جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « Skin » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Microemulsions (MEs) and nanoemulsions (NEs) are dispersions of two immiscible liquids which are usually transparent/translucent. Several reports are available on uses of MEs/NEs to increase efficacy of the loaded active ingredient(s) in topical dosage forms. This review aims to describe brief applications of MEs/NEs in common skin diseases as well as skincare products. Advantages of MEs/NEs in comparison with the traditional bulk form, including their improved efficacy and safety, have been discussed to highlight the importance of use of such delivery systems. The review briefs mechanism of action of MEs/NEs in enhancing delivery of the cargo. Furthermore, applications of MEs/NEs in common skin diseases including infectious rashes, pigmentation disorders (hyperpigmentaion and hypopigmentation), wound healing, skin cancers and scaling patches and plaques/papulosquamous disorders (psoriasis, atopic dermatitis and acne) have been discussed. MEs/NEs in skin care products have also been reviewed here.

Natural skin care products, as health & beauty products, have formulations derived from natural active ingredients. Cosmetic actives have been incorporated into their novel formulations such as sunscreens and anti-aging products, but the challenges associated with their low solubility, low penetration, and physicochemical instability upon dermal application remain unresolved. To overcome these limitations, one method is to use lipid-based carriers, which have been recognized for their crucial role in enhancing their low solubility, increasing skin permeation, and enhancing steadiness. This review study focuses on current advancements in skin care formulations that employ a new nanotechnology-based system consisting of solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs).

In this review, we mentioned some experiments that have investigated the dermal applications of some natural products incorporated in SLNs formulation and discussed moisturizing, wound healing, sun protection, whitening and anti-tyrosinase, anti-aging and anti-acne activities.

The nanoparticles such as SLNs are used to effectively deliver cosmeceuticals and enhance the efficiency of skin care products.

The skin is a barrier between the human body and the external environment and protects the body against external chemical and physical factors. Despite major advances in wound treatment, wound healing remains one of the most important challenges ahead. Some medicinal plants with anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and antioxidant properties are effective in healing and repairing wounds. The present study is a review of medicinal plants that are used in the ethnobotanical knowledge of western Iran for wound healing in skin wounds.

In this study, the keywords of medicinal plants, wound healing, skin wound, West Azerbaijan, East Azerbaijan, Kurdistan, Kermanshah, Ilam, Khuzestan and ethnobotany were used to search for articles. The investigated databases were Google Scholar, SID, Megaran, PubMed, Scopus. Related ethnobotanical articles were used to review the texts.

Based on the obtained results, it was determined that medicinal plants such as Sisymbrium sophia L, Fumaria officinalis L., Plantago major L., Alcea spp., Urtica spp., Astragalus gossypinus Fischer., Fumaria officinalis, Iperata cylindrica (L.), Polygonum aviculare L., Sanguisorba minor Scop., Alcea angulata, Aristolochia olivieri, Calendula persica, Citrullus colocynthis, Fumaria parviflora, Nerium oleander, Scrophularia striata, Allium schoenoprasum, Ixiolirion tataricum, Thymus Kotchyanous, Adonis aestivalis, Cardaria draba, Althaea officinalis, Beta vulgaris , Carthamus tinetorius L., Chrysanthemum coronarium, Helianthus annus L., Matricaria recutita L. and Vicia sativa are medicinal plants that heal wounds in these areas.

Medicinal plants and plant derivatives due to the presence of antioxidant compounds and secondary medicinal compounds such as tannins, anthocyanins, flavon, flavonoids, phenols and also less side effects than chemical drugs and species diversity in the treatment of skin wounds and Reports of their traditional effects in the treatment of wounds present them as an inexpensive and effective choice for wound healing. The need for more pharmacological and clinical studies to produce wound healing drugs seems necessary and necessary.

Synthetic and natural polymer scaffolds can be used to design wound dressing for repairing the damaged skin tissue. This study investigated acute wound healing process using a decellularized skin scaffold and MEF.

Mouse skin fragments were decellularized and evaluated by DNA content, toxicity, H&E staining, Raman confocal microscopy, Masson’s trichrome staining, SEM, and biodegradation assays. The fragments were recellularized by the MEFs, and cell attachment and penetration were studied. De- and decellularized scaffolds were used wound dressings in mouse acute wound models as two experimental groups. Using morphological and immunohistochemical assessments, wound healing was evaluated and compared among the experimental and control groups.

