فصلنامه پژوهش های ارتباطی
پیاپی 88 (زمستان 1395)

Genre TV talk show is known as common and important through TV genres. This genre has specific properties, types, elements and numerous functions like all other TVs'. In order to get optimal utilization, ones should have inclusive and precise knowledge on their capabilities and challenges. So the article examines the capabilities and challenges in TV talk show on IRIB. A case study was considered and data collected from interviews. More than 40 managers, producers, and presenters were selected as interviewees based on Purposive Sampling. The results showed that the interviewees regard to genre TV talk show having the capacity and various benefits such as low production cost compared to other products, the most favorite structure for some topics and audiences, capacity and easy interaction with the audience and so on. The main challenges affecting TV talk shows include some inaccurate views on the genre, low financing, lack of technical facilities and poor planning, study and designing programs. The article indicated that proper attention to the features, requirements and benefits of a variety of talk shows and targeted use of them are the most important ways to overcome the challenges.

Experts have proposed several models for communicating from the perspective of the audience exposure with message. In the first approach, which is called linear model, audience is assumed to be more or less passive and decodes the message in the line of sender coding. The second approach, which is called transactional model, audience is assumed to be active and decodes the message based on his/her own interpretation.The article explains the peculiarities and differences between the two approaches, and then pointed to some verses of the Quran and with regard to factors affecting the interpretation and analysis of the message, explains the transactional model that is confirmed by the Quran. In the Quran perspective, factors such as knowledge, reasoning and thinking, purity of nature and the human spirit, cause the audience wouldn’t be passive, in spite decode the message on own interpretation and analysis.

The article deals with the fear of crime and the media consumption effects on it. The research data were collected through survey employing questionnaire. The research population encompasses all citizens at 15 years and older in Tehran. Sampling conducted based on Multi-stage cluster method and the number of 1196. Theoretical framework is based on cultivation theory arguing: the more people watch television the more they fear of crime. The results indicate that although overall media consumption is not related to fear of crime, but the use of new media (Internet, satellite channels and virtual social networks) is related to the fear of crime. In addition although nonlinear and weak, tracing crime news from mass media significantly associated with fear of crime. Furthermore, although tracing crime news from mass media doesnt lead to more fear of homicide crimes, significantly increases the fear of financial crimes.

The main objective of this research is Constructing and standardizing a questionnaire for assessing media literacy. The population under study is young people aged 18 to 40 in Tehran that were selected by multistage cluster sampling. First, the preliminary questionnaire constructed with 45 questions and three main factors based on literature. Then Face validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by teachers. Questionnaires were completed in the first phase from a sample of 100 people, and at the second phase 662 people. Finally35 questions were selected that had a positive correlation with the whole test, and then final questionnaire was named as Media Literacy Test (MLT-35). Construct validation test was done using divergent validity and factor analysis. Confirmatory Factor Analysis extracted by Amos showed good values; χ2=2.4, GFI=0.89, AGFI=0.88, RMSEA=0.046. Standard norm table was prepared on Z scores broken down by level of education. Youth media literacy was assessed at a moderate level. The research findings indicate that Media Literacy Test has enough validity and reliability for media literacy assessment among young people.

Understanding the diverse audiences and their needs and interests is inevitable for media activities. While Audiences behaviors are constantly changing, the challenge dealt with National Media (I.R.I.B.) must be exploring these behavioral changes and reaction to them. In order to maintain and gain beneficial results, along with growing researches in the field of television audience, media solutions must be extracted using meta-synthesis studies. This research synthesized and analyzed the qualitative findings on audiences’ studies field extracted from 40 academic thesis’s using Seven-step pattern of Sandelowski & Barrosos’ Model. Statements obtained from the supervision on the main four key elements of structural, policy making, motivational, and external were categorized. Based on the findings, motivational category was the most important factor in the results of the researches on the audience analysis.

In order to improve customer attitude and loyalty the key elements and beliefs affecting on customer attitudes toward TV advertising must be recognized, so that for planning, they will be considered. Given the importance of this issue this research was conducted. The study aimed to evaluate the key beliefs influencing customer attitudes toward TV advertising and its impact on their loyalty to the commercial complexes in the country. This study is an applied research, and is descriptive in the term of data collection way. A questionnaire was used to collect the required data. Researchers after reviewing the theoretical foundations and sampling from a population of commercial complexes practitioners in Tehran evaluated the hypotheses using structural equation modeling (SEM) and regression. The findings suggested a significant influence of variables entertainment, being credible and repeated ad. On customer attitudes toward TV advertising and the variable TV advertisement on customer loyalty. But the impact of variables consisting benefit, time pressure, and harassment on customer attitudes toward television advertisement not confirmed.

This study analyzed the news content of most popular online news agencies in Iran on 2014 Asian Games in Incheon with an emphasis on women's sports. The study population consisted of 1609 news published on ISNA (266), Tabnak (214), and Khabaronline (156) during Asian games. Coding sheet was used for data collection in which units of analysis has been classified in seven categories. The results show that ISNA news agency with a share of 53.76 percent was the most prolific in news publishing about the Asian Games, and 13.61 percent of the whole News was about women. Chi-square test results showed a significant difference between the number of medals won by the women and paying attention to them as the main characters. Whereas the 20.57% of athletes and 28.7% of total medals at the Asian Games owned by women. They featured as the main character only in 11.32% of the news stories.