جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « Veterans » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

 Spouses of veterans face many psychological problems, so it is necessary to use different methods to manage the care of veterans and their spouses.

 This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the extended parallel process model (EPPM) on the self-efficacy of spouses of veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

 The present study was semi-experimental research carried out by control and intervention groups with a pre-test and post-test design. Thirty veterans' spouses were selected randomly and divided into two groups: the control group (15 people) and the group trained with EPPM (15 people). The intervention type was the training, and the method of implementation of the intervention was holding six sessions. The training was based on EPPM; each session was 30 to 40 minutes. The parenting self-agency measure (PSAM) questionnaire evaluated the self-efficacy variable before and after the intervention. Finally, the results were analyzed using statistical tests in the SPSS software Version 21 environment at the significance level (α = 0.05).

 The independent samples t-test showed that the self-efficacy level before the intervention was not significantly different among all two study groups (P=0.18). At the same time, this difference was significant after the intervention (P<0.001). In addition, based on the paired samples t-test, there was no significant difference in the level of self-efficacy in the pre-and post-intervention steps for the control group (P=0.89). At the same time, the above-mentioned subject had a significant difference for the group of trained with EPPM (P<0.001).

 Based on the results, the EPPM Model had a significant positive effect on the self-efficacy of spouses of veterans with PTSD. Therefore, the model above should be implemented continuously to improve how veteran care is managed and planned for veterans' spouses.

Disability arising from amputation is intricately shaped by both social factors and rehabilitative care. The efficacy of veterans' self-care emerges as a pivotal factor in effectively managing, controlling, and reducing complications, thereby augmenting and enriching their overall quality of life. This research delves into the creation, execution, and assessment of a comprehensive self-care software tailored for amputees, with a focus on harnessing the practical utility of smartphones and their manifest capabilities in the realm of healthcare.

In 2023, an applied developmental study was conducted, encompassing the evaluation, design, development, implementation, and assessment of a mobile application dedicated to the self-care management of veterans with amputations. The mobile application's conception unfolded within the Android Studio environment, utilizing the Java programming language within the Android operating system. A user interface satisfaction questionnaire was used to gauge the app's usability, with feedback from 20 veterans experiencing amputations.

The needs assessment for a comprehensive self-care software tailored for amputation veterans identified requisites across four distinct sectors. Building upon these insights, a holistic self-care software solution was meticulously designed. Evaluating usability and user satisfaction revealed that veterans rated the app at a "good" level, with an average score of 7.88±1.03 (out of 9).

The mobile application proved apt in content, functionality, and quality, presenting a valuable tool for enhancing the lifestyle, education, and self-care practices of veterans with amputations. This conclusion stems from a thorough usability evaluation from the end-users' perspective.

Lung complications are a common issue among chemical warfare veterans, highlighting the need to strengthen their respiratory systems. This study aimed to explore the impact of a 24-session aerobic exercise program on the lung volumes and capacities of chemical warfare veterans.

This quasi-experimental study was conducted in 2023 using a pre-test and post-test design. Seventeen chemical warfare veterans with a disability rating of 25-35% were selected through purposive and convenience sampling methods and randomly divided into two groups: experimental (10 participants) and control (7 participants). The experimental group underwent an interval aerobic exercise regimen at 45-60% of heart rate reserve, three times per week for eight weeks. Lung functions were assessed using the Lung Test 1000 spirometry device. Repeated measures statistics analyzed the differences between pre-test and post-test results.

Aerobic exercise significantly increased vital capacity (p=0.007), peak inspiratory flow (p<0.001), peak expiratory flow (p=0.016), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (p=0.017), maximum voluntary ventilation (p<0.001), and peak expiratory flow rates at 75% (p<0.001), 50% (p=0.001), and 25% (p=0.007). However, it did not significantly affect the ratio of forced vital capacity to forced expiratory volume in 1 second (p=0.960) or forced expiratory flow from 25 to 75% (p=0.690).

