نشریه ارمغان دانش
سال بیست و یکم شماره 12 (پیاپی 119، اسفند 1395)

The uterus as the major female reproductive organ is particularly vulnerable to environmental and hormonal like compounds. Exposure to estrogen like disrupting chemicals during critical periods of development especially in the neonatal period can have adverse effects on reproduction and fertility later in life. In this study, the effects of neonatal exposure of mycoestrogen zearalenone and anti-estrogen tamoxifen on some histological characteristics of the uterus in female mice were investigated.
Material and 28 newborn female mice of BALB/c strain were divided into four groups (n=7): three experimental and one control group. Treatment Groups included Tamoxifen (400 μg /kg /day) group, group treated with zearalenone (2 mg /kg /day) and group treated with tamoxifen zearalenone. Control mice received no treatment. Daily treatments was started first day of life and continued up to 5 subcutaneously. Then about 70 days after birth in diestrous stage of estrous cycle, mice were deeply anesthetized and uterus was removed from the body. Following histochemical staining, the samples were studied using light and transmission electron microcopies.
The result of this study showed that in between the treatment groups, body weight decreased significantly (P>0.05) in group which received Tamoxifen, compared with control group. Uterus weight increased significantly in Zearalenone group (P>0.05) and Tamoxifen Zearalenone group (P>0.01). Endometrial thickness increased significantly (P>0.05) in group which received Tamoxifen and decreased significantly (P>0.05) in group which received Zearalenone. In addition, myometrial thickness decreased significantly (P>0.05) in group which received Zearalenone compared with control group. The study of electron microscopy showed that the number of cells of uterine luminal epithelial structure increased in the group treated with Tamoxifen compared with control group.
The result of present study indicates that neonatal administration of Tamoxifen and Zearalenone compounds cause histological lesions in uterus structure. Because of the estrogenic nature of zearalenone, the treated neonatal mice with this mycotoxin cause structural abnormalities especially in myometrial structure. On the other hand, Tamoxifen as an estrogenic agonist cause endometrial thickness increase and alterations in the uterus.

Lipocalin-2 (LCN-2) with Interleukin1-β (IL1-β) are inflammatory proteins that induced the inflammatory reactions due to insufficient of physical activity. The purpose of the current study was to determine the effect of high intensity interval training on Lipocalin-2 and Interleukin1-β gene expressions in fast- and slow muscles of rats.
In the current study 20 Wistar rats were divided into HIIT and control groups. HIIT protocol was performed 60 min in each session for four sessions in each week. After warm-up, HIIT group was carried out 15 × 4 min bouts of HIIT with 85 to 90% of VO2max that continued with three min recovery (between each bout of HIIT) with 70% of VO2max. LCN-2 and IL1-β and their gene translations were evaluated by commercial kits and Real-Time PCR method, respectively.
Findings shown that VO2max was significantly increased and serum levels of LCN-2 and IL1-β were significantly decreased (p It seems that, current HIIT protocol has capability to significantly decrease both muscular and serum levels of inflammatory biomarkers such as LCN-2 and IL1-β in male rats. Particularly, results of current study shown that LCN-2 and IL1-β decreases are greater in EDL muscles.

lack of physical activity increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, pulmonary function and sleep quality and regular physical activity can reduce many of these risk factors. The aim of this study was The effect of aerobic training on serum nitric oxide level, functional indices of lung and sleep quality in women with Type 2 Diabetes.
In this quasi-experimental study, 20 overweight women with type 2 diabetes (mean age 6/5 ± 4/47 years and mean BMI 9/2 ± 1/29 kg/m2) were selected and randomly assigned into two exercise (n = 12) and control (n = 8) groups. Exercise training was performed in six weeks (4 days a week, with 50% - 80% heart rate reserve). Before and after exercisen FVC, FEV1 and serum nitric oxide level were measured and PSQI questionnaire was used to assess sleep quality. data analysis was performed using T-test, co-variance test and Pearson correlation test which, p Value The results showed a significant decrease in sleep quality score and a significant increase in NO, FVC and FEV1 compared to the control group (p≤0 / 05 ). No significant relationship was observed between the volumes of pulmonary and score of sleep quality (P≥0 / 05).
It seems that aerobic exercise training can be considerable impact on serum nitric oxide, pulmonary functions and thereby improve the sleep quality in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Nowadays, the probiotic bacteria such as lactobacilli are known as prevention factor for various disease especially cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the cytotoxic effect of Lactobacillus casei PTCC 1608 cell extract as probiotic bacteria on colon cancer cell line (HT29) and analysis of Bax and Bcl2 apoptosis gene expression.
In this experimental study, the cell extract of heat killed L. casei was prepared in 0.01, 0.1, 1, 10, 100 and 1000 µg/ml concentration and subsequently, the cytotoxicity of various cell extracts on HT29 and HEC293 cell lines were evaluated in 24 hours using MTT assay. Moreover, the Bax and Bcl2 apoptosis gene expression level in HT29 cell line was analyzed using Real Time PCR. The apoptotic effects of cell extract was determined using Flow-cytometry technique. Finally, the collected data were statistically analyzed using one-way anal­ysis of variance with the SPSS/18 software.
The results of MTT test show that cell extracts of L. casei is able to reduce the survival rate of HT29 cell line to 0.95±0.44, 73.45±0.21, 51.49±0.87, 39.5±0.45 and 19.7±0.55. In addition to, the Real Time PCR results indicated the expression level of Bax and Bcl2 was increased and decreased respectively, in HT29 cell line (2.76 ± 0.54 (P The results show that the cell extract of L. casei PTCC 1608 could induced the apoptosis in HT29 cell line and it had low toxicity on HEC293 cell line. Therefore, it seems that L. casei has potential uses as probiotic for pharmaceutical applications including prevention and treatment of colon cancer.

Acinetobacterbaumannii has emerged as a medically important pathogen because of the increasing number of infections produced by this organism over the preceding three decades and the global spread of strains with resistance to multiple antibiotic classes. So, aim of this research, amplification, cloning and sequencing two virulence factor genes Acinetobacterbaumannii isolated from patients.
Collecting samples of Acinetobacterbaumannii taken from different clinical cases of wounds, septicemia, and urinary tract infections. That was accomplished by taking (30) samples from Imam Ali and Kashani hospitals Shahrekord Township. Samples were cultured on solid media (McConkey and blood agars), and according to microscopical, cultural, and biochemical were identified. The coding sequence of AcinetobacterbaumanniiompA and smpA genes was isolated by PCR method. The ompA and smpA genes was inserted into pTZ57R/T as T/A cloningvector. Transformation was confirmed with plasmid extraction, followed by double digestion and PCR methods.
A. baumannii isolates were identified in 10 different patients. All isolates (33.33%) were recovered from patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). As a result of PCR and double digestion two band 1150 and 411bp ompA and smpA genes respectively were observed. The sequences was found to be 90-95% similar to that ref sequences obtained in GenBank. The sequence of ompA and smpA genes amplified by the specific primer is closely matched (90 and 95% respectively) with aA. baumannii strains.
Transformation experiments revealed that these plasmids were capable to transform E. coli NB, an observation which indicates the ability of these plasmids to easy carrier large sequence into host. The ompA and smpA genes had “perfect” match (similarity, 90 and 95% respectively) with sequences of their corresponding gene (ompA and smpA genes) from GenBank as determined by using BLAST. So of this genes can used to construct DNA vaccine against Acinetobacterbaumannii.

Adherence is the degree of patient's success to do the health experts recommendations. The aim of present research was study the effects of motivational interviewing on adherence to in obese patients undergoing sleeve gastrectomy surgery.
The design of present semi- experimental study was pre-test, post-test with control group. The statistical population included all obese patients (BMI≥35) that undergone laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy surgery in Shiraz Ghadir Mother & Child Subspecialty Hospital, during the winter of 1394 and the spring of 1395. 30 of them were selected by using available sampling method and they randomly were asssigned to experimental (n=15) and control groups (n=15). The post bariatic surgery self-management behaviors questionnaire was used to collect data in two steps (pre-test and post-test). Motivational interviewing was implemented for the experimental group in four weeks (each week a 1/5 hour session). Data were analysed by using multivariate covariance analysis (MANCOVA).
MANCOVA results show that motivational interviewing led to a statistically significant difference between pre-test and post-test BSSQ total scores (P0/07).
According to this study results, implementation of motivational interviewing is effective and appropriate in order to enhance adherence and self-management behaviors, achieve favorable weight loss & reduce postoperative complications, in obese patients undergoing sleeve gastrectomy surgery, but it appears that longer interventions are necessary to increase the rate of physical activity.

Background and Aim. Fluoroquinolones are one of the most commonly used broad spectrum classes of antibiotics with increasingly drug resistance. The present study was aimed to investigate mutation in grlA and norA genes in fluoroquinolone resistant strains of S. aureus.
In this cross-sectional study, 85 strains of S. aureus was isolated from different clinical samples by biochemical and molecular tests. Susceptibility to fluoroquinolones in the isolates was tested by the disc diffusion method and broth macrodilution method was used to investigate ciprofloxacin minimum inhibitory concentration. Mutations in the quinolone resistance-determining regions (QRDR) in chromosomal grlA gene and norA gen mutations was investigated in quinolone-resistant S. aureus isolates, by PCR amplification of grlA and norA genes and sequencing.
Results. Out of 85 tested bacteria, 17 (20%) isolates recognized as fluoroquinolones resistant. Minimum inhibitory concentration of ciprofluxacin for resistant isolates ranged between 32 to 512 µg/ml. Two single point mutations S80F and P144S and one double mutation S80F P144S were determined in grlA gene of Fluoroquinolone resistant strains of S. aureus but none of resistant strains showed mutation in norA gene.
Conclusion. The obtained results demonstrated that grlA gene mutation is one of the most important mechanisms of resistance to ciprofloxacin in clinical isolates of S. aureus in Rasht and most of resistant isolates acquired common mutation in codon 80.

Aim & Twin pregnancy in the tube is a few and due to more frequent use of ovulatory medicine and increased maternal mortality rate. In this article, we report a case of untitled twin ectopic pregnancy.
Case study: The pregnant women was a 28 year-old to had a history infertility, PCOD, Abortion and cortege, too have one 5 years girl by CS and Mild cramp pain in both abdominal lower quadrants and metroreghia . That have not treatment by projection.
The ultra-sonography showed a twin pregnancy uterus with a moderate amount of fluid in pelvic cavity was seen. And do salpanjectimy surgery.
We report one Untitled Spontaneous Twin Ectopic Pregnancy, is necessary any pregnant woman with positive BhCG and metrorhoghia must be considered for Ectopic pregnancy. To decrease maternal mortality rate.