective, the consequences of implementing these strategies include economic life reconstruction, social life reconstruction, and environmental life reconstruction. Furthermore, individual-institutional inefficiency and cooperation emerge as central categories in the farmers' semantic understanding of water scarcity in Semiram. The result showed that water scarcity is under the influence of both individual and institutional categories. Therefore, the strategies to face it are also individual-institutional and the consequences of these strategies are also the same.

Social tolerance is one of the basic elements of healthy social relations. The present study examines the relationship between the feeling of social security, religiosity, and the feeling of social inequality with social tolerance. The research method is a survey and the statistical population includes 1454186 citizens over 20 years of age living in Isfahan city in 1399-1400. The sample size was calculated using Gpower software to be 461 people which was randomly selected by the stratified sampling method according to the characteristics of the statistical population based on the socio-economic The findings show that the average social tolerance of the citizens was at the low end of the studied spectrum. The results of the Pearson correlation test show that there is a significant and direct relationship between the variables of social security feeling (0.345) and religiosity (0.308) with the social tolerance variable, and there is a significant relationship between the social inequality feeling variable (-0.308) and the social tolerance variable. And there is the opposite. Based on the results obtained from the structural equation model, it can be said that there is a significant relationship between the variables of feeling of social security and feeling of social inequality with the variable of social tolerance according to the developed conceptual model are in a structural relationship. in the case of religiosity, was not significant on social tolerance. The variable of feeling of social security has explained the highest amount of variance in promoting social tolerance with a direct effect (0.28).

This study deals with the problem of urban life in north Caucasus as a significant component of the region's' social history. Concentrated on Darband (Derbent) as an archaic and long-lasted town, and applying a causal explanative approach, it investigates the relationship between the geographical situation of this town, the contribution of nomadic people and Caspian marine trade in developments of the social life of this ancient town. The main focus is on 17th and 18th century, however, it sheds some light on previous times as well. The main question which this study aims to provide an answer is that what causes and obstacles deprived the region of a glorifying, lasting and well-developed urban life. Its seems that the peripheral situation of Darband in the northern corner of Persian empires, while provided it with a kind of urban life within the politics of frontier management and constructing fortifications, caused a frustrating condition which hindered its urban development. The main cause of this frustration was the presence of a multitude of nomadic peoples who were living in north Caucasian steppes and mountainous areas in the nearby. This nomadic people, a large number of whom were living in Daghestan, were ready to be employed by the rival powers and in most periods invaded the town. Yet, the fact that Darband throughout its long history enjoyed an excellent geographical situation in north-western corner of the Caspian see, made it possible to hold its limited urban life.

This paper aims to clarify the relationships between religion, consumption and everyday life. In doing so and relying on new social science theories and key relevant scholars we have identified the interconnections between these concepts and have evaluated their importance in contemporary world from different points of views. Drawing on a plural and multidimensional approach, the joint cause and preoccupation of religion and consumption to create a meaningful life has been discussed. we suggest that the modern life subject has been rather represented as an entity capable of constructing this/her own identity. Religion and consumption as manifested in the forms of religiosity and consumerism forces seek to enjoy the exclusive rights to interpret and make meaning of everyday life and thereby to provide identity for a metropolitan subject.  The paper ends reviewing plural, complex and ambiguous and irreducible dimensions of the relationship religion and consumption pose in everyday urban life.

The conditions of today’s urban life have made the citizens’ needs dramatically intricate and diverse. Conducting need assessments in cities is a measure to identify the citizens' important needs, pave the way for the meeting these needs, and identify the constant changes made in the urban life. The review and analysis of the needs assessments in cities having been conducted so far can be used as a means of introducing the best methods of carrying out needs assessment. To achieve the given purpose, this study has made an attempt to identify the methodological and conceptual weaknesses of the needs assessments carried out so far and offers some practical suggestions for improving the future needs assessments. This study is based on document analysis and systematic review of the previous studies. The methodological weaknesses found in the studied needs assessments in cities were as follows: the scope of the samples under the investigation and the aims of the analyses did not exactly match the methodologies; the surveys were limited to some closed questions; the data collection methods were not adequately justified and explained; the sampling techniques used for the studies were not appropriate; and the ways of extracting the concept of the needs were not faultless. A comprehensive approach for the classification of the urban needs based on the prevailing needs assessment models is conclusively suggested because both the citizens’ mentalities and objective goal-oriented models are to a great extent, if not fully, included in this approach.

This article tries to examine the emergence of non-places in Kermanshah and its consequences. Article’s theoretical approach is based on the ideas of Marc Augé. In his view, Super modernity generates non-places, in which memory, stable social relationships, and identities cannot be formed. The research applies qualitative method. Results show that despite the fact that in the 1960s the city of Kermanshah was a place, the emergence of informal settlements, war and privatization of public sphere, disappearance of cinemas, decline of old neighborhoods, replacement of streets and squares with highways and non-same level intersections, have turned the city into a large non-place in which urban life has faded away. This phenomenon has brought the citizens disorientation, unwillingness to participate and violence. To date, neither developers and planners nor the people of Kermanshah have carried out the process of building place and regenerating urban life.

The purpose of this research is to explore some of the indicators of a women-friendly city، applying the opinions of women of different socio-economic statuses and social types. This research is descriptive and qualitative in nature. We use the ethnography as our method and our technique for data collection is problem-oriented interview. The statistical population is a group of women aged between18 and 50 who have lived in Tehran during the last 5 years. The non-probabilistic and judgmental sampling is employed and the sample consists of 19 women. The results of this research indicate that، according to the interviewees، 8 features can make Tehran a women-friendly city: Safe Tehran، convenient Tehran، active Tehran، participatory Tehran، leisurely Tehran، fair Tehran، beautiful Tehran and child-friendly Tehran. Furthermore، we find that social type and socio-economic status do not make a significant difference to women’s comments about a city women-friendliness. Rather، it is the three types of status، i. e. housekeeping، employment، and motherhood which differentiate women’s views، needs، and concerns considering the issue of urban life.