فصلنامه دانش و پژوهش در روانشناسی کاربردی
پیاپی 44 (تابستان 1390)

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of emotional intelligence and life skills training on marital adjustment among young couples. The research method was quasi-experiment with three groups pretest-posttest design (two experimental groups and one control group), and statistical population were the young couples participated in training workshop in a cultural center. The sample was consisted of 60 persons (20 persons in emotional intelligence training group, 20 persons in life skills training group and 20 persons in control group), who were selected using simple random sampling and then randomly assigned into two experimental groups and a control group. Assessment instruments consisted of Marital Adjustment Questionnaire (Spinner, 1976) and a researcher made Demographic Questionnaire. Data were analysis using analysis of covariance. The results revealed that life skills training and emotional intelligence training have significant effects on marital adjustment and their components (reciprocal satisfaction, reciprocal agreement, reciprocal correlation and affective expression) in young couples (P<0.01). Also there was no significant difference between emotional intelligence and life skills training in total marital adjustment, reciprocal agreement and affective expression (P>0.05), but there was significant difference between emotional intelligence and life skills training in reciprocal satisfaction and reciprocal correlation (P<0.01).

The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of group cognitive therapy on symptoms of insomnia in women with chronic insomnia. The study had a quasi-experimental (Repeated measurement) design and the statistical population were the women who came to the neurologist, among whom 18 persons were selected as the accessible sample and then they were randomly assigned into two groups: experimental (cognitive therapy group) and control (drug treatment). All subjects received hypnotic drugs (Benzodiazepines). The instrument was a researcher- made Chronic Insomnia Symptoms Questionnaire. The results of analysis of covariance showed that group cognitive therapy is significantly effective in reducing chronic insomnia symptoms (P<0/01).

The purpose of the present research was to investigate the effect of problem solving training with emphasis on basic needs of choice theory on couple’s communication patterns. The research method was two groups quasi- experiment with pretest- posttest, and the statistical population was the couple’s residence in Karaj city, among them 12 couples (6 couples in control group and 6 couples in experimental group) were selected via voluntarily sampling method, and were randomly assigned into experimental and control groups. The assessment tool was Communication Patterns Questionnaire (Christensen & Sullaway, 1984) and data were analyzed using analysis of covariance. The results showed that there was significant difference between experimental and control group in communication patterns such as constructive, mutual avoidance, total of withdrawal /demand, demand male/withdrawal female and demand female/withdrawal male (P<0/05).

The goal of this study was to compare the effect of life skills and coping strategies training on mental health of girl students. Method of research was experimental with three group pretest-posttest design, and statistical population was the girl students of Doctor Moeen professional technical school in Rasht.300 girl students were selected with the use of randam sampling, and then after first administration of General Health Questionnaire, 45 persons with highest scores were selected and randomly assigned in three groups of fifteen (two exprimental groups and one control group). Assessment tool was General Health Questionnaire (Goldberg & Hillier, 1979). Data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA). Findings indicated that lifeskills training (P<0.01) and coping strategies training (P<0.05) could significantly improve mental health of students. Also in compairing the effect of coping strategies and lifeskills training,it has been recognized that coping strategies had more effect than lifeskills training on depression of girl students.

The aim of the current research was the study of the relationship between the big five personality factors of managers and supervisors with the organizational citizenship behaviors (OCB) of their personnel.Method of research was correlation and the statistical society included the personnel, managers and supervisores of the two factories, in which 73 managers and supervisors and 204 subordinates were selected using random sampling. Assessment tools consisted of, Big Five Personality Questionnaire (Costa & McCrae, 1990), and Organizational Citizenship Behavior Questinnaire (Lee & Allen, 2002). The data were analyzed using Pearson`s correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis (enter method). The results showed that there was significant relationships between the conscientiousness, openness to experience and agreeableness of managers and supervisors and the OCB of their subordinates. Also analysis of regression (enter) revealed that only openness to experieance and agreeableness of managers and supervisors could predict the organizational citizenship behaviors toward individuals and organization of their subordinates.

The aim of this research was to compare the reaction time, distraction and fatigue factor between two groups of drivers with accidental experience and no accident experience. Method of research was ex-post facto and statistical population were all drivers with accidental experience who referred to traffic centers and drivers with no accident experience, among them two groups of thirty were selected with the use of simple random sampling. Assessment tools consisted of Reaction Chronoscope (Dunders, 1968), Toulous-Pieron’s Distraction Test (Pieron, 1986), and Fatigue Test (Krupp et al, 1989). Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). Results showed that average of feet and hand reaction time is significantly higher in the accident-experienced drivers than no accident experience drivers (P<0.01). Also distraction and fatigue was higher in the accident-experienced drivers than drivers with no accident experience (P<0.01).

The main purpose of the present study was to investigate the relationship between life satisfaction and early maladaptive schemas among students. Method of research was correlation, and the research population consisted of Babol university students, among them 300 persons from different majors) 150 female students and 150 male students (were selected by cluster random sampling method. Assessment tools consisted of short form of Early Maladaptive Schema (YSQ - SF) (Young, 2005) and Life Satisfaction Questionnaire (Diener et al,1985). Data were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient, stepwise regression analysis and independent sample t-test. Results showed that there were negative significant relationships between emotional deprivation, social isolation, defectiveness / shame, failure, dependence / incompetence, vulnerability to harm or illness, subjugation, self - sacrifice, emotional inhibition, unrelenting standards / hyper criticalness and insufficient self - control/ self - discipline with life satisfaction (P<0/05, P<0/01). Stepwise regression analysis showed that there were significant multiple correlation between life satisfaction and emotional deprivation, defectiveness/ shame, and dependence / incompetence) P< 0/0 1). Independent sample t-test showed that there was a significant difference between two groups of male and female students in subscales such as, mistrust/abuse, failure, vulnerability to harm or illness, unrelenting standards / hyper criticalness.

The present study was carried out to investigate the relationship between coworker based interactional justice and procedural justice with organizational citizenship behaviors. Research method was correlation and statistical population was the employees of some industrial complexes in Esfahan city, among them 306 employees were selected via convenience sampling. Research instruments consisted of Organizational Justice Inventory and Organizational Citizenship Behaviors Questionnaire (Haaland, 2002). Data were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient and regression analysis (enter method). Findings showed that there was a positive significant correlation between procedural justice and coworker based interactional justice with organizational citizenship behaviors toward organization, and coworkers (P < 0/01). The result of enter regression analysis also revealed that there was a significant multiple correlation between procedural justice and coworker based interactional justice with organizational citizenship behaviors toward organization and between coworker based interactional justice with organizational citizenship behaviors toward coworkers (P < 0/01).