فصلنامه یافته
سال سیزدهم شماره 4 (پیاپی 46، زمستان 1390)

Phosphoramides with -C(O)NHP(O)- skeleton has been taken into account by the many, due to their different applications in biochemistry and agriculture. They are used as acetylcolinestrase and ureas inhibitors due to the presence of a peptide group. On the other hand, the stereochemical and pharmacological properties of six-membered phosphorus-containing heterocycles and their active role as cyclophosphamide analogs have also attracted attention. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of position of NO2 group on phenyl ring and insertion of NH between C=O and phenyl ring, as well as their cytotoxicity against K562 cell line.

In this study, phosphoramides from carbacylamidophosphate (1-3) and N-phosphinylurea (4 – 6) groups with general formula RC(O)NHP(O)NHCH2C(CH3)2CH2NH (R = 2-NO2C6H4(1), 3-NO2C6H4(2), 4-NO2C6H4(3), 2-NO2C6H4NH(4), 3-NO2C6H4NH(5), 4-NO2C6H4(6)) were evaluated and compared to examine their cytotoxic effect against K562 cell line by applying the MTT colorimetric assay. Graph Pad PRISM version 5.0 was used to fit the data.

Biological results indicated that derivatives containing urea moiety (4-6) were higher anticancer activity than compounds (1-3) against the studied cell line. Also, derivatives with substitution 3-NO2 (2 and 5) showed higher anticancer activity than substitutions 4-NO2 (3 and 6) and 2-NO2(1 and 4).

Since hydrogen bonds play a key role in biology processes, these results suggest that increase in the hydrogen bonds of derivatives bearing urea moiety (4-6) may be increase cytotoxicity of these compounds. Moreover, the 3-NO2 group showed higher anti-cancer activity than two other positions owing to possibility electronic and steric effects.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the relationship between main CVD risk factors and healthy life style of housewives and working women.

The current study was a part of the Isfahan Healthy Heart Program (IHHP). Data sampling was stratified multistage sampling in the women over 20 years old. Demographic information, nutritional status as Global Dietary Index (GDI), physical activity and smoking status were recorded. Blood pressure, anthropometric indicies, total cholesterol, LDL-c and HDL-c, TG, FBS were detected. Collected data were processed by T -test, chi square and logistic regression.

5591 (92%) out of 6102, were housewives and the rest were working women.The nutritional status in working women was worse than the housewives. In contrast, the physical activity was better in working women. There were no significant differences between two groups regarding smoking. After adjusting for age, BMI, Lipid profile and blood pressure were the same in the both groups. Dyslipidemia, diabetes and obesity were not significantly different between two groups.

Regarding the results, a more comprehensive interventional program for healthy lifestyle and risk factors should be carried out.

Toxocariasis is a zoonotic disease caused by the migration or presence of Toxocara canis or Toxocara cati larva in human tissues or organs. Human become infected by ingestion of soil or contaminated raw or half-cooked meat (Paratenic hosts) containing Toxocara larva. The present study was conducted to determine Toxocara infection in the dog and cat owners and compare the results with infection in individuals who do not have the history of keeping these pets.

In this descriptive-analytical study, by random sampling, 558 (405 individuals who do not have dog and cat and 153 dog and cat owners) of 2-20 years old persons were selected in Tabriz during 2009-2010. Serum samples were investigated using ELISA method for the presence of anti-toxocara antibodies and data were analyzed using Chi-square test.

Totally, 162 samples (94 from people in contact and 68 from people without any contact with dog and cat) had anti-toxocara IgG. Total of 558 individual samples (235 men and 323 female) 396(70.96%) were negative and 162(29.03%) were positive. There were no significant association between Toxocara infection and gender (P=0.275).

According to the results of this study, much of the dogs and cats owners were exposed to parasite. Training of dogs and cats owners, promotion of their awareness about various ways of transmission and examination of the infections in dogs and cats and prevention of these infections are recommended.

Rocker sole are the most commonly prescribed external therapeutic shoe modification. rocker profiles have also proven useful in the treatment of conditions requiring limitation of the ankle and midfoot motions. The aim of this study was to assessed the effects of the heel- to-toe rocker shoes on the motion of the forefoot and hindfoot.

In this quasi-exprimental study, three-dimentional gait analysis was performed on 15 healthy volunteers girls with normal BMI and normal gait pattern, between 18-24 years old. A Vicon 470 system(Oxford Metrix, U.K.) consisting of 6 ultra-red cameras operating at 60Hz and two kistler forceplate(A9286) was used.The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to statistical analysis. the motion of the forefoot and hindfoot compared between traditional shoes and heel- to-toe rocker shoes.

The statistical analysis using Wilcoxon signed-rank test showed that the hindfoot joint excursion while wearing rocker shoes in sagittal plane was significantly less than that while wearing traditional shoes(p=0.005) but in frontal plane increased(p=0.028) and no obvious rocker shoe effect was found in the transverse plane(p=0.203). The average of forefoot joint excursion in the sagittal plane while wearing modified shoes shoes was significantly less than that while wearing traditional shoes(p=0.047) but in frontal plane with modified shoes forefoot joint excursion increased(p=0.013). and in transverse plane this rocker shoe significantly restricted hindfoot motion (p=0.015).

Thisstudy showed that the heel- to-toe rocker shoe significantly restricts foot joints motions in sagittal plane but joints motions in frontal plain increase with this modification.

Dietary energy density and dietary diversity score (DDS) are two representative factors of dietary quality. In the current study we evaluated these factors in Isfahanian youths.

This cross-sectional study was conducted