Aerobic exercises in chemical veterans improve lung volumes and capacities.

This study aimed to look into the scientific literature's shifting position on the right to health and human rights-based approaches to health among Indonesian war veterans.

This systematic review examined the global literature on the right to health or human rights-based approaches to war veterans' health. PRISMA guidelines for Grant and Booth typology of reviews as systematic reviews. Indonesian veterans uphold several of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights principles in their constitution and even use them in medicine. Literature studies use qualitative methods and a constructivist theoretical approach to gather data from books, reports, news articles, and journal articles.

There were notable variations in how human rights frameworks and procedures are implemented for war veterans in the medical field. There were compelling reasons to approach health from a human rights standpoint, but as examining various human rights guidelines demonstrated, doing so risks undermining the right to health. Undermining the right to health jeopardized the right to health and rights-based approaches to health because the right to health had significant and distinct characteristics that other rights did not.

To ensure the realization of the right to health, the state must be responsible and involve all relevant stakeholders, including the general public and non-governmental organizations.

The present study aimed to determine veterans' mental health indicators based on the Item Response Theory.
Information &

474 veterans participated in this instrumental-psychometric study. The quality of life (SF-12), mental disorders checklist (SCL-90), and daily activities (Bartel) tools were used for data gathering. The data was analyzed using the DETECT method and multivalued Item response theory models. Likelihood indicators and Akaike’s information criterion were used to model data fit.

The mean age of the veterans was 53.4±35.2 years. 266 veterans had physical injuries, and 208 (43.9%) had mental health problems in addition to physical injuries. The mean of items was 3.92 to 2.30. The highest experimental reliability was related to the Neuroticism dimension (0.91). The levels of dimension information were 3±, and the neuroticism dimension had the best level of information compared to other dimensions.

The questionnaire on mental health indicators has four dimensions, and the questionnaire items, with adequate experimental reliability, can give information at all levels of ability.

People with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) from war have more severe symptoms when combined with other chronic disorders, worsening their condition.

The present study aimed to investigate the effects of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) therapy and computer-based cognitive rehabilitation on the cognitive bias of veterans with PTSD.

This was a quasi-experimental study with pretest, posttest, follow-up, and a control group. The statistical population included all the veterans under the Foundation of Martyrs and Veterans Affairs coverage of Ahvaz, Iran, in 2021. After the necessary examinations, 45 eligible participants were randomly assigned to two experimental groups and one control group (15 participants per group) after the necessary coordination. The experimental groups separately received EMDR therapy and computer-based cognitive rehabilitation, whereas the control group received no intervention. Repeated measures ANOVA in SPSS-24 was used for data analysis.

The results showed that compared to the control group, EMDR and computer-based cognitive rehabilitation interventions significantly influenced the cognitive bias of veterans with PTSD (P < 0.001). Moreover, cognitive bias scores from the posttest and follow-up significantly differed from those from the pretest (P < 0.001).

Since EMDR and computer-based cognitive rehabilitation improved cognitive bias in veterans with PTSD, these methods are recommended for improving their psychological characteristics.

This research has been conducted to investigate the effects of eight weeks of sports exercises in water on sleep disturbance and alexithymia in inactive veterans.
Materials &

This semi-experimental study with a pre-test/post-test control group design was conducted in the Spring of 2023. The research statistical population consisted of all non-athlete veterans, over 25% of anatomy being disabled (inactive) in Ilam city, Iran, among whom 28 individuals were selected by available and voluntary sampling and were divided randomly into two groups; experimental and control. Standard sleep quality questionnaires of Pittsburgh (1989) and Toronto Alexithymia (1994) were used to collect data. For analyzing the data, univariate and multivariate analysis of covariance was employed in SPSS 24 software.

Before the exercise intervention, there were no significant differences in sleep disturbance and alexithymia between the experimental and control groups, and the two groups were homogeneous. However, after the exercise intervention, improvements in sleep disturbance and alexithymia were observed in the experimental group compared to the control group (p≤0.05).

