نشریه علوم سیاسی
سال بیستم شماره 3 (پیاپی 79، پاییز 1396)

The world of Islam has encountered numerous opportunities and threats and in spite of writing several works related to the world of Islam, the strategies of utilizing the opportunities, controlling and decreasing the political threats of the world of Islam has not been clarified. Accordingly, the question raised in this article is what the strategies of utilizing the opportunities, controlling and decreasing the political threats of the world of Islam is in view f supreme leader. In view of Supreme Leader, it has been stated the strategies to remove the threats and utilizing opportunities of the world of Islam including the development of unity in the Islamic communities in the various domains and relying on Islamic values towards dealing with the enemies of Islam.
To answer the main question in this research, it has been taken advantage of theoretical method of SWOT to decrease and control the political threats of the world of Islam and on the basis of this method, it has been presented the following strategies including, the Variety strategies ( the strengthening of cultural - belief foundations as well as the orientation of Islamic vigilance towards the development of democratic governments, the competitive strategies (the strengthening of issuing the Islamic revolution towards the Islamic vigilance and strengthening of Hajj diplomacy, the reviewing strategies (promoting religious democracy among the Islamic countries and the active and harmonic presence of Muslims in the international domains, the defensive strategies ( the strengthening of unity spirit, resistance as well as the strengthening of detente trend in favor of developing a defensive common army.

The social thinkers have been constantly looking for the identification of elements in order to decrease the challenges present in the societies and manage it in the favorable way. The Political Islamic philosophers, relying on their meticulous analysis related to the self of human have deemed institutionalization of elements like patience and tolerance in the social interactions as the main elements of decreasing and controlling the level of dealing with or struggling among groups and castes as well as the people in community. This research is to answer the question that: in view of Islamic political philosophy ,which strategies, how and on which base the element of political tolerance can manage the interactions between government and nation as well as people, parties, groups , formal and informal organizations in the favorable way and avoid any violent behaviors. The article tries to present an exact illustration of the position and role of this element in the social-political engineering via the descriptive-analytical method along with the analysis of viewpoints of Islamic political philosophers. The objective of this article is proving this issue that the political tolerance in the Islamic political philosophy is considered as the main element towards the realization of ideal city and the optimal political-social management. This very issue has made the Islamic political philosophers to call the elites, managers of community and mass of people for considering tolerance in the reciprocal relationships to present the strategies like strengthening ethical and belief foundations, as well as the institutionalization of rationality in the social relationships towards the stabilizing and deepening of tolerance in regard with the relationships and social interactions.

The Political system on the basis of Shiite Imamate is considered as a favorable system in the approach of philosophers of Qajar era. Shiite philosophers stated the pattern of favorable Shiite order by taking advantage of the at hand texts and considering the social and political conditions in their own time. This article analyzes the favorable order in political view of Haji Molla Hadi Sabzevari and Seyed Jafar Kashfi via the Skinner method. The goal of this writing is the study of the favorable order in view of Muslim philosophers on the basis of the authority of general representatives in the political and social era of revolution in Iran with the most ups and downs and it is against the views which disregard any thoughts in this era. The philosophical reflections of the philosophers in Qajar era particularly Haji Hadi Sabzevari and Kashfi related to the government, sovereignty and justice state the dynamicity of political thought of Shi’ah and the cooperation of Muslim philosophers with Qajar sultans and at times their disagreement with any relationships with sultans as the main actors in community declares their concern in regard with the growth of science of philosophy and the elevation of society.

Since the initiation of Islamic vigilance in 2011, the existent order in Middle East has encountered with serious challenge and accordingly the regional and trance regional actors have tried to settle their favorable order in this transient era. The Middle East has been the arena of Islamic republic’s asking for the reviewing the regional order and the center of fulfillment of its goals and international benefits. The purpose of writing this article is the analyzing and conceptualizing the Islamic republic’s status in Middle East with the emphasis on the recent six years. The hypothesis of the article is to answer the question on how the strategic depth of Islamic republic in Middle East has modified from 2011 to 2017. The strategic depth of Islamic republic is developed from the soft strategic depth to the intelligent strategic depth. The intelligent strategic depth is the blend of soft strategic depth and intelligent power realized in Iraq and it is being measured and realized in Syria and Yemen. The hypothesis of the article has been tested via the descriptive-analytical method.

Today, the project of branding and the national illustration of a country have changed into a fundamental element towards development. Of the basic principles of national branding project is the discourse of inside self confidence in favor of renewing the national identity. Nowadays, the majority of countries based on cultural policy making and superior documents select their national branding in accordance with their domain of influence, cultural or economical profits as well as the management of image or the international reputation. Modern cultural policy is in charge of renewing and extending the national image besides the management and propagation of culture.
In this regard, the main question of the present research is in relation to the role of modern cultural policy on the project of national branding and the development of national image of the countries beyond their boarders.
Clarifying the modern cultural policy, the branding issues as well as the national illustration, the present article puts emphasis on this issue that the cultural policy of the countries based on branding project and their national image on the basis of inside self confidence as well as the management of international reputation is competent to progress towards localization and globalization. Accordingly, the Islamic Republic of Iran based on the national and international objectives of Islamic revolution with the superior documents has directed towards the management of image and the enhance of its positive eminence with the emphasis on religion of Islam as Iran’s national branding in the international domain together with the discourse of national self confidence and the inner potency as the basis of religion within the interior dimension.

Justice and development party claimed for a moderate and efficient model to merge the Islam and western liberal democracy in favor of the other Islamic countries in 2011. On the basis of this model, the present writing is to answer the question in relation with the challenges on the way of this paradigm by considering the Muslims’ challenges and particularly the Islamic movements as the main beneficiaries of turkey‘s model, The base of significant variables including secularism, normal and standard justifications, outward interferences, political cooperation, the issue of Palestine and the unitarian policies considered by the Islamic movements of area. The hypothesis of the article is that the paradigm of justice and development party is dealing with numerous challenges. The development of this pattern on the basis of dual approach of profit and identity will lead to the dual partition within the strategic policies and consequently the inconstancy on the strategic depth of party. These paradoxes will include the imperative issues such as the fundamental disagreement of Islam and liberal democracy, value wise-liberalist westernization, the identity and Takfiri orientalism, the strategic communication with sahyunist regime besides some stand taking towards the issue of Palestine and lastly, considering the issue of Syria provides the ground for zero - hundred tension.

Salafi is considered as a radical trend tolerating some changes due to its interpretation out of the Islamic society and also the change the interpretation out of some concepts like Jihad, Takfiri, Hijrah or departure, blasphemy, Dar al- Kofr as well as the Ignorance during the various decades. Thanks to this property of radicalism in addition to the interpretation of Islam based on the wants of this trend, it has taken different forms in various areas of the world of Islam while its sample can be observed in Iraq and Syria in recent years.
The change in the interpretations of salafi refers to the different elements and the considerable part refers to the conceptual and identity elements. In this regard, the main question of the article is what the roles of conceptual and identity elements are on the development of salafi trend in Iraq and Syria. Nevertheless, many analyses refer to the historical elements of development of salafi and regional and trance regional authorities in the development of these groups in the aforementioned countries. Through the descriptive-analytical methods, this article mostly emphasizes on the role of internal elements in Iraq and Syria particularly the conceptual and identity elements in this regard.
Taking advantage of the current theoretical foundations in the constructivism approach, the present article illustrates that five elements have been effective on the development of salafi in the countries under the investigation: the five elements are the development of ignorance community assumption against Dar al- Kofr, the assumption of close enemy in Iraq and Syria, generalizing and personalizing the concept of Jihad, the concept of hijrah or emigration and emigrant salafi in Syria and Iraq, the Arabic-Islamic (traditional) assumption: Ba’th- salafi. This status finally clarifies the way of utilizing the grounds of constructivism towards its fulfillment in the analysis of aforementioned trends.