نشریه ارمغان دانش
سال بیست و سوم شماره 5 (پیاپی 130، آذر و دی 1397)

  The anti-diabetic effects of Walnut green skin have attracted many researchers in the recent years.The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of green skin extract on the serum level of sugar, lipid profile, and ALP, ALT, AST enzymes in adult male diabetic rats.

In the present experimental study, 32 adult male rats were divided into 4 groups of 8, including control, treated with medicine solvent, diabetic with 60 mg/kg dose of streptozotocin, and diabetic under 10 day treatment of 100 mg/kg dose of green skin extract of walnut groups. At the end, the serum level of glucose, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP), Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) enzymes are measured. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey tests.

The results of this study indicated that in diabetic animals, in comparison with control group, serum levels of ALP, ALT, AST enzymes, glucose, triglyceride, and LDL were increased, and HDL level decreased (P = 0.001). While in diabetic rats treated with green skin extract,in comparison with diabetic animals, the level of serum ALP, ALT, AST enzymes, glucose, triglyceride, and LDL decreased and HDL increased compared to diabetic animals(P = 0.001). The green skin extract of walnut with anti-diabetic effects reduces glucose, liver transaminases, and lipid profiles in diabetic animals

  The use of cyclophosphamide in the treatment of some diseases with its adverse side effects is imperative. Considering the well-known value of cinnamon extract, the present study aimed to evaluate its protective effect against the effects of cyclophosphamide on ovarian function in mice forty-nine adult rats were arranged in seven groups. No treatment control group, sham group was injected drug’s solvent, and treatment groups 1, 2, 3 were injected 5mg/kg/b.wt Cyclophosphamide daily. These groups were gavaged )0.5, 1, 2(mg/kg/b.wt Cinnamon extract daily. Group 4 was injected 5 mg/kg/b.wt Cyclophosphamide, and Group 5 was gavaged 2 mg/kg/b.wt Cinnamon extract. After 21 days, all rats were unconscious and blood was taken from their hearts. Immediately, the left ovary of them was removed and after fixation in 10% formalin solution and tissue processing, the sections with 5 micron thickness were prepared and studied. By centrifuging the blood, serum was isolated and the concentration of FSH and LH, estrogen and progesterone hormones was measured by ELISA method. The obtained data were analyzed with SPSS (18( and ANOVA, and they were compared with Duncan’s test. The study of prepared photomicrographs of ovarian tissue indicated that the mean of follicle types and corpus luteum presented a significant decline in the treatment of Cyclophosphamide and Cinnamon extract especially in maximum dose compared to the control group and increase compared to the treatment Cyclophosphamide (P<0.05). Compared to cyclophosphamide treatment, there was a significant increase in the level of P <0.05. Extract of cinnamon extract increased significantly compared to other groups. Significant increase in atherosclerosis was observed in cyclophosphamide treatment and its reduction in other treatments. Significant decrease in FSH and LH, estrogen and progesterone in cyclophosphamide treatment and their increase in other treatments were observed.

According to these results, the cinnamon extract with its antioxidant properties had a dose- dependent protective effect on the pituitary-gond axis, and by increasing the number of follicles and the level of ovarian hormones, it reduced the adverse effects of cyclophosphamide in the ovary. Therefore, further research is recommended on generalizing this result to humans.

  Entrance to university is accompanied with major changes in social relationships, expectations and roles that make the students susceptible for mental problems that one of them is emotional blow. Logotherapy is one of the methods of treatment for communication and emotional problems. The purpose of this research was to investigate the efficacy of group logo therapy on Symptoms of feeling loneliness and psychological hardiness of female students with love trauma syndrome.   The present research was of applied research type. The research method was semi-empirical with a pretest-posttest with control group design. Populations were all female students of Rasht Azad University and were selected through voluntary sampling method. Sample numbers were 30 students that gained high scores on Feeling loneliness (1980) And had the lowest score in psychological hardiness (1998) randomly assigned to control and experiment groups (each group included 15 students). The experiment group exposed to 10 instruction sessions of group logo therapy. But the control group did not receive any interventions. The data were analyzed through descriptive statistics method and multivariate covariance analysis (MANCOVA) in SPSS v.20.   The multivariate covariance analysis results for Feeling loneliness (F=9.76) and psychological hardiness (F=21.8) suggested that there was a significant difference between the Girls of experiment and control groups (P< 0.01). According to the posttest scores of the experiment control groups for these two variables, it was recognized that the Group Logo therapy has led to reduction in Feeling loneliness and increase in psychological hardiness among the Girls of the experiment group in comparison to the control group in the posttest stage.   The results of this study show that participating in Group Logo therapy meeting can affect reduction in feeling loneliness and promotion of psychological hardiness of female students with love trauma syndrome. Therefore it is possible to raise the level of meaningfulness of life by increasing the coping ability of individuals against psychological stress and reduced their loneliness.   Group Logo therapy, hardiness, loneliness, love Trauma, female students.

  Gastric cancer is one of the most common cancers in different parts of the world. Nowadays, nanoparticles, as an anticancer agent, have been considered in research on cancer treatment. Since the P53 gene has been identified as a tumor suppressor gene in many cancers, the aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of P53 gene on AGS gastric cancer cells after the effects of palladium nanoparticles.

The present experimental study was conducted from April to September 2011 in Varamin Islamic Azad University. In this study, AGS and normal HEK293 cancer cells were treated for 48 hours at different concentrations of palladium (5700.570, 57.5, μg / ml) nanoparticles. The effect of nanoparticles on cell survival was measured by MTT method. Extracting RNA and synthesizing of cDNA was determined. Finally, expression of P53 gene was evaluated using Real Time PCR. The collected data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA.

The results of cell toxicity indicated that in high concentrations of palladium nanoparticles, cell proliferation significantly lead to cell death compared to the control group (P = 0.002). The results of the Real Time PCR test disclosed that P53 gene expression was not significantly increased in comparison with the reference gene during 48 hours (P = 0.09).

Palladium nanoparticles presented an ability to destroy the AGS cancer cell line compared to the normal HEK293 class, but this was not due to the increased expression of the P53 gene. More studies are desirable to determine the type of cell death caused by the toxicity of palladium nanoparticles.

The emotional schema model emphasizes on evaluation and interpretation of anxiety symptoms and emotion regulation strategies. The present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of Emotional Schema Therapy (EST) on anxiety sensitivity and emotion regulation strategies.

The present research was a semi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest control group. The statistical population of the present study was adolescent girls with social anxiety disorder who were studying in the high schools of Delfan, Iran, during the academic year 2016-2017. For this purpose, 32 students with clinical symptoms of social anxiety were selected with screening method and were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The Social Phobia Inventory (SPIN) with clinical interviews were used for screening, the Anxiety Sensitivity Index (ASI) and Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ) were used to collect data in two conditions (pretest and posttest). then, the experimental group participated in the main intervention process of emotional schema therapy, which was directed by a PhD student of psychology in 10 sessions of 90 minutes, while the control group received no treatment intervention. Data were analyzed using SPSS software (ver 23) and multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA).

The results showed that in the experimental group in the post-test phase compared with the control group, the mean scores of anxiety and emotional regulation suppression were significantly decreased (P <0.001) however, the mean scores of the emotion regulation Was significantly increased (P <0.001). (Use numbers and figures in the findings.

The study findings proposed that emotional schema therapy can be used as an effective intervention in order to reduce symptoms of social anxiety and improved emotion regulation strategies in the people with clinical symptoms of social anxiety.

  Trichomoniasis is the most common non-viral sexually transmitted disease worldwide. In previous studies in women referred to the Yasuj gynecologic clinic, Trichomonas vaginalis infection was reported by three clinical diagnosis (19/04% - 28%), microscopic (42/9% - 41%) and polymerase chain reaction (11%). Parasite resistance to metronidazole is a therapeutic problem. In this resistance, mutation in the parasite ferredoxin gene plays an important role. In the present study, frequency of mutation and determination point of the mutation in this gene, in isolated parasites from patients referring to Yasuj women's clinic in 2017 were investigated.   In the present descriptive study, forty-six patients with clinical signs of vaginitis were selected. Then, they were asked to fill out a questionnaire. Two swabs of each vaginal sample were taken from each patient. One specimen in a test tube containing physiological serum for microscopic examination and another sample was placed in Dorset medium for growth of the parasite. DNA extraction were extracted using a kit and PCR experiments were performed to confirm the presence of trichomonas vaginalis and fiducoxin genes two times. The sequences of fibridoxin gene pseudo-bands were sequenced by South Korean bioresorpants and blast in the NCBI database to find the location of the mutation. The results were analyzed using descriptive statistics and statistical methods.   Out of forty-six samples, twenty samples (43.44%) were positive for Trichomonas vaginalis in microscopic and culture media and twelve samples (20.08%) were positive in PCR. The ferredoxin gene was reproduced and sequenced in these 12 samples. No mutation in ferredoxin gene was detected in any of the studied samples.   Changes in the ferredoxin gene resulted in metronidazole discontinuation in the treatment of trichomoniasis, which was not seen in the present study samples. It meant that there was no therapeutic resistance associated with ferredoxin gene in these specimens.

  The students’ physical health and the proper formation of their musculoskeletal system is a basic requirement for children’s overall health. Most of the musculoskeletal chronic pain can be controlled and reduced by early childhood education and training. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of postural deformities in overweight and obese girls in elementary schools of Yasuj the present cross-sectional study was carried out in the school year of 2017-2018 using multistage cluster sampling. At the first stage, 1215 students in grades four to six from six schools in Yasuj, Iran, were examined and finally, with following the inclusion criteria, 236 students were enrolled. The data were collected using a chessboard, Vernier caliper and the New York Test. The height and weight of the participants were measured to calculate the BMI according to WHO guidelines. BMI was categorized according to age and gender by using the CDC’s determination software of body mass index for individuals under the age of 18. The prevalence of musculoskeletal abnormalities in overweight and obese students and prevalence of overweight and obesity in 1215 students in the primary sample was 12.8% and 6.6%, respectively. The waist circumference is almost 60% higher and the knee bracelet has the lowest prevalence rates of approximately 11% with abnormalities. Also, more than 58% of these students had 3 abnormalities and more. More The high prevalence of musculoskeletal deformity among obese and overweight students represents a real treat to their health status, and emphasizes on the necessity of planning the preventive and controlling interventions as the priorities in the health programs.

  Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease in the central nervous system that is associated with degeneration of the myelin of neural system. One of the most important cytokines that are involved in the susceptibility to MS disease is beta-stimulating factor (TGF-β).The smurf2 gene plays an important role in determining the competence of the cell in response to the signaling pathway of TGF- β. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the role of the smurf2 gene in this signaling pathway and its association with clinical factors in MS patients.

Blood samples obtained from 50 MS patients and 50 normal. First, 2ml of peripheral blood sample were taken from all patients. Then complementary DNA synthesis (cDNA), relative gene expression was obtained using Real Time PCR method and the data were analyzed by statistical methods.

The present study indicated that the relative expression of Smurf2 gene was significantly decreased in MS patients compared with control group) P value= 0.03(.

Since smurf2 is a protein involved in the signaling pathway of TGF- β, here the reduction of the expression of smurf2 on this pathway may be such that it affected the pathway initiator primary ligand causing abnormalities in the cell and ultimately may affect neuronal differentiation.

  Klebsiella pneumonia, is the most significant member of the enterobacteiaceae, which is one of the most important pathogen involved in health care associate infections. The capsular polysaccharide is a prominent virulence factor in the pathogenesis of this organism and serotypes K1and K2 are the most virulent types in human infections. The main aims of this study were to assess the antimicrobial susceptibility and to determine the distribution of serotypes K1, K2 by detecting of wzc and orf10 genes in clinical isolates of K. pneumoniae.

In the present cross-sectional study, a total number of 149 clinical isolates of K. pneumoniae were collected from patients admitted to educational hospitals of Qazvin. Bacterial identification was performed by standard laboratory methods. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by standard Kirby–Bauer disk diffusion method according to the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guideline. PCR assay was further performed for the detection of wzc and orf10 genes related to serotypes K1 and K2, respectively. The data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics and chi-square.

totally, 98 (65.8%) of isolates showed multidrug resistance (MDR) pattern among those ceftazidime (61.8%) and cefotaxime (60.4%) showed the highest rates of resistance whereas amikacin and ciprofloxacin revealed high susceptibility rates as 91.3% and 59.1%, respectively. Results of the PCR assay showed that 79 (53%) isolates related to K1serotype, 19 (12%) to K2 serotype and 51 (34%) of isolates were belonged to non K1/ K2 serotypes. no significant association was seen between serotypes K1, K2 and MDR pattern (P< 0.05).

the present study indicated considerable rate of serotypes K1, K2 with MDR pattern among clinical isolates of K. pneumoniae collected from Qazvin hospitals. Considering the major role of these serotypes with high rates of drug resistance in different clinical infections, using of appropriate infection control measures and treatment strategies are essential to prevent further dissemination of these virulent and resistant isolates in studied hospitals.

  Hydatid disease of urinary tract is limited to renal involvement by echinococcus granolosus. Involvement of other parts of the urinary tract has been limited. However, the other types of echinococcuses are rare. The aim of this study was to report experiences with renal hydatid cyst, and a brief review of articles.   In the present study, 16 patients aged 9 to 61 were operated in Yasuj, Iran, from September 2001 to September 2005. Diagnostic methods included ultrasound, CT scan, MRI and serologic tests. Fourteen patients were diagnosed by open surgery with peristaltic neoplasia through peristaltic peristalsis and 2 patients diagnosed with renal tumor, but their pathology was diagnosed. In addition, in this study review was carried out of the published English-language studies in Pabmind and Scopus.   The mean age of the patients 39 years (9 to 61 years), the ratio of women to men, serologic tests were negative in both cases, which were negative for nephrectomy, ultrasound, CT scan and MRI had no specific differentiation for renal hydatid cyst.   Renal hydatid cyst is still one of the health problems that should be considered. Due to advances in imaging techniques, rapid diagnosis of kidney hydatid cyst is possible, but renal hydatid cyst should be rejected in any cystic mass in the kidney, especially in endemic areas before surgery.