Sports exercises in water have a negative impact on sleep disturbance and alexithymia in the veteran population.

The aim of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of an educational package containing the ability to enjoy, the well-being of PERMA, and the perspective of time on the vitality of the children of veterans.
Materials &

The current semi-experimental research with the pre-test post-test and follow-up design and a control group was done on 72 high school students with veteran parents in the academic year 2022-20233 in Isfahan City. The samples were selected by purposeful sampling and randomly assigned to three experimental groups (18 people each) and a control group (18 people). Those in the experimental groups participated in parallel and simultaneous training sessions on the ability to enjoy, PERMA well-being, and time perspective and the the control group received no intervention. Data were collected by the Academic Vitality Questionnaire by Dehghanizadeh and Chari (2019). To analyze the data, repeated-measures analysis of variance and Bonferroni post hoc test were used.

There was a significant difference in academic vitality, ability to enjoy, PERMA well-being, and time perspective between the three experimental groups and the control group (p<0.05), but no significant difference was found between the three experimental groups (p>0.05).

The findings of this research emphasize the importance of paying attention to the academic vitality of children of veterans and have important practical implications for educational interventions useful for them.

Families of war veterans continue to experience the consequences of war, including psychological and emotional impacts, years after the end of the conflict. This study aimed to explore the experiences of adult offsprings of war veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder.
Participants &

This research employed a qualitative research method using a content analysis approach. Nine adult offsprings of war veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder were interviewed. Data were collected through semi-structured in-depth interviews and analyzed using a contractual approach based on the Graneheim & Lundman model. Lincoln and Guba's criteria confirmed the research's validity and reliability.

The initial coding and formation of meaningful units led to data classification into 13 subcategories based on commonalities. Ultimately, five main categories were identified; an unsafe childhood, witnessing endless suffering due to their father's condition, challenges in their mother's life, empathy with their father, and fears, anxieties, and mental struggles.

Adult offsprings of war veterans experience various challenging events that significantly impact their quality of life.

People traumatized by wars develop posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and have low distress tolerance or emotional perception.

The present study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) therapy in response inhibition and cognitive flexibility of veterans with PTSD.

This quasi-experimental research adopted a pretest-posttest follow-up control group design. The statistical population included all the veterans supported by the Foundation of Martyrs and Veterans Affairs (FMVA) in Ahvaz, Khuzestan Province (Iran) in 2021. The purposive sampling method was employed to select 30 veterans who visited the psychological service centers affiliated with the FMVA of Ahvaz. They were then randomly assigned to the experimental (n = 15) and control (n = 15) groups. The participants in the experimental group received ten 60-minute EMDR therapy sessions held by the researcher, who underwent specialized training at the FMVA Counseling Center in Boustan Hospital. The participants in the control group received no intervention. The cognitive flexibility questionnaire and response inhibition scale were used to collect data. The analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used for data analysis in SPSS 24.

In the experimental group, the posttest and follow-up scores of response inhibition (response time) and cognitive flexibility showed significant improvements compared to pretest scores (P < 0.001).

Hence, EMDR therapy improved cognitive flexibility and response inhibition in veterans with PTSD. As a result, EMDR therapy can be employed to enhance the psychological characteristics of veterans with stress.

 During the Iran-Iraq war (1980 - 1988), Iran was subjected to chemical attacks for over five years. These attacks left many mental injuries, especially for the veterans exposed to chemical weapons.

 This case-control study compared mental disorder symptoms and brain executive functions of veterans exposed to chemical weapons with healthy individuals.

 The present study was conducted on veterans exposed to chemical weapons during the war. The control group comprised healthy individuals matched to the cases based on age, gender, occupation, level of education, and place of residence. One hundred seventy participants were included in the study, with 85 individuals in each group. The Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R) and Nejati questionnaire were used to collect data on the symptoms of mental disorders and brain executive functions. Multivariate analysis of variance was used for data analysis.

