نشریه آینه پژوهش
سال بیست و چهارم شماره 1 (پیاپی 139، فروردین و اردیبهشت 1392)

One of the features of the academic writings is using authentic sources and referring to them appropriately. In fact, every kind of writing is evaluated and arbitrated according to the authenticity and the number of its citations. Therefore, the proper procedure of citing is considered to be an important part of research regulations. In the following study, the author intends to discuss the following issues: the reasons for referral, referral cases, appropriate referral sources, the number of citations, and finally the style of referring. Having pointed out that citation is one of the most controversial matters in writing journal entries; the writer has dedicated most of the present paper to the analysis of this case. In this regard, first of all, he introduces the international procedures of referring along with their features; and examines their efficiency. Following this, he criticizes the inappropriate procedure of referring. Finally, he talks about a kind of referring procedure which is appropriate for the academic community of his country, and provides some reasons in order to prove it.

Although Abadan is a well-known city regarding economic, social, and even political interactions, there has not been any academic research on the history of its establishment, appellation, and development yet. In the present paper, the author has tried to discuss all these issues; therefore, he has used both library and field methods. He has collected his information via studying the reliable and primary sources written by geographers and travelers, along with talking to local people. Reflecting on the new information and analyzing it has led to this point that this city is one of the ancient cities whose history dates back to the early years of Christianity.

One of the most important reasons of establishing the basis of gender equality in Islam is rereading scriptures especially Qur’an. Amina Wadud has been one of the pioneers of this idea. Both in her academic and social life, Wadud has tried to prove that man by nature has no preference on women; and sex is not a reliable criterion for rating of human being. She believes that since Qur’an commentaries have been all written by men, they have been influenced by patriarchal mentality that has governed Islamic societies. The consequence of her rereading of Qur’an which includes her ideas about Qur’an’s view toward the role and status of women in society is published in Qur’an and Women in English. In the present article, the author is going to discuss Wadud’s biography, her personality, her thoughts, and her works. Following this, she has attempted to clarify and explain her ideas in this book and some other articles. This article is a translation of one of the chapters of Modern Muslim Intellectuals and the Quran.

What is Laicite by Sheidān Vasiq can be probably taken as the briefest and yet the most profound Persian work which provides a complete historical and conceptual view of laicite and secularism. Vasiq has examined these words from the indigenous perspectives, and also challenged the Iranian scholars’ opinions. However, despite its integrity in scrutinizing the meaning of laicite and secularism, this book is lack of methodological consistency. In this study, the author intends to write a review upon this book. In this regard, he presents the article in two parts. In the first part, he criticizes the book in terms of its definition of the vocabularies from different aspects: examining the literal meaning versus the idiomatic meaning of the words, the difference between the old and modern meaning, mixing the real and favorable meaning, and reflecting upon the meaning of “the separation of religion from politics” and “the separation of Islam institution from politics institution”. Since Vasiq has quoted and criticized some of the Iranian scholars’ theories about laicite and secularism at the end of his book, the writer, in the second part, is going to bring up these theories, and Vasiq’s review upon them followed by his own criticism of Vasiq’s.

Al-alfin Al-fāreq bain Al-sedq va Al-min, by Allāme Helli, is independently about leadership. In the following article, the author, firstly, provides some information about the content, different dates of writing, and publishing of various versions of the book. Then, he introduces Nour Al-a’in fi Tarjome Al-alfin, and mentions some parts of this translation. Following this, he examines two new translations by Vejdani, and Rahmati Shahreza; and criticizes Rahmati’s work by presenting some examples and evidences from the text. Having brought about some samples of the translation errors of the book, the writer presents the correct translation.

Al-Madaniat is a book in Arabic and in two volumes by Hosein Vāseqi. It is a study of Medina in which the author has tried to introduce this city and its cultural history from Shia’s point of view. So, he has discussed whatever in this city is related to Shi’ism, especially Shiits’ academic efforts. In this article, the author intends to provide a report of this book; therefore, he talks about its value and examines its content.

The Irreversible Way is a book about Hosein Shahidzade’s diaries and notes. It is in fact written in continuation of Once Upon a Time in Shourābād which was published by Alborz publication in 1347. This book, which covers the social situation in Iran during Rezā Shah period was published by Etela’āt publication in 1390. In the present article, the author is going to provide a report of this book. In this regard, he, first of all, talks briefly about Shahidzade’s biography, and then discusses the appellation of the book along with the writer’s motivation of writing this book. Following this, he reviews some excerpts from the book's content.

Selling spirituality is in fact a critique on western spirituality. This book has stepped beyond the examples of spirituality. It shows how spirituality has turned into a powerful good in world market today, what kind of forces have played role in this process, and who would gain benefit of it. In the following article, the author presents a detailed list of the chapters of the book along with an explanation about its content. Then, he is going to discuss the book writers’ goals and approaches.

Seyyed Hosein Modarresi Tabātabāie, a researcher of Islamic science, has written many works in different fields such as Islamic Law and the history of Shi’ism. In the present study, the author firstly provides a bibliography of his works. Following this, he is going to talk about the essays written about him.