مجله دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید صدوقی یزد
سال بیست و پنجم شماره 2 (پیاپی 127، اردیبهشت 1396)

Salmonellosis is an infection caused by eating contaminated food with Salmonella, and it can occur in humans and other animals. Salmonella has acquired the ability to create the infection due to the presence of several virulence genes. One of the virulence genes of salmonella is sipC gene that coding the SipC protein. The aim of this study was creating the gene cassette to genetically engineered Salmonella enteritidis in the specific region of the sipC gene.
In this study, after DNA extraction from Salmonella, the upstream and downstream regions of the sipC gene was amplified based on PCR method. The PCR products were cloned with T/A cloning method and they were inserted into the pGEM vector. In order to generate the final gene cassette, each of the upstream and downstream regions of the sipC gene was subcloned into the pET32 vector, and cloning accuracy was assessed by PCR and enzyme digestion methods.
Amplification of the 320 bp upstream and 206 bp downstream of sipC gene was successful by PCR method. T/A cloning of these fragments were caused the formation of two pGEM-up and pGEM-down recombinant vectors. Results that were confirmed the sub-cloning accuracy indicate the formation of the final pET32-up-down gene cassette.
The generated gene cassette in this study was considered as a multi-purpose cassette that is able to specific gene manipulation of Salmonella sipC gene by homologous recombination matched. This gene cassette has the necessary potential for sipC gene deletion or insertion of any useful gene instead of sipC gene.

Since the disability may be associated with functional impairments and the fact that exercise can reduce disability and maintain the function of individuals, so, we decided to conduct a study on the effects of resistance training on shoulder strength, pain and function in wheelchair users with impingement syndrome of shoulder.
In this randomised clinical trial study, In this randomized controlled intervention study, 20 wheelchair users with spinal cord injury suffered from shoulder pain (the mean age (39/3±6/4)) were chosen and divided randomly into two groups: the control (age:37/5±5/81, height:82/25±4/20, weight:77/25±12/98) and experimental groups (age:42/1±8/11, height:84/95±4/7, weight:74/23±11/39). Before performing the training programs, the pretests of the level of muscle strength, pain and function were measured for both the control and experimental groups. The experimental group performed selected exercises for 8 weeks, 3 sessions a week, each session lasted 60 minutes. After performing the training course, post-tests were administered in similar circumstances in both groups. Data were analyzed by using covariance and dependent t-test.
The results showed that the experimental group had a significantly improvement in the strength of external shoulder rotator muscles (from 7/66±1/38 to 10/71±1/73), pain (from 52/48±7/96 to 30/31±5/24) and the shoulder function (from 55/49±6/66 to 72/88±6/52) (P≤0/05).
This study showed that strength training has improved the strength, pain and shoulder function in wheelchair users, so participation in exercise training programs can be suggested for these persons.

Tamoxifen is steroidal drug, which mainly treats breast cancer and also used to stimulate ovulation. The purpose of the present study was the evaluation of sperm parameters and fertility of mice whose mothers had received tamoxifen during pregnancy.
In this study, 30 female and 15 male mice of NMRI were selected for mating. After mating female mice were randomly divided into two groups, the first group (control) and second group (experimental). All of which contained 15 mice. From the day 13th day of pregnancy, experimental group has received tamoxifen with the dosage of 5 mg/kg for 7 days. After childbirth of the mated mice, male infants were selected. After reaching the age of puberty (6-8Weeks), adult mice were sacrificed by the cervical dislocation. After take sperm, sperm parameters (count, normality and motility), and sperm fertility was performed. In this study SPSS software and statistical t-test was used (p Studies showed that sperm parameters and sperm fertilization were significantly different. The number of sperm in the control group was 83.50±28.20 million, and in the experimental group was 60±14.14 million. There was a decrease in average sperm count in the experimental group compared with the control group (p The results showed that tamoxifen exposure during development can cause histological changes in the seminiferous tubules, which can lead to infertility.

The cancer stem cells are the small population of cells in tumor tissue with the ability of self-renew and differentiation into other tumor cells. Targeting these cells has great importance in the treatment of cancer and prevent cancer recurrence. Milk thistle is the plant of the Asteraceae with the scientific name of Silybum Marianum. However there is no report about the effect of Silibilin on mammospheres. So, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of silibinin on the ability of self-renewal, growth and stemness genes expression and markers of MCF-7 cell line derived mammospheres.
In this study, the viability of the MCF7 derived mammospheres were treated with silibinin for 72h using MTS test and 50% lethal dose (IC50) have been evaluated, respectively. Next, untreated and treated mammospheres with silibinin were investigated for the ability of invasion, colony and sphere formation, expression of stemness genes expression includes Oct4 and KLF by real time PCR.
Our data showed that silibinin decreased the MCF-7 cells in the mamospheres with a dose dependent manner. Silibinin at dose of 150 µM (IC50) reduced 4.6 and 11.2 fold the ability of sphere and colony formation respectively. Also invasion and expression of stemness genes significantly decreased.
Due to reduction of growth, colony and sphere formation, as well as reduction of invasion and expression of stemness genes, Silibinin can be a good candidate for targeting of cancer stem cells.

According to many studies, hypertension is considered as the second leading risk factor for coronary artery disease (CAD) and cardiac infarction after smoking The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of four weeks of Isometric Handgrip (IHG) Training on peripheral resistance and hypertension among hypertensive women.
14 middle aged women, aged 40 to 55 years old, were randomly selected. The training program included 4 sets of 2 minute IHG training with 1 minute resting between each period, performed 3 days a week for four weeks. Doppler ultrasound method was used to measure the vascular resistance. Data were analyzed using paired t-test.
According to the results, there was a significant difference between systolic blood pressure (p=0.006) and diastolic blood pressure (p=0.001) after 4 weeks of training. However, no significant difference was observed in vascular resistance (p=0.66).
These results demonstrate that IHG training can reduce blood pressure in the hypertensive patients 24 hours after the last training session. It is also revealed that reduced blood pressure is not always associated with reduced vascular resistance and other influential factors may play a role in this regard.

Aging increases the probability of the concurrent incidence of osteoporosis and hypertension. It is demonstrated that antihypertensive drugs can affect bone metabolism. The object of this study was to evaluate the effects of antihypertensive medication on bone mineral density of maxilla and mandible in males over 50 years old using CBCT.
In this analytical cross-sectional study, 174 CBCT images belong to males over 50 years old were selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. According to the history of using antihypertensive drugs by the patients, these images set into three groups: control group who did not have any history of hypertension, beta blocker users group (at least 5 years) and calcium-channel blocker users group (at least 5 years). Bone mineral density in each jaw was obtained in four regions using CBCT and the mean of these four values in each jaw was taken as the mean mineral density of that jaw. One-way ANOVA analysis and Tukey post hoc test were used to compare the mean values.
In beta blocker group, the mean of mineral density of all regions of maxilla except for incisor region was significantly greater than that for the control group. The difference between these two groups in mandible was statistically significant only at the mean of lower jaw. There was no statistically significant difference between the control group and the calcium-channel blocker group at all regions of maxilla and mandible.
It may be preferred to use beta blockers instead of calcium channel blockers to control hypertension in the patients at risk for osteoporosis.

The successful application of nanoliposoms as an effective drug delivery system depends on their stability in the medium. In this article, influence of additive materials such as cholesterol and sucrose besides two natural and synthesized phospholipids have been investigated.
In the present study, designing and synthesis of nanoliposomal formulations were prepared using thin film method. This liposomal suspension was downsized by two methods, the high-pressure homogenizer and ultrasound to form small unilamellar vesicles. The size distributions, zeta potentials and phase transition temperature of formulations were all determined by a zetasizer and differential scanning calorimetry(DSC). In addition, the contribution of nanoliposomal formulation has been investigated by HPLC and FTIR methods.
Results of the DSC measurments indicated that incorporation of unsaturated phospholipid (SOY PC) may cause phase separation with partial miscibility in the liposome bilayer containing of DPPG. The optimal nanoliposomal formulation was composed of (DPPC: CHOL: mPEG2000-DSPE) with the mole percents equal to (83:15:2), respectively. In addition, sucrose has been used in the formulation with a total amounts six times greater than that of the lipids. The properties of optimized nanoliposome have been shown as the size average 104nm, zeta potential 8.04mv and phase transition temperature of lipid less than 37°C which were stable enough to be utilized for loading and releasing bioactives in body temperature.
Finally the produced nanoliposomes were stable vesicles in the proper size, phase transition temperature and surface charge without any aggregation and fusion.

Cement osseous dysplasia is the most common lesion of the family fibrous dysplasia which normal bone is replaced with fibrous tissue and several mineralized material. These lesions may be seen in association with various lesions. Companionship of this lesion with odontoma has been reported rarely.
Case report: A 44-year-old female in one year ago has admitted to Shahid Sadoughi Faculty of Dentistry Yazd for treatment of mandibular left third molar. In panoramic radiography in the mandibular left first molar region, a mixed lesion of radiolucent-radiopaque with a corticated borderwas seen. Small swelling was observed in this area. Microscopically, the diagnosis of osseous dysplasia with odontoma for the lesion was confirmed.
The reason of companionship of cement osseous lesions whit other lesions is not completely clear and it requires further evaluation.