 The findings revealed that the total effect of the subscales of mental disorders in all nine domains was significantly higher in veterans exposed to chemical weapons than in healthy individuals (P < 0.05). In addition, the actual impact of the subscales of the executive brain functions of veterans exposed to chemical weapons was significantly lower compared to healthy individuals (P < 0.05).

 Our findings showed that veterans exposed to chemical weapons exhibited higher mental disorder symptoms across all domains than the control group. Moreover, veterans demonstrated weaker cognitive functions in terms of executive brain functions compared to healthy individuals. The implications of these findings are significant for mental health specialists working with veterans exposed to chemical weapons.

Scoliosis is one of the secondary complications in amputation veterans, which requires periodic evaluations. The gold standard for evaluating the spine is radiography, which has caused many concerns due to the high doses of X-ray radiation. For this reason, therapists are finding for an alternative method for this tool. Ultrasound is a non-invasive tool with different methods for this purpose. The current research aimed to determine the best method for measuring the curvature of the spine of scoliosis patients by ultrasound.
Information &

A systematic search was performed from 2000 to 2022 in Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase databases to find articles that examined the reliability and validity of ultrasound to assess the curvature of the spine in people with scoliosis. COSMIN checklist scale was used to survey the quality of researches.

18 articles were reviewed. In most studies, correct methodological quality was not reported to evaluate internal consistency, measurement error, construct validity, hypothesis testing, cross-cultural validity, responsiveness, and interpretability. Finally, four methods of measuring spinous process angle, spinous process-transverse process angle, transverse process-upper articular process angle, and lamina center method were found for ultrasound.

Ultrasound by measuring the center of the lamina is a simple and very reliable method to evaluate the curvatures of the spine of people with scoliosis and can be a suitable alternative to the gold standard of radiography.

Chemically injured veterans are very vulnerable because of their special situation, and they may confront numerous difficulties. Body composition is one of the effective factors in mental health in adults. So, this study aimed to survey the correlation between body composition and body mass index with mental health and sleepiness in chemically injured veterans.
Instruments &

This cross-sectional study was conducted on chemical veterans referred to the rheumatology ward in Karaj province. 131 patients were selected through the available sampling method. The body composition and body mass index of veterans were determined, and General Health Questionnaire and Epworth Sleepiness Scale were answered. Data were analyzed using the Pearson correlation coefficient by SPSS 19 software.

There was a significant correlation between body fat percent and fat mass with total general health (p=0.004). The correlation between body composition and sleepiness was not significant (p>0.05). There was no significant correlation between body mass index with mental health and sleepiness (p>0.05).

Body composition, particularly fat percent and fat mass, is associated with general health in chemically injured veterans.

Veterans may have improper eating behaviors and food habits. This study aimed to investigate the eating behaviors and food habits of veterans via the nutritional knowledge, attitude, and practices model in Zahedan City.

In a descriptive, cross-sectional study, 369 veterans admitted to the Veterans Foundation in Zahedan were selected. After recording demographic characteristics, we assessed participants’ eating behaviors, nutritional knowledge, attitude, and practice through a questionnaire. Statistical analysis was done by SPSS 21 software.

Most participants consumed 3 meals (51.20%), and salty foods, fried potato, eggplant and vegetables in golden form or roasting, respectively. The most intake oil was liquid as frying oils. They mostly stored raw meat and bread in plastic containers and consumed tea, coffee and watery foods in warmish form. 72.90%, 63.40%, and 19.80% of nutritional knowledge, attitude, and practices were in good status, respectively. There was a negative correlation between age and knowledge (r=-0.12, p= 0.02) and a positive correlation between family size and practice (r=0.15, p=0.01).

The veterans of the study use suitable and acceptable methods in the processing of different foods, including the use of liquid oil and stored meat. Nevertheless, they also consume salty foods and use more plastic containers. The level of their knowledge and attitude is appropriate, but the level of practice in the participants is not optimal.