فصلنامه پژوهش های اجتماعی اسلامی
سال بیستم شماره 2 (تابستان 1393)

Peace is the spiritual (mental) balance and the absence of anxiety and anxiousness which are resulted from confronting problems and difficultiestactfully. Peace in its different types (naturally, mentally and religious belief) is from well-being components, which emerges in two forms: spiritual (mental) peace and social security. Because all human common activities are to achieve peace this paper aims to present peace factors from the perspective of Islamic teachings and has reported some of them which are: religious belief which is the main peace factor that the other factors are beyond this shadow; zikr(the remembrance of Allah), supplication, prayer, fasting,haj which are the instances of worshiping God and cause the individual and social peace; repentance, relying on Allah, hope in Allah, patience and familiarity with the Quran are the moral and spiritual instances of beliefs; purity, innocent, friendship with the fair and comforting which are social instances of belief and creating spiritual and mental peace of individual and society.

This note scientifically tries to investigate one of the national security dimensions with the subject of the cultural security from the Nahj al- Balagha view. Thecultural security is really preserving the traditions, values, conventions and national identity. The aim of this paper is to study the backgrounds of creating the cultural security in thesociety and its pathology from the point of Imam Ali (peace be upon him) with respect to his sayings in Nahj Al-Balagha. With the thematic studying (examination) of Nahj Al-Balagha and withstudying books and articles which are codified about the different dimensions of security specially the cultural security, the most important factors creating the cultural security are: theenhancement of intelligence and knowledge, beliefs, extending encouraging good and discouraging bad, tawalla(love of, obedience to, alliance with or loyalty to Imams and their cause) and tabarra(dissociation from, disobedience to, renunciation and abandon ofthe imams 'adversaries), creating a right model and Alavi's culture, preserving the past true virtues, immunizing through strengthening the family institute and expanding marriage and self-esteem and establishing justice and preventing poverty and unemployment in the society. The most important obstacles to the cultural securityare:constituting theuncertainty and doubt in the cultural system,cultural invasion, and eclecticism, the lack of qualification of the heads of governments and their excessive luxurious life and ambitions in the worldly life. Undoubtedly, acting according to the Imam Ali's orders protects the society against the cultural aggression which is one of the enemy's weapons in order to overthrow the government from the view of the supreme leader of Iran.

The present research is going to determine the principles and strategies of a productive social relation which are taken from the Religious and Psychological teachings. The main question is what the principles and strategies of the effective relations are from the Religious and Psychological perspective. The research method is descriptive- analytic. For this purpose, after familiarity with and getting concepts and reasons which have been derived from the religious and psychological texts, the paper analyzes them and then implies to the principles and strategies which are based on the religious and psychological texts. The results show that the most outstanding principles and social interaction strategies which are accorded with the Religious and Psychological teachings are: familiarity with needs, knowing the community which is our goal, acquaintance with norms, knowing the message and the method of transmitting message, creating deliberate verbal and non-verbal relations, using of paradigm learning, attention to the individual differences and knowing capacity, considering the gender differences, mastering the contents of the religious teachings in summary, intelligence and familiarity with the techniques and rules of creating relation and transmitting messages, using the individual attractions, ……

There are standards to study the scientific growth by countries. Every year, the scientific growth by countries with respect to the statistics and figures are studied and estimated by the national and foreign professional organizations. This paper is going to study the scientific growth in Iran in the last two decades with regard to the international standard parameters which are provided by the credible databases. Then, it analyzes the mutual relation of legal and economic growth and the degree of its effectiveness on scientific growth in this field. In the last two decades, Iran has an outstanding (significant) growth in science which has made progress and development in Iran from this perspective in the world. But contrary to the other countries, this scientific growth has an inconsiderable (little) effect onthe economic growth in Iran. One of the important reasons is the absence of attention to the humanities in this area and also the absence of constant and right relationship between scientific sections and economic sections. It can be lessened the incredible gap between these two areas by the

Islam seeks nobility and authority for Muslims in all fields includes economic area and production is preliminary step toward this main goal. For this, Islam has considered a special role for production and invites Muslims and his followers to take activities in different areassuch as farming products,animal husbandry products, and industrial productsand also the commerce of the products in these sectors in order to be promoted and be distributed. It is necessary to be chosen perfect and accurate methods and strategies to achieve the production growth and self-sufficiency of Muslims and beingindependent from blasphemy countries. This research with analytic- descriptive method and with precious sayings of the noble prophet ((Peace and Blessings Be upon Him and His Household) and infallible Imams and with using the Quranic verses tries to define the priorities for production from the point of Islam to attain the economic growth and authority of Muslims. The aim of this note is to encourage producers to consider the priorities for production.

The successful economic experience of some countries which directly happened under the influence of the cultural elements in the last recent decades clearly shows the importance and position of the culture in the economic development.The Islamic culture teachings are full of the elements which if they are institutionalized it will containa bright and promising future in economy. The positive effect of the religious persuasion on the economic growth and development; generally the motivating role of the religious teachings and its emphasis on the factors such as the importance of work, the importance of science, conscience at work, order and discipline, God's reward for the positive economic and also their role in economic healthy activities beside setting the accompanied rules which cause the economic growth and development.However, some of the distorted and deviationalreligious writings which have been presented as religion during the human history are: factors of society lag and deemed untrustworthy factorsin religions and unreliability. From the other side, Islam has considered all necessities and necessary circumstances for occurring production growth and effective use of nature. These instruments and means are divided in two types: legal instruments and mental and cultural factors. Moral factors in Islamic culture (contrary to thecrooked thinkers) have direct and positive effects on the economic development, if they are analyzed and determined correctly and the public act according to them. Meanwhile, this paper states the cases of cultural effects on the economic development it analyzes some of the moral factors.