فهرست مطالب

Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences - Volume:20 Issue: 3, 2016

Journal of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences
Volume:20 Issue: 3, 2016

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1395/09/29
  • تعداد عناوین: 6
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  • Zohreh Rahimi * Page 84
    Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a major microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus and is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Genetic, metabolic, systemic, and renal hemodynamic factors are involved in the pathogenesis of DN. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs), hypertension, oxidative stress, inflammation, and genetic susceptibility are risk factors for susceptibility to DN and its development. Management approaches of DN are based on the inhibitors of some components of the renin angiotensin aldosterone system (RAAS), AGEs, and protein kinase C (PKC) and combined antioxidants therapy with anti-inflammatory agents. The present review looks at some mechanisms involved in DN and its progression and also management approaches according to the inhibition of the risk factors of the disease.
  • Nematollah Ghaibi, Mohammad Sofiabadi, Sharam Rastak, Negar Taherkhani, Zahra Mohammadi, Zahra Golpour Page 90
    Introduction
    Tyrosinase is a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of melanin, which plays a crucial role in determining mammal’s skin and hair color. In this experimental study, the inhibitory effect of different extracts of propolis were investigated on tyrosinase activity.
    Methods
    Tyrosinase activity was measured in the presence of ethanolic, methanolic and hexanolic extracts of propolis by using thermal denaturation (Catecholase and cresolase reaction). Also the tyrosinase stability was examined in the presence of the extracts with the chemical (urea) denaturation method. Data were analyzed with SPSS software using ANOVA and Tokey post hoc test.
    Results
    Tm was 56.1 °C for tyrosinase in the absence of the extract and 47.4, 53.4 and 40.2 °C in the presence of ethanolic, methanolic and hexanolic extracts of propolis, respectively. Also ΔG 25 °C values were obtained 16.03 in the absence of the extracts and 13.5 (p
    Conclusion
    Ethanolic, methanolic and hexanaloic extracts of propolis are appropriate inhibitors for the tyrosinase. These reduce the thermal and chemical tyrosinase stability.
    Keywords: Tyrosinase, propolis extract, inhibition, stability, structure
  • Sara Karbalaeifar, Abbas Ali Gaeini, Mohammad Reza Kordi, Reza Nuri, Pedram Ghorbani Page 94
    Introduction
    Myocardial infarction (MI) is the irreversible cell death caused by ischemia in parts of myocardium. The molecular process of increased capillary density in response to activity and its appropriate intensity is not clear yet. Therefore, this research aimed to evaluate the effect of 6-week high intensity interval training on the VEGF/COL-18 ratio and echocardiographic indices in rats with MI.
    Methods
    Twelve Wistar male rats of 10 weeks old and mean weight 250-300gr were allocated to two groups of experimental (60 minutes of interval treadmill running for four minutes with the intensity of 85-90 and two minutes of active rest at 50-60 percent of VO2max for four days a week for 6 weeks) and control group (without any training). Real-time PCR was used to assess the expression of VEGF and COL-18 genes after inducing MI, and shortening fractional and ejection fraction were investigated as echocardiographic indices. Data were analyzed in SPSS18 using independent t test (α≤ 0.05).
    Results
    The findings showed that there was no significant increase in the VEGF/COL-18 ratio in the HIIT group (1.856 mg/ml) as compared with the control group (1.245 mg/ml) (p=0.263). A significant increase was observed in the HIIT group for SF (77.461±7.022%) and EF (41.625±6.847%) as compared with the control group (64.483±3.695%) and (31.320±3.460%), respectively (p=0.001).
    Conclusion
    In general, 6 weeks of high intensity interval training can effectively increase angiogenesis factors and improve myocardial function in male Wistar rats after MI.
    Keywords: angiogenesis, myocardial infarction, high intensity interval training
  • Majid Kermani, Mohsen Dowlati, Ahmad Jonidi Jafari, Roshanak Rezaei Kalantari Page 99
    Introduction
    Air pollution, especially particulate matter, is one of the main causes of mortality in humans. Therefore, the present study aimed to estimate health risks attributed to particulate matters of 2.5 microns or less (PM2.5) in Tehran air in the last ten years (2005-2014).
    Methods
    In this descriptive–analytical study, hourly data of pollutants were obtained from Tehran’s Environmental Protection Agency and Air Quality Control Company and validated according to the WHO guidelines. Required statistical parameters were calculated for quantifying the health impacts and finally the processed data were converted to the format required by AirQ software in Excel® and the health impacts were quantified.
    Results
    The results showed that the ratio of annual mean concentration of PM2.5 in Tehran to standard values of Iran and WHO was 3.49, 3.02, 3.3, 4.14, 3.83, 4.7, 4.73, 4.07, 4.32 and 3.61 respectively from 2005 to 2014. In addition, total death toll caused by exposure to PM2.5 was 20015 people in the last decade.
    Conclusion
    The results showed that, like any other pollutants, particulate matter especially PM2.5 adversely impacts human health. During the last decade, the amount of particulate matter in Tehran’s air and its related health risks extremely increased. An appropriate plan is therefore needed to control air pollution, especially particulate matter. ght:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-language: FA'> In general, 6 weeks of high intensity interval training can effectively increase angiogenesis factors and improve myocardial function in male Wistar rats after MI.
    Keywords: Air pollution, mortality, particulate matter, Tehran, AirQ model
  • Setareh Jani, Mehri Molaee Page 106
    Introduction
    Given the disruptive effects of personality disorders on personal and family life, it is essential to recognize their predisposing factors to understand them more accurately, and identify their preventive measures treatment facilitators. Therefore, the present study aimed to examine the relationship of severe personality disorders with behavioral activation and inhibition systems in patients with paranoid, borderline and schizotypal personality disorders.
    Methods
    The present descriptive-correlational study recruited patients with paranoid, borderline and schizotypal personality disorders presenting to psychiatry clinics in Ardebil using convenient sampling method. A total of 30 paranoid patients, 30 borderline patients and 20 schizotypal patients were selected by a psychiatrist through psychiatric examination, clinical interview and completing Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory (MCMI-III). The following instruments were used: MCMI- III and behavioral activation-inhibition system scale (BIS-BAS). The data were analyzed with Pearson’s correlation coefficient and stepwise regression.
    Results
    BIS and BAS systems were both significant for predicting borderline and paranoid personality disorders, but only BIS was significant for predicting schizotypal personality disorder.
    Conclusion
    These findings can help experts to have a better and more accurate understanding of personality disorders and use proper methods to predict the probability of these disorders and develop treatments. ne-height:115%;font-family:"Times New Roman","serif";mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language:EN-US;mso-bidi-language: FA'> In general, 6 weeks of high intensity interval training can effectively increase angiogenesis factors and improve myocardial function in male Wistar rats after MI.
    Keywords: Personality disorder, Schizotypal disorder, Paranoid disorder, BAS, BIS, Bo
  • Lima Tayebi, Masoomeh Karimi, Soheil Sobhan, Ardakani Page 111
    Introduction
    Medicinal plants are a major source of drugs for the majority of people in the world. Unfortunately, little data is available on the safety of medicinal plants, especially in terms of heavy metal contamination. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the potential risk of Pb and Cd in Shirazi thyme, sweet violet, pennyroyal and jujube marketed in Hamedan City in 2015.
    Methods
    After preparation of 3 samples of each medicinal plant and acid digestion of the samples according to standard methods, the concentration of elements in samples were determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) in 3 replicates. Also, all statistical analyses were performed in the SPSS software.
    Results
    The results showed that the maximum mean concentrations of Pb and Cd in specimens were 1420±30 and 40±30 µg/kg for thyme and viola, respectively. The results of health index for all samples were smaller than one for all samples. Also the mean concentrations of Pb and Cd in all samples were lower than WHO permissible limits.
    Conclusion
    Controlled consumption of medicinal plants has no adverse effects on the consumers’ health. However, given the increased use of pesticides, chemical fertilizers, sewage sludge and wastewater by farmers, it is recommended that medicinal plants be regularly monitored for chemical pollutants especially heavy metals.
    Keywords: Heavy Metals, Thyme, Violet, Pennyroyal, Jujube