DNA content of the decellularized tissue significantly reduced compared to the native control group (7% vs. 100%; p < 0.05). ECM components, e.g. collagen types I, III, and IV, elastin, and glycosaminoglycan, were well preserved in the decellularized group. The porosity and fiber arrangement in the stroma had a structure similar to normal skin tissue. A significant reduction in healing time was observed in the group treated with a decellularized scaffold. A thicker epidermis layer was observed in the recovered tissue in both experimental groups compared to the control group. Immunostaining showed a positive reaction for CD31 as an endothelial marker in both experimental groups, confirming new vascularization in these groups.

Using MEFs with decellularized skin as a wound dressing increases the rate of wound healing and also the formation of new capillaries. This system could be beneficial for clinical applications in the field of tissue engineering.

Ferroptosis, an oxidative and iron-dependent cell death, is a new type of regulated cell death. There are few studies on the mechanisms of ferroptosis in the skin and related diseases. Arsenic is shown to induce ferroptosis cell death. This study aimed to decipher the relationship between arsenic exposure and ferroptosis cell death in the skin.

Arsenic-gene interactions were obtained. Then, skin-specific arsenic-gene interactions were screened. Ferroptosis-related genes were identified. Analysis of functional and biological interactions was performed to identify possible mechanisms.

The arsenic-gene interactions and the ferroptosis-related genes showed an overlap of 59 genes. Functional enrichment, protein-protein interaction, and transcription factor (TF)/miRNA target gene interaction analyses were used to look into the mechanism of arsenic-induced ferroptosis in the skin. ACTB, CTNNB1, HSPA8, SRC, RACK1, CD44, and SQSTM1were identified as key proteins. Gene ontology analysis of these proteins indicated the mitochondrial morphology and functionality changes following arsenic-induced ferroptosis in the skin. HIF1A and SP1 TFs regulate a large number of genes compared to other TFs. Ten miRNAs with high interaction with ferroptosis-associated genes were identified.

This work investigated the mechanism of arsenic-induced ferroptosis in the skin and identified key genes and regulators, and functional analysis highlighted the role of mitochondria in this skin exposure

High-resolution ultrasound imaging is a non-invasive and objective appraisal. Ultrasound imaging accomplishes the target assessment and follow-up of radiation-induced skin injury. The study aimed to investigate the complete anatomical and structural alternations of acute wound healing in skin tissue radiation injury after cell therapy with high-frequency ultrasound imaging techniques.

Female guinea pigs (250 g) were divided into 3 groups: (a) controls, consisting of non-treated guinea pigs; (b) radiation-treated; (c) radiation-treated receiving adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Acute radiation-induced skin injury was induced by a single fraction of X-ray irradiation of 60Gy to a 3.0×3.0-cm area with a 1.3-cm bolus on 100-cm SSD in the abdominal skin tissue. Ultrasonic imaging of the depth and quality of healing in the skin tissue was performed by processing ultrasound images at 40-MHz and 75-MHz frequencies.

Skin thickness indicated a significant difference between the treatment and control groups on Day 10 after 60 Gy irradiation (P<0.05). The highest skin thickness was observed in the irradiated group, and the lowest skin thickness was found in the stem cell treatment group.

Evaluation of skin thickness, wound depth, and scar formation is important for the proper assessment and management of wound healing in stem cell therapy of radiation-induced skin damage. High-resolution ultrasound at 40- and 75-MHz frequencies is a major non-invasive method providing unprecedented insight into determining the characterization of the skin, particularly in the context of wound healing.

Cutaneous manifestations of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are not uncommon and can be the presenting sign of the disease. We aimed to investigate the cutaneous manifestations in COVID-19 patients. This cross-sectional study was performed on COVID-19 patients referred to Shohada-e Tajrish and Modarres hospitals, Tehran, Iran, from January 1, 2021 to March 31, 2021. Patients with cutaneous lesions were included in the study; if needed, patients were visited in person, and a biopsy was taken. Of the 100 COVID-19 patients in this study, with a mean age of 45.53 ± 17.75 years, 37 (37%) were males. The most common cutaneous manifestation was urticaria (21%), followed by maculopapular eruptions (17%), petechiae/purpura (15%), pityriasis rosea-like lesions (15%), erythema multiforme (7%), pernio (6%), Vesicles/pseudovesicles/bullae (5%), and others (24%). Most lesions were erythematosus (87.63%). Legs (40%) were most frequently involved. The most common accompanying symptom was pruritus (52%), followed by burning sensations (18%) and pain (7%). Six patients had mucosal lesions; these lesions were the only mucocutaneous manifestations in three of them. Skin biopsies were taken from 11 patients, revealing epidermal changesin 10 (90.9%), dermal changes in 7 (63.6%), mucin deposition in 1 (9.1%), perivascular lymphocyte infiltration in 10 (90.9%), and neutrophil infiltration in 1 (9.1%). The frequency of skin manifestations was relatively high in this study, with urticaria as the most common cutaneous presentation of COVID-19. Special attention must be paid to the cutaneous lesions of COVID-19.

The advanced glycation end product (AGE) is produced from the nonenzymatic reaction between glucose and macromolecules by aging. Accumulation of AGE causes functional and structural changes in body proteins that lead to impairment of tissue protein functions. We aimed to validate AGE measurement by skin autofluorescence (SAF) in diabetes mellitus (DM)compared to the nondiabetes population.

We searched the PubMed, Cochrane, and Scopus databases from their inception till September 18, 2022, for casecontrol studies measuring AGE by SAF. Nonhuman studies, as well as review articles, study proposals, editorials, case reports, or congress posters, were excluded. We used a random effects model to assess the standard mean difference (MD) of age,body mass index (BMI), HbA1c, and SAF between diabetes and nondiabetes individuals.

Higher SAF in DM patients indicated more accumulation of AGE compared with the nondiabetic population. Furthermore, HbA1c was considerably higher in DM patients. The MD of age, male gender, and BMI were significantly different between the DM individuals, compared with nondiabetic subjects, which can lead to altered SAF level and AGE production. There was a remarkable heterogeneity between diabetes and nondiabetes when measuring age, gender, and BMI, as well as HbA1c and SAF level.

This study could not confirm the validity of SAF as a surrogate marker in diabetes patients. Interestingly, metabolic load and high BMI can increase SAF, considerably. Altogether, SAF could be helpful in the future as a marker for metabolic syndrome or diabetes.

The Asian House Gecko (Hemidactylus frenatus), one of the most ubiquitous lizards in the world, is characterized by its pantropical distribution and is heavily populated in Iraqi homes. The present study was conducted with the aim of histomorphological examination of the dorsal skin of Hemidactylus farnatus in Iraq.

Ten Hemidactylus frenatus were examined, which were gathered from various parts of the Najaf Province, Iraq. They were fixed by adhesive and were killed by chloroform. The skin was investigated by histological technique and light microscopy.

The epidermis and dermis were examined in vertical sections of the skin. In comparison to the ventral region, the dorsal region's skin was more keratinized and rougher.

In Hemidactylus frenatus, the epidermis is covered in overlapping, flattened scales all over the body. The epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous layer make up the majority of the dorsal skin's three layers. In the basal layer of the epidermis, massive, dendritic black melanophores are observed. The horizontally arranged brownish granule-containing iridophores are adjacent to the basement membrane of the epidermis.

Granulomatous skin lesions are characterized by aggregation of activated histiocytes. Granulomatous skin lesions are classified as xanthomatous, necrobiotic, tuberculoid, sarcoidal, and foreign body types. This study evaluates the clinicopathological features of patients with granulomatous skin lesions. We conducted a cross-sectional study of 232 skin biopsies diagnosed as granulomatous skin lesions over ten years from patients referred to Afzalipour Hospital, Kerman, Iran. Demographics, clinical features of lesions, and pathological characteristics were recorded. Then, the correlation of the final diagnosis with the demographic and clinical features of the patients was assessed via the independent t-test and chi-squared test. Most patients were in their third decade of life, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.05 to 1. The most common types of granuloma were tuberculoid (60.3%), necrobiotic (12.5 %), and foreign body type (11.2%). Infectious disease was the most common cause of granulomatous lesions (64.2 %); leishmaniasis constituted approximately 96% of cases. The most common causes of noninfectious granulomatous skin diseases were foreign body granuloma (26.2%), granuloma annulare (23.2%), and xanthogranuloma (12.1%). There was a significant correlation between dermatologic disease type and disease duration (P = 0.024). In the current study, the most common type of granuloma was tuberculoid, followed by necrobiotic and foreign body type granulomas. Infectious diseases were the most common cause of granulomatous skin lesions. Furthermore, the most common granulomatous skin diseases were leishmaniasis, foreign body granuloma, and granuloma annulare. The least common granulomatous skin lesions were sporotrichosis and gout.

Complications of chemotherapy most commonly involve highly proliferative cells, including the skin and its appendages and mucosa. This study evaluated mucocutaneous complications of chemotherapy in children with cancer. This descriptive cross-sectional study involved 92 children who received chemotherapy at the Pediatric Oncology Ward of Afzalipour Hospital, Kerman, Iran, between September 2018 and March 2019. Demographic and clinical features of the patients were collected by history, physical examination, and laboratory tests (biopsy, fungal and bacterial smears if necessary). Frequency and percentage were used for qualitative analysis. Mean ± standard deviation was used for quantitative analysis. The mean age of patients was 6.60 ± 3.70 years (range 1 to 16 years). More than half of the patients (55.4%) were males. The most common malignancy was acute lymphocytic lymphoma (ALL). More than half of the children (60%) had mucocutaneous complications due to chemotherapy; these were significantly more common in boys than girls (70.6% vs. 48.8%). The mean age of children with mucocutaneous complications (7.41 ± 3.98) was significantly higher than those without complications (5.33 ± 2.84). The most common mucocutaneous side effects were, in order, alopecia, mucositis, and skin infections. We found that side effects of chemotherapy weresignificantly more common in older children, boys, and childrenwith leukemia. Vincristine was the most common culprit.

Many people suffer from skin photodamage, especially photoaging. The application of a laser to repair damages is a common therapeutic method that is used widely. In the present study, the effectiveness and molecular mechanism of an Er:Glass non-ablative fractional laser on the human skin was assessed via bioinformatics and network analysis.

Thegene expression profiles of 17 white female forearm skins which received an Er:Glass non-ablative fractional laser before and after laser treatment in two sessions were extracted from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Data were evaluated via GEO2R and the significant differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were assessed via protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis. The central nodes were identified and discussed for the compared set of samples.

Five classes of samples were clustered in two categories: first, baseline, 7 and 14 days after the first session of laser treatment, and second, one day after the first laser session, 29 days after the first laser session, and 1 day after the second laser session. The gross cell functions such as cell division and cell cycle and immune response were highlighted as the early affected targets of the laser. Collagen synthesis was resulted after the first laser session.

In conclusion, the time interval between laser sessions plays a critical role in the effectiveness of laser therapy. Findings indicate that the gross effect of laser application appears in a short time, and important processes such as collagen synthesis happen later.

 The skin is the largest organ of the body and provides the main barrier between the internal and external environment. Assessment of skin permeability is of critical importance for understanding and predicting in vivo efficacy and bioavailability of bioactive phenolic compounds.

 This study investigated the relationship between skin permeability and phenolic compounds using in silico methods.

 Screening of skin permeability was performed on 475 randomly selected phenolic compounds. Molecules were expressed in SMILE format downloaded from Phenol-Explorer Database (version 3.6, 2016). Then, their skin permeability was determined by the linear model of the quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR). The obtained results were investigated for normal distribution and correlation with pharmacological properties.

 Our investigation showed that ferulate hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives were the most important phenolic subclass with a permeability of -1.65 cm/s. The relationship between permeability and lipophilicity, water solubility, synthetic accessibility, and bioavailability was evaluated. The statistical analysis revealed that the highest skin permeability was associated with three parameters: the topological polar surface area (TPSA), molecular weight, and lipophilicity (iLog P).

 The cutaneous permeability depended on several chemical parameters of the molecule used. The classification of phenolic compounds according to their structures proved a wide variability in this permeability.