فهرست مطالب

Kerman University of Medical Sciences - Volume:24 Issue: 2, Mar - Apr 2017

Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences
Volume:24 Issue: 2, Mar - Apr 2017

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1396/01/31
  • تعداد عناوین: 10
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  • Mitra Samareh Fekri, Sayed Mehdi Hashemi Bajgani, Nasrollah Jamshidi Gohari *, Nasrin Bazargan Harandi, Mohammad Rahmatian Pages 103-110
    Background
    One of the genetic risk factors for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is deficiency of Alpha-1 Antitrypsin (A1AT). There is no exact statistics about the prevalence of this disease in different regions of Iran. The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of alpha-1 antitrypsin (A1AT) deficiency in COPD patients in Kerman, Iran.
    Methods
    In the present study, the serum level of AAT in 294 COPD patients visited in the pulmonary clinic center in Kerman, Iran was measured. The diagnosis of COPD was confirmed through history taking and Spirometry before and after using Bronchodilator. Data analysis was done by using t-test and Chi-square test.
    Results
    Among294 studied patients, 223 individuals (75.9%) were male. None of the patients had absolute deficiency of A1AT, and only13 patients (4.4%) had a relative deficiency of A1AT. There was a statistically significant relationship between relative deficiency of A1AT and the severity of COPD in a way that in most of the cases, relative deficiency of this enzyme was associated with severe and very severe airway obstruction.
    Conclusion
    Based on the results of the present study and other similar studies in Iran, absolute and relative deficiency of A1AT in Iran has less frequency compared to other regions of the world and other factors such as cigarette smoking, opium addiction and consumption of fossil fuels have a more significant role in the prevalence of COPD in Iran.
    Keywords: Alpha-1 Antitrypsin (A1AT), Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), Prevalence
  • Morteza Hashemian, Mohammad Reza Aflatoonian, Behnaz Aflatoonian, Mohammad Esmaeil Akbari * Pages 111-117
    Background
    Breast cancer is the most common fatal cancer among women worldwide and it has an increasing rate in Iranian women. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship of gravidity with removed lymph nodes and involved lymph nodes after mastectomy surgery in women with breast cancer.
    Methods
    In this descriptive-analytical study, 111 women with breast cancer, who had undergone mastectomy surgery, were studied. Demographic and clinical characteristics of patients were extracted from their medical files and recorded in a questionnaire. Data were analyzed through SPSS 22 and by using descriptive statistics, ratios differences, mean differences and linear regression.
    Results
    Mean age of patients was 49.8± 10.9 years and mean BMI was 27.4 ± 5.4 Kg/m2. Mean number of removed lymph nodes was 7.8 ± 5.2 and in 50% of the patients, mean number of involved lymph nodes after the surgery was 4.2 ± 3.5. The disease was significantly more prevalent among those who were employed, married, had academic education, and aged over 45 years. According to Linear regression model, each 1.06 year age increase was significantly associated with one more removed lymph node and each gravidity increase was associated with one less removed lymph node and approximately two more involved lymph nodes after the surgery.
    Conclusion
    The results showed that age and gravidity are the most effective factors in the development of lymphadenopathy, especially in increasing the involved lymph nodes after the surgery. Therefore, enhancing the awareness of women about appropriate screening methods for early detection of breast cancer and regular check-ups after surgery is essential to reduce the probable problems.
    Keywords: Breast cancer, Surgery, Pregnancy, Lymph Node
  • Ali Sharifi *, Azadeh Kazemipoor, Hamid Sharifi Pages 118-124
    Background
    The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of phacoemulsification and the implantation of intraocular lenses (IOL) combined with trabeculectomy supplemented by releasable sutures and antimetabolite agents.
    Methods
    Phacotrabeculectomy was performed in 36 eyes of 30 patients who hadmedically uncontrolled Intraocular pressure (IOP) or were nonreliable for medical therapy and had significant cataract, or had low Visual Activity (VA) due to cataract and simultaneous uncontrolled or medically controlled IOP with at least 2 medications. Mitomycin C (0.02%) for 1-3 minutes was applied in all cases. Scleral flap was sutured with permanent (loose) and releasable (tight) 10-0 nylon sutures. The releasable sutures were removed in the first to third postoperativeweeksif IOP was more than 12mmHg. If bleb was vascularized or flat, and IOP was high or borderline (>16mmHg), 5FU was injected subconjunctivally 1-3 weeks after the surgery. If postoperative IOP was more than target pressure, antiglaucoma medications were used.
    Results
    Eight eyes (22.2%) required releasable suture removal. Mean preoperative IOP was 28.4±9.4 (12-52) mmHg. Totally, 33 eyes (91.7%) had primary open angle glaucoma, two eyes (5.5%) had posttraumatic glaucoma and one eye (2.8%) had exfoliative glaucoma (XFG). Mean postoperative final IOP was 12.1±3.9 (5-22) mmHg (P
    Conclusion
    It seems, this method is an effective and safe procedure for patients with coexisting cataract and glaucoma.
    Keywords: Phacotrabeculectomy, Releasable suture, Antimetabolite agents
  • Fatemeh Mirzaie *, Hajar Vatankhah, Peyman Arasteh Pages 125-131
    Background
    Epidemiologic studies have shown the relationship of maternal hemoglobin level and abnormal findings in uterine Doppler sonography with pregnancy- related complications. In this study, we evaluated the relationship of uterine artery Doppler velocimetry findings and hemoglobin level with the outcomes of pregnancy in women with preeclampsia and healthy women.
    Methods
    In this prospective study performed from September 2013 to September 2014, 50 patients with Preeclampsia in the third trimester (more than 28 weeks) referred to Afzalipour Hospital, Kerman/ Iran and 50 healthy pregnant women who attended the perinatology clinic for prenatal care, were randomly selected. The results of uterine artery Doppler, hemoglobin concentration and outcome of pregnancy were compared between the two groups.
    Results
    Twenty nine patients (51%) with preeclampsia and 17 patients (34%) in the control group had abnormal Doppler findings. In both groups, birth weight was lower in women with abnormal Dopller findings compared to the women who had normal sonography findings (p=0.024 and p=0.008, respectively); furthermore, in both groups, gestational age at birth time was lower in women with abnormal sonography findings (p=0.044 and p=0.012, respectively). The average hemoglobin concentration was not statistically different between the two groups and abnormal Doppler findings showed no significant relationship with the mean concentration of hemoglobin in none of the two groups.
    Conclusion
    This study showed that abnormal findings in Doppler of the uterine artery are associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes such as low birth weight and premature births and the coexistence of preeclampsia is associated with worse pregnancy outcomes.
    Keywords: Doppler sonograghy, hemoglobin, Perinatal outcome, Pregnancy, preeclampsia
  • Freshteh Rahimi, Saeed Sadigh-Eteghad *, Alireza Dehnad, Javad Mahmoudi, Laila Baradaran Pages 132-140
    Background
    Diabetes is a metabolic disorder with adverse effects on haematological parameters level, oxidative stress and antioxidant defence system. This study aimed to investigate the effects of Rosa canina (RC) fruit hydro alcoholic extract on oxidative stress, total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and haematological parameters in diabetic mice.
    Method
    In this study, 96 mice were randomly divided into the four groups (n=24). The control and diabetic groups received normal saline (p.o., 0.2 ml). Also, RC and treatment (diabetes) groups received RC hydro alcoholic extract (p.o., 500 mg/kg). Diabetes was induced by a single dose of streptozotocin (i.p., 200 mg/kg).The study parameters were evaluated on day 10, 20, and 30 after the initiation of experiments.
    Results
    In the second and third sampling days, WBCs, lymphocytes, haemoglobin, RBC, MCV, MCHC, platelets, TAC and weight had a significant reduction (p
    Conclusion
    Based on our results, RC fruit extract has a regulatory role in controlling oxidative stress, serum TAC and hematologic factors in mice model of diabetes.
    Keywords: oxidative stress, Total antioxidant capacity, hematological parameters, Diabetes, Rosa canina, mice
  • Mohammad Saba, Hossein Ali Ebrahimi Meimand *, Ali Shahrabi, Aazam Dehghani Pages 141-146
    Background
    Renal transplantation (RT) is the transplantation of a kidney into a patient with end-stage renal disease and has become the treatment of choice for most patients with end-stage renal disease. The knowledge of renal vascular variations is of a great importance for the surgeons who approach the kidneys from the retroperitoneal or laparoscopic route for renal transplants. The aim of this study was to detect renal vascular variations of kidney donors in Kerman by using CT angiogram.
    Methods
    This cross-sectional study examined the CT angiograms of all kidney donors referred to the Radiology Ward of Shafa Medical center affiliated to Kerman University of Medical Sciences from 2010 to 2012.
    Results
    The results of CT angiograms of 344 kidney donors were as follow: Right Renal Arteries: 236 cases with one artery; 97 cases with two arteries; 9 cases with three arteries; and one case with four arteries Left Renal Arteries: 225 cases with one artery; 103 cases with two arteries; and 16 cases with three arteries Right Renal Veins: 277 cases with one vein and 12 cases with two veins Left Renal Veins: 279 cases with one vein and 10 cases with two veins.
    Conclusion
    There is no significant difference between our results and those of previous studies. In more than 30% of cases, our findings were associated with other incidental findings.
    Keywords: CT angiogram, renal transplantation, kidney, Renal artery, Renal vein
  • Mohammad Malakootian, Alireza Mesdaghinia, Shima Rezaei * Pages 147-158
    Background
    Photocatalytic process is used as a suitable method for o-chlorophenol removal. In this study, the efficiency of a mixture of modified fly ash and TiO2 nanoparticles in photocatalytic removal of o-chlorophenol was evaluated.
    Methods
    After acid washing of fly ash, the absorbent was oxidized with potassium permanganate. Then, the substrate mixture of modified fly ash and TiO2 nanoparticles was used for photocatalytic decomposition of o-chlorophenol.
    Results
    The percentage of carbon increased from 77.94% to 86.52% after acid washing of fly ash and absorption efficiency increased from 58.8% up to 83.3%. During the oxidation of acid washed fly ash, absorption efficiency reached to 93.27%. Photocatalytic removal efficiency of o-chlorophenol by mixture of modified fly ash and TiO2 increased to 98.9%. Photocatalytic removal efficiency of o-chlorophenol by TiO2/UV and without use of fly ash was 78.7%.
    Conclusion
    Industrial application of this method recommended because of the simple modification, high efficiency removal and prevention of environment pollution.
    Keywords: Modified absorbent, Fly Ash, O-chlorophenol, TiO2 nanoparticles, Photocatalytic, Mixture substance
  • Faride Doostan, Marziye Jahanshahi Jahanshahi, Farida Hassanzadeh, Mohammadreza Bazrafshani * Pages 159-165
    Background
    Distribution of hepatitis C virus genotypes varies geographically and can be associated with clinical aspects. The virus has six major genotypes and eleven sub-genotypes. According to the recent studies, in hepatitis C patients, treatment duration and ribavirin dosage should be determined based on the type of virus genotype. Because of contradictory results reported in different countries and races, the present study aimed to determine the genotype of hepatitis C and its relationship with viral load in HCV patients in Kerman, Iran.
    Methods
    The study included 106 patients with hepatitis C referred to Dr. Bazrafshani Medical Genetic Lab. in Kerman. Patients’ blood plasma was collected and used for virus genotyping and viral load determination by Real-Time PCR technique.
    Results
    From 106 studied patients, 82 ones were male (77.4%) and 24 ones were female (22.6%). Most frequent genotypes were respectively genotype 3 (55.7%) and genotype 1(44.3%). Viral load in genotype1 was greater than that in genotype 3 (P=0.011).
    Conclusions
    In this study, the predominant genotype was genotype 3. Therefore, treatment strategies should go towards type 3 virus. On the other hand, copy number of genotype 1virus was higher than that of type 3 that should be considered very important in determining the treatment duration in HCV patients.
    Keywords: hepatitis c virus_Genotype_Viral load_Real-time PCR
  • Hossein Heli *, Golamhossein Tondro, Naghmeh Sattar Ahmady, Rezvan Dehdari Vais, Hamed Veisikahreh Pages 166-170
    In the present study, nanoparticles of copper and copper oxides were synthesized and their antibacterial activity was evaluated and compared with silver nanoparticles. The nanoparticles were synthesized using facile chemical reactions, and then characterized using field emission scanning microscopy. The nanoparticles were stable for at least two weeks. The antibacterial activity of the nanoparticles against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcusfaecalis and Escherichia coli was investigated based on inhibition zone in disk diffusion assay. The minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration of the nanoparticles were also reported. Antibacterial activity of the nanoparticles showed better inhibitory activity against gram positive bacteria.
    Keywords: Copper, Nanoparticles, Antimicrobial activity, Disk diffusion method
  • Sina Safari, Ali Eskandarizade, Fereshteh Sadegh*, Fereshteh Hoseini Ghavam, Maryam Hejazi Pages 171-176
    This clinical report presents a case of abutment fracture, due to occlusal overload, occurred with an implant-supported restoration on right mandibular first molar of a female patient. After 6 months of prosthetic reconstruction implants, the patient returned to the clinic due to the loss of implant crown. The fractured fragment of the abutment with the screw protective cotton had remained within the crown of the first molar. A periapical radiograph was taken, which revealed that the base portion of the abutment had remained within the internal hex of the fixture. After removing the abutment screw, the base portion of the fractured abutment did not move due to the close connection and the presence of Morse taper. After applying the methods explained in previous studies, an ultrasonic tip was used counterclockwise to remove the base segment of the implant. The fractured segment of the implant was removed without destroying the implant. Various factors are responsible for the fracture of abutments, including excessive occlusal forces, implant position, implant diameter, inadequate prosthetic adjustment, prosthesis design, metal fatigue, manufacturing defects and galvanic activity. This paper explains the reasons for abutment fractures and a novel technique used to remove the fractured portion.
    Keywords: Implant, Abutment, Retrieval, Fracture