نشریه پژوهش های قرآنی
سال بیست و سوم شماره 2 (پیاپی 87، تابستان 1397)

The present research was carried out with the aim of planning a conceptual model for the elements effective on strengthening self-control in organizations’ human resources on the basis of Qur’anic Doctrines. To this end, the data-based theorization, which is a kind of quality-research strategy, has been employed. Passing through the process of data-based theorization consisting of open, pivotal, and selective codifications, 465 codes, 105 concepts, and 20 categories were identified, which through the above-mentioned codifications, the codes were respectively transformed into concepts and concepts into categories, and finally, by making a connection between the categories, the conceptual model of the research was formulated and presented; a model by using which the organizations can strengthen self-control in their human resources and thus spend the extra expenditure of creating and maintaining external control systems on development of human resources and improve administrative safety in the working place with the least expenses.

Divine speech is the most principal source for understanding the Islamic teachings, in whose interpretation, getting access to the intention of the author of the text is important. In this direction, Ibn ‘Arabī’s exegetical view is noteworthy. With a descriptive-analytical method, this writing undertakes to critically review the unity and multiplicity of meanings of intention in Ibn ‘Arabī’s works, analysis of the philosophical principles of the incorrect meanings of the words as not being intended for, and considering as intended the semantic possibilities and in conclusion proves that all the possible correct meanings of the words are intended by the Almighty God. Then, some of the outcomes of this theory in the interpretation of the Holy Qur’an and jurisprudential implication of it are examined and it is elucidated in its light that the multiplicity of the meaning of intention in the interpretation of Divine words would open the way for further reception of knowledge front the Qur’an and tradition. Also, in this writing, Ibn ‘Arabī’s theory of multiplicity of meaning is compared with the theory of some hermeneutic scholars.

Most exegetes have only pointed out the Sūrat al-Ḥujurāt as being a Medinan sūra, and consider that there are not enough indications to determine the date of its Revelation. However, considering the sūras that are mentioned before and after Sūrat al-Ḥujurāt in the traditions of Revelation order shows that this sūra is revealed roughly at the beginning of 6 AH. While exploring the traditions which mention the cause of Revelation for this sūra and the reports received from historians regarding the events happened after the conquest of Mecca, testifies that this sūra is revealed at the first half of 9 AH, coinciding with the arrival of delegations and converting the tribes of the Peninsula to Islam, so the sūra could be dated after the conquest of Mecca and before the battle of Tabūk. The paper explores these two opposing views through historical content analysis and concludes with confirmation of the year 9 AH, considering that all timed verses of this sūra are revealed chronologically in accordance with the historical events, it indicates that all the verses of this sūra are revealed successively over a few-month period.

One of the ways to deal with nushūz (wife’s violation of marital duties), which is presented in the verse 34 of Sūrat al-Nisā᾽ is ḍarb (hitting). The Qur’anic researchers have provided different views on the meaning and the way to interpret this verse. One of these views is the preparatory abrogation of the verse, which is developed by Ayatollah Ma‘rifat. According to this view, the order to corporal punishment of women in this verse was not really intended by God from the outset, rather the intended aim of establishing this order in the Holy Qur’an is to prepare the ground for gradually abrogating this custom from the society.
The research is to explore and collect the supporting proofs for this theory. The analysis shows that the presented supporting proofs are not strong enough to prove the theory, so the abrogation of this verse is not accepted. On the other hand, considering the philologists’ views shows that the best interpretation for the verse, which is also approved by most interpreters and Qur’an experts since long ago, is its surface meaning; that is, hitting and physically punishing the disobedient wives. However, taking the conditions and limitations presented for this ruling into consideration resolves the ambiguity and the likely objections about the issue.

In verse 25 of Sūrat al-Ḥadīd, the issue of the Revelation of the “Book” and “Balance” (mīzān) has been brought up and its objective has been known to be the actualization of social justice. One of the methods of research on the verse has been studying the opinions of its interpreters and in case this study enjoys a historical course, besides elucidation of the meaning and the message of the verse, the interpreters’ course of thinking in the interpretation of the verse would also be clarified.
This research indicates that over the past centuries many of the interpretations have passed by this verse with a simplistic glance and only some interpretations have to some extent paid attention to the meaning of book and balance and the role they play in actualization of social justice. Furthermore, this attention has begun since the fifth century and continued with some fluctuations; as its peak can be observed in recent century, although the verse is still in need of further exploration.

One of the objectives of this writing is the pathology of the books written on the subject of the Qur’anic ethics from the perspective of its organizing and systematizing and provision of a new pattern for the ethical system of the Qur’an. To this end, given the necessity of systematization of the ethical ma‘ārif of the Qur’an and the pathologies that are observed in this respect in existing books, some of the most important books related to the Qur’anic ethics are evaluated in a descriptive-analytic method and some critiques have been done in terms of form and content. Then, by introducing the Qur’an’s ethical system in the form of a conical and pyramidal system, a systematic structure consisting of fundamentals of ethics, principles of ethics, the objectives of ethics, and the advantages of the proposed model is exponded.

Quranic studies is one of the oldest fields of research in Islam. Different scholars have explored the Holy Qur’an from their particular approaches. Examining the scholars’ basic principles is a necessary and facilitating factor to correctly understand their stance. Meanwhile, hadith-centered approach to the Holy Qur’an has a long history. Al-Bānī, a contemporary hadith scholar, has adopted this approach to deal with the Holy Qur’an and has provided some writings. Some of his principles are as follows: impermissibility of the least preference of verses over hadiths; interpreting the Holy Qur’an by Sunna resulting in the supremacy of Sunna; inseparability of beliefs and rulings, and the necessity of following the understanding of the early pious Muslims. Al-Bānī’s principles have faced some objections like: existence of differentiation and discrimination among verses; weak arguments; generalizing part to the whole; and self-defeating statements. The paper is to explore hadith-centeredness in al-Bānī’s works, which has resulted in misunderstanding the Holy Qur’an. The research is conducted in the descriptive-analytical method.