فهرست مطالب
Journal of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences
Volume:21 Issue: 3, 2017
- تاریخ انتشار: 1396/10/04
- تعداد عناوین: 5
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Page 87IntroductionDexmedetomidine, which is an alpha 2 agonist, reduces the transmission of pain signals and has an independent inhibitory effect on nerve action potential. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of adding dexmedetomidine to lidocaine in an axillary block.MethodsIn this randomized, double-blind study 40 patients included patients were divided randomly into two groups of 20: In the first group, 39 cc of 1% lidocaine plus 1cc of normal saline was administered and the 2nd group received dexmedetomidine 1cc (100µg) in addition to 39 cc of 1% lidocaine. The onset and persistence of the sensorimotor block and hemodynamic changes including heart rate and systolic and diastolic blood pressure before, during, and after surgery were compared.ResultsAge, sex, type of surgery, duration of surgery, and other demographic characteristics were not significantly different in two groups (P>0.05). Onset of the sensory and motor block was similar in both groups, but the persistence of the sensory and motor block and analgesia in the treatment group was significantly higher (PConclusionThe results of this study showed that adding dexmedetomidine to lidocaine in an axillary block did not alter the onset of the sensory and motor block, but the sensory and motor block duration and analgesia was increased. Despite significant differences in hemodynamic responses between the two groups, these changes were not clinically significant in ASA1 patients.Keywords: Lidocaine, dexmedetomidine, axillary block, sensory block, motor block, hemodynamic
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Page 91IntroductionResistin is an adipocyte-specific hormone secreted from adipose tissue which plays a significant role in the energy homeostasis and regulation of energy metabolism. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of eight weeks of aerobic training on the resistin levels and insulin resistance in sedentary middle-aged women.MethodsIn this quasi-experimental research, 20 sedentary women were randomly selected and assigned to two groups: experimental group, n=10, aged 47.70±5.35; and control, n=10, age 41.30±3.02, respectively. The participants in the training group performed an exercise protocol three times per week with the goal of 55 to 65 per cent of maximum heart rate. Before and after the completion, the resistin, insulin, glucose and insulin resistance levels were measured after 12 h of overnight fasting. Data were analyzed before and after the intervention by t-test. The significant level was defined as P≤0.05.ResultsAerobic training in compared with the control group showed significant effect in decreasing resistin levels (P=0.012), BMI (P=0.01), insulin resistance (P=0.01), and increasing VO2 max (P=0.004).ConclusionIt appears that eight weeks of aerobic training significantly changes the level of resistin and the insulin resistance index in sedentary middle-aged women. Plasma resistin may be associated with insulin resistance in sedentary women. In general, according to the results, we may say that an eight-week aerobic training with a significant reduction in plasma resistin has a preventive effect as a new and effective training method on insulin resistance in middle-aged sedentary women.Keywords: aerobic exercise, resistin, insulin resistance, sedentary middle, aged females
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Page 96IntroductionNumerous studies suggest that polyvinyl chloride (PVC) has adverse effects on male sexual function and testicular tissue. Vitamin E (Vit E) is a dietary compound with antioxidant scavenging function for toxic free radicals.MethodsIn this experimental study, 36 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups (n=6) including control, Vit E (150 mg/kg/bw/day), PVC (200 mg/kg/bw/day), PVC (1000 mg/kg/bw/day), PVC (200 mg/kg/bw/day) Vit E (150 mg/kg/bw/day), PVC (1000 mg/kg/bw/day) Vit E (150 mg/kg/bw/day). The administration route was oral and experiment lasted 40 days. Each rat was weighed at the beginning and at the end of the experiment. Left testis was transferred to 10% formalin. The right testis was transferred to -70 ◦C for determining oxidative stress markers. Data were analyzed in SPSS software using Tukey test.ResultsOral administration of PVC significantly decreased body and testes weights in the male rats. Furthermore, PVC significantly reduced height of germinal epithelium, diameter of seminiferous tubules, number of Leydig cells as well as catalase and total antioxidant capacity levels (pConclusionExposure to PVC can cause testicular damage, while Vit E, as an antioxidant, may reduce destructive effects of PVC in rat testis.Keywords: Polyvinyl chloride_Vit E Testis_Oxidative stress_Rat
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Page 103IntroductionOf recent, Zika virus (ZIKV) has spread worldwide apart from its original geographical zone (Federated States of Micronesia). Investigations prove a relationship between ZIKV and microcephaly in newborn babies. Research on the essential proteins of this virus may help in preventing its epidemic.MethodsHerein, the in silico study for envelope protein of ZIKV and two other viruses, that is, dengue virus (DENV) and Spondweni virus (SPOV), was carried out. In the present study, the essential structural properties of the envelope protein of ZIKV were predicted using the bioinformatics tools such as PseAAC, GOR IV, BCPREDS, MHCPred, DiANNA, GlycoEP, and MEGA.ResultsEnvelope protein of ZIKV shares certain common features with DENV and SPOV. But our results show that ZIKV has similar structural features as SPOV in comparison to DENV.ConclusionBy understanding the differences and similarities in these viruses, we may find an appropriate treatment for ZIKV. Also, finding the effectively shared epitopes between the similar viruses could help in finding a common vaccine between these viruses.Keywords: Zika virus, Flavivirus, Envelope protein, Bioinformatics
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Page 115IntroductionFamily changes significantly by childbirth, which requires the family system to reconstruct in all aspects of life. These changes may cause tremendous challenges to mothers especially for the newborn. Therefore, the present study aimed to explore primiparous mothers experiences (childbirth to one-year-old).MethodsThis descriptive phenomenological (Husserl) qualitative research explored the lived experiences of nine primiparous mothers (childbirth to one-year-old) through individual interviews. Data were collected, documented, coded and organized in main themes and subthemes.ResultsSix main themes and seventeen subthemes emerged from data analysis (main themes include problems after childbirth, disturbing parents educational function, perceived emotions and excitements, perception of educational sources, perception of mothers role process motivators, and perception of growth-nurture supports).ConclusionExploring the lived experiences of primiparous mothers leads to a better understanding of their real needs and this can be used by care-planners and caregivers for providing better care to these mothers. Better planning and caring for primiparous mothers decreases their worries and helps them play their maternal role appropriately.Keywords: Lived experience, childbirth, qualitative research