Journal of Sciences, Islamic Republic of Iran
Volume:25 Issue: 3, Summer 2014

Tobacco is a salt-sensitive glycophyte crop species. In this work effect of silicone (Si) supplementation (1 mM as Na2SiO3) was studied in Nicotiana rustica L. cv. Basmas grown hydroponically in growth chamber under control, low (25 mM) and high (75 mM) NaCl concentration for two weeks. Dry matter production of leaves was depressed by salinity level as low as 25 mM and higher salt concentration decreased plants dry weight by 52-82%. Si supplementation alleviated salt stress effect as could be judged by higher dry weight of shoot and roots in +Si plants compared with –Si counterparts. Leaf chlorophyll a and carotenoids concentrations and net assimilation rate were higher in Si-treated plants not only in salt-affected but also in control plants. Si treatment resulted in higher concentration of soluble carbohydrates but not proline. Leaf transpiration rate, unexpectedly, was not diminished by Si and water use efficiency was rather lowered by Si in salt-treated plants. Si application caused a slight reduction of Na concentration while increased that of K and Ca significantly and resulted in higher K:Na ratio in the leaves, stem and roots. Our results suggested that Si application improved tolerance to salt stress in tobacco due to an enhancement of photosynthesis, accumulation of organic osmolytes as well as improvement of K:Na selectivity but not limiting water loss. In addition, greater dry matter production of Si-supplemented plants in the absence of salt was associated with elevated photosynthesis rate, higher K and Ca uptake and proline content.

were studied for flavonoid compounds. These constituents were analyzed using two-dimensional maps on silica gel 60F thin layer chromatography. The flavonoid compounds of each species were purified using column chromatography with sephadex LH20 and the type of flavonoid compounds was determined using UV spectra. Based on the findings, the highest flavonoid variations were related to hydroxylation and methoxylation patterns. Five flavonoid classes namely flavones, flavanones, flavonols, isoflavones and chalcones were determined. The flavones (92%) and isoflavones (15.6%) were the highest and the lowest flavonoid classes the eight Salvia species. In addition, a total of 60 flavonoid compounds were identified. Some flavonoid compounds in studied Salvia species were first reported for Iran. The amount of flavonoid compounds in S. reuterana, S. nemorosa and S. mirzayani (27, 24, 22 compounds, respectively) was more than the other Salvia species. In conclusion, the flavonoid compounds appear to be an appropriate marker in taxonomic status of Salvia.

A two-dimensional nanolayered polyoxomolybdate, [4,4´-H2bipy] [Mo7O22].H2O (1), where 4,4´-bipy = 4,4´-bipyridine, was prepared and characterized by FT-IR and atomic absorption spectroscopies, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray single crystal and powder diffraction (XRD), and thermogravimetric analysis. The catalytic performance of 1 was assessed in the epoxidation of some olefins employing tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) as oxidant and acetonitrile as solvent. Compound 1 showed moderate to excellent activity and selectivity towards the epoxidation of the olefins. Thermal, structural and catalytic stability of 1 as well as its reusability were examined. The effect of the catalyst amount and the nature of solvent on the activity of 1 were also investigated.

Echinocorys ex. gr. scutata is one of the most important echinids in the Upper Cretaceous deposits. In this regard, a stratigraphic section of the Farokhi Formation in the Central Iran is sampled. This formation is less known and described in the geology of Iran. According to the macropaleontological investigations, 1 genus and 1 specious of completely silicified Echinocorythidae are determined and described. In these investigations, the samples are regarded also from the statistical point of view.

Middle Jurassic (Bajocian-Bathonian) Sphenophyta fossils of the silicified level peats of the Pabdana Coal Mine (Kerman) recovered. Four new species of Sphenophyta described for the first time. They include Equisetites pabdanaii sp. nov., Equisetites sparseii sp. nov., Equisetites hojedkii sp. nov. and Equisetites irregularii sp. nov.,. Descriptions of the above mentioned new species has been done based on their exclusive length of internodes, rib shapes, grooves, jointed stems, ribs density, number of grooves and form of nodes location. Recovered specimens include huge stems, which their length and width ranges are 260-310mm and 140-150mm respectively. Recognized species are associated with some Bajocian –Bathonian genera including: Nilssonia, Podozamites and Phlebopteris. Comparison of the recognized species with equisetums to some parts of Gondwana indicated that the Kermanian equisetums are similar to those of Australia, China, Afghanistan, central and south of Europe. Therefore, the Kerman Basin was a part of Gondwana during the Bajocian – Bathonian time interval.

Let and be Banach algebras,, and. We define an -product on which is a strongly splitting extension of by. We show that these products form a large class of Banach algebras which contains all module extensions and triangular Banach algebras. Then we consider spectrum, Arens regularity, amenability and weak amenability of these products.

This article aims to provide a simple robust method to test the parameters of a normal population by using the new diagnostic tool called the “Forward Search” (FS) method. The most commonly used procedures to test the mean and variance of a normal distribution are Student’s t test and Chi-square test, respectively. These tests suffer from the presence of outliers. We introduce the FS version of these tests that is not affected by the outliers. The performances of these procedures are illustrated by some simulation studies and a real data example.

TiO2/Magnetit and TiO2/Nd/Magnetit were prepared and used for photocatalytic decomposition of the methylorange as a pollutant. TiO2 and TiO2/Nd were prepared by sol gel method and were characterized using XRD, FT IR and TEM. The prepared catalysts were deposited on magnetite surface to have a catalyst with magnetite core. So the catalyst can be separated easily from the waste solution by a magnet. Comparing the photocatalytic activity of TiO2/Magnetit and TiO2/Nd/Magnetit showed that doping the TiO2 by Nd increases the catalytic activity. Acidity of the waste has also promising effect on catalytic activity and the time needed for methylorange decomposition was decreased in low pHs. Complete decomposition of the methylorange was confirmed by LC MS.