فصلنامه روانشناسی
سال بیست و دوم شماره 4 (پیاپی 88، زمستان 1397)

The present research was aimed to investigate the effectiveness of training of emotionally-focused ap-proach on couple burnout and tendency for divorce in couples. The population included all the couples who visited the Health House because of marital problem and conflict and lack of intimacy in their relationships. In the present research, by using avail-able sampling method, 20 couples were selected who had the highest scores in the research questionnaire, and their assigned into two groups experiment and control (10 couples per group). Data gathering tools in the present research were Pains Couple Burnout Measure (1996) and the Divorce Tendency Scale of Roswelt, Jonson &, Moro (DTS) (1986), which were completed by the participations of both groups before and after the intervention. The results of the multivar-iate covariance analysis suggested that the training of emotionally-focused approach has led to significant decrease in couple burnout and two components of emotional exhaustion and mental fatigue in couples of the experiment group, but it has not been effective on reducing physical fatigue of the couples. Other results indicated that tendency to divorce in couples of the experiment group has had significant reduction compared to the control group. According to the find-ings of the present research, it can be concluded that training of the emotionally-focused approach has been able to be effective on reducing couple burnout and tendency to divorce in couples. Counselors and family therapists can use the findings of the present research for their clinical and therapeutic interventions.

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between risk perception and cognitive emotion regulation with tendency to addiction by me-diating decision-making styles. This research was a descriptive and a correlational study. To this end, 320 students from the Department of Banking and Payam of Noor University of Bijar city were se-lected by random sampling method. Data were collected using Risk Perception Index, Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire, Zargars Addic-tion Tendency Questionnaire and Scott and Bruce's Decision-Making Styles. Questionnaire. In order to evaluate the proposed model, Amos software and path analyze method were used. The findings showed that there was a negative significant relationship between risk perception and positive cognitive emotion regulation directly with the tendency to addiction and negative cognitive emotion regulation have a positive significant relationship with the ten-dency to addiction. Also, decision-making style indi-rectly influenced the predictive value of the variables. Overall, the results showed that decision-making style had a significant mediating role in the relation-ship between risk perception and cognitive emotion regulation with tendency to addiction.

The present study compares psychologists' pro-fessional Codes of Ethics in Iran, America, Canada, England, and Australia. The study population consist-ed of all countries with professional Codes of Ethics, of which, America, Canada, Britain, Australia, and Iran were purposively selected due to their progres-siveness in the development of professional Codes of Ethics, and their ethical principles and standards were compared. The results obtained showed that with the exception of Iran and America, all codes studied had defined the basic concepts and terminologies af-ter introduction. In addition, they all contained two main sections, namely, general principles and stan-dards. The general principles were almost the same and common in these codes, and included respect for people's dignity, accountability, integrity, no dis-crimination or injustice, philanthropy, and avoidance of harm. The ethical standards in Iran’s and America's codes appear independently from the general prin-ciples. Meanwhile, the standards are presented under relevant ethical principles in the Australian, Canadi-an, and British codes. Iran's standards of ethical codes almost exactly match those of America's, and the only difference is in the order of presenting standards of "Accountability" and "Storing registered information and fees" and the extent of explanations and details. According to the present study, the following changes can contribute to a greater understanding and practi-cability of Iran's Code of Ethics: Providing definitions and explanations for specialized terminologies and general principles, adding more details to standards and considering local culture and religion.

In the present study, the effect of positive af-fect induction on verbal cognitive performance in extrovert and introvert personality types is studied. The first sample of the research includes 180 female students of Tarbiat Modares university selected with available sampling method. With respect to their score in Eysenck Personality Questionnaire and based on statistical analysis, 30 participants (in 2 extrovert and introvert groups) were chosen for the next step of the research. In the next step, a short movie clip for inducting positive affect was shown to the half of the participants, then respectively, the first verbal task and PANAS questionnaire were taken. After that, all previous steps (with an equal verbal task) were done but this time for negative affect induction. For the re-maining participants, the reverse process was done, i.e., first negative affect induction and then positive affect induction. The results were analyzed with de-scriptive statistics methods and t-test of two depen-dent groups, t-test of two independent groups and Yu-Mann-Whitney test. The observations showed that the positive affect induction improves the verbal fluency performance. On the other hand in the case of positive emotional induction, extroverts have better verbal performance than introverts. In general the results showed that the positive affect induction affects the cognitive performances. Also, personality traits associated with affections such as extroversion can modify these effects.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effec-tiveness of traditional Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia and Internet-based Cognitive Behav-ioral Therapy for Insomnia on people with insomnia comorbid depression. This study employed pretest-posttest and follow-up quasi-experimental designs that used experimental groups and control group. A convenience sample of 45 university staff and pro-fessors who received score higher than the cut-off score in PSQI and BDI-II questionnaire was selected by using diagnostic interview based on the DSM-5 depression and insomnia. 15 people were randomly assigned into three groups. The experimental group received 6 sessions of cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia. PSQI and BDI-II questionnaire, test was administered three times (before treatment, after the last treatment and one month after treatment). The data were analyzed by means of mixed ANOVA. The results showed traditional cognitive behavioral thera-py for Insomnia (CBT-I) and internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy for Insomnia had positive effect on of sleep quality. ICBT-I group and CBT-I group had more reduction in depression score compared to the control group, but CBT-I group indicated more score reduction compared to ICBT-I. Follow-up re-sults showed that the effects were long-lasting.

The present study examined the mediating role of self-compassion between personality traits and academic buoyancy. The participants were 310 stu-dents (169 girls and 141 boys) from Shiraz Univer-sity selected by multistage random cluster sampling method. The participants completed three measures: Academic Buoyancy Scale, Self-Compassion Scale (2003) and Big-Five Factor Personality Inventory. Cronbach alpha coefficient was used for examining the reliability of the scales. To determine the validity, internal consistency and factor analysis were applied. The results indicated that the model had a good fitness with the data. There were direct effects of extrover-sion, neuroticism, agreeableness, openness to expe-rience on self-compassion. Overall, results showed that self-compassion could be regarded as mediator between personality traits and academic buoyancy.