فهرست مطالب

Iranian Journal Of Dermatology
Volume:20 Issue: 2, Summer 2017

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1396/04/25
  • تعداد عناوین: 7
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  • Hossein Sadeghi Tafti, Kazem Ahmadikia, Sara Rashidian, Seyed Hossein Hekmatimoghaddam, Zeinab Ayubi Yazdi Page 37
    Background
    Onychomycosis, the fungal infection of the toenails or fingernails, is caused by three major groups of fungi including dermatophytes, yeasts and non-dermatophyte molds. The objective of the present study was to determine the incidence of onychomycosis and to identify the causative fungi during a one year period in Yazd, Iran.
    Materials And Methods
    From Apr 2013 to Apr 2014 a total of 273 patients with suspected dermatophytosis were included in this study. Nail-clipping specimens of 71 clinically diagnosed cases of onychomycosis were obtained for mycological examination (KOH preparation and fungal culture). Identification of mycelial isolates was based on morphological appearance and microscopic characteristic of the colony. Supplementary methods for identification of dermatophytes were employed. The species of yeasts were identified by germ-tube and chlamydospore test, as well as colony color on chromogenic CHROMagar Candida medium, and the assimilation profile in API 20C Aux system.
    Results
    Of the 71 patients affected by nail disorders, 26 (36.6%) patients of onychomycosis including 54.9% male and 45.1% female (20 fingernails, 6 toenails) via direct examination and/or culture methods were diagnosed. saprophytic fungi were the most prevailing causative agents of onychomycosis and account for up to 69.2%(n=18) of cases, yeasts and dermatophytes were identified as causative agents of onychomycosis in 7 (26.9%) patients and 1 patient (3.8%), respectively. Distribution of fungal isolates was as follows: Aspergillus niger (26.9%), A. fumigatus (19.2%), Candida albicans (15.3%), A. flavus (11.5%), C. tropicalis (7.6%), Penicillium sp. (7.6%), C. dubliniensis (3.8%), Trichophyton mentagrophytes (3.8%) and Fusarium sp. (3.8%).
    Conclusion
    Because of considerable prevalence of onychomycosis, necessity for a careful mycological examination in patients with nail disorders is highlighted.
    Keywords: onychomycosis, dermatophyte, Candida, Aspergillus, yeasts
  • Niyati Parekh, Kailash Bhatia, Satguru Dayal, Rajesh Kataria, Hitesh Lokwani, Gagan Goyal, Rini Sharma, Amin Syed, Jushya Bhatia, Ankur Sarin, Lavin Bhatia Page 43
    Background
    Autologous serum skin test (ASST) evaluates the presence of any serum histamine-releasing factors and histamine-releasing autoantibodies. Autologous serum therapy (AST) is a therapy in which repeated injections of autologous serum are administered intramuscularly for treatment of chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU). The aim of this study is to evaluate the advantages and compare the results of the ASST and the efficacy of AST in CSU patients.
    Methods
    We included a total of 39 patients that presented with urticaria of more than 6 weeks duration in this study. Patients who suffered from acute urticaria, urticarial vasculitis, physical urticaria, and other systemic diseases known to cause urticaria were excluded. Standard tools and techniques were used to prepare autologous serum, injection of the serum, and interpretation of the results. The test result was implicated as positive and negative ASST.
    Results
    Out of 39 patients, 11 (27.5%) patients exhibited positive ASST reactions. Based on the urticaria total severity score (TSS), 10 patients were characterized as moderate severity whereas 29 patients were characterized as severe. There was no observed association of severity with ASST positivity. There was a significant decline in TSS at 15 weeks in both the ASST positive and negative groups. Study patients had a statistically significant response to AST, although differences between ASST positive and negative groups were not significant. This indicated the effectiveness of AST in both groups, irrespective of positive ASST results.
    Conclusion
    ASST was found to be an easy, useful, inexpensive test to detect autoimmune urticaria and classify CSU. AST is an easy, economic, and safe therapeutic tool for patients of refractory CSU with minimal discomfort, and no observed complications within the study period.
    Keywords: autologous serum skin test (ASST), chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU), autologous serum therapy (AST), chronic autoimmune urticaria (CAU)
  • Karjigi Siddalingappa, Sambasiviah Chidambara Murthy, Kallappa Herakal, Madagondanahalli Deepika Page 50
    Background
    Chronic urticaria (CU) is a common skin disorder that accounts for 15%-20% of dermatological cases. There is growing evidence that some cases of chronic idiopathic urticarial (CIU) are associated with various autoimmune diseases, including thyroid autoimmunity. This study aims to identify the thyroid profile, including thyroid autoantibodies, in patients with CU.
    Methods
    This case-control study included 100 patients with CU and 100 controls without urticaria. Males and females (age range: 20-40 years) who attended the Navodaya Medical College Hospital and Research centre were included. Participants underwent laboratory investigations that consisted of a complete blood count (CBC) thyroid autoantibodies, and other relevant investigations.
    Results
    Patients in the CU group had a male to female ratio of 1:2.1 and a mean age of 31.2 years. The control group had a male to female ratio of 1:1 and a mean age of 35 years. Antimicrosomal antibodies (AMA) were present in 14 (14%) patients, 13 females and 1 male. There were no autoantibodies in any of the control group participants. Among these 14 patients, 5 (35.71%) had elevated serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and one had coexistent anti-thyroglobulin antibodies. Other associated diseases included diabetes mellitus, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in one patient each.
    Conclusion
    Thyroid autoantibodies may play a role in persistent CU. Screening patients with persistent CU for thyroid functions, including thyroid autoantibodies, may help with proper management.
    Keywords: urticaria, thyroid, autoimmune, autoantibodies
  • Hassan Edalatkhah, Elmira Matin, Saeid Sadeghieh Ahari Page 54
    Background
    Acne vulgaris has a multifactorial pathogenesis; however, the exact role of genetic predisposition is not clear. Some studies have reported an association between familiy historyof acne and moderate to severe acne. In this study, we investigated the relationship between familiy history and prevalence of acne vulgaris in girls 8 to 13 years of age.
    Methods
    This case-control study enrolled 400 students. The participants were divided into two groups, case and control, with 200 students per group. The case group consisted of students with acne vulgaris and the control group included those without acne. The severity of acne was determined based on the Global Acne Grading Score (GAGS). The presence of acne in close relatives (father, mother, sister, brother) was determined through face to face interviews with participants’ mothers and phone contacts with other family members. All collected data were analyzed by SPSS software.
    Results
    The case participants had a mean age of 10.62±1.71 years and those in the control group had a mean age of 10.54±1.70 years, which was not statistically significant. The mothers with acne vulgaris had the highest odds ratio (OR: 2.719, 95% CI: 1.788-4.133) between the case and the control groups. The ratio of encountering the probability with both parents developing acne vulgaris between the two groups was 2.346 (95% CI: 1.571-3.503).
    Conclusion
    This study revealed a significant relationship between positive familial history of acne and prevalence of acne vulgaris.
    Keywords: acne vulgaris, familial risk, case, control study
  • Maryam Nasimi, Arghavan Azizpour, Robabeh Abedini, Alireza Ghanadan Page 59
    Morphea is an autoimmune connective tissue disease of the dermis and subcutaneous fat characterized by sclerosis due to excessive collagen deposition. Morphea is classified into different subtypes based on clinical and histological characteristics of cutaneous lesions. An extremely rare subtype of morphea is termed unilateral generalized morphea (UGM). UGM is characterized by indurated plaques on dermatomes of the trunk or back with a sharp midline demarcation line. Ipsilateral limbs may also be affected. There is still debate on whether this type of morphea should be considered as a distinct type or a presentation of linear morphea. Here we report the case of an 8-year-old boy with this type of morphea.
    Keywords: morphea, dermatomal, unilateral generalized morphea
  • Mazaher Ramezani, Samane Danaei, Masoud Sadeghi Page 63
  • Ismaeil Alizadeh, Elham Jahanifard, Mona Sharififard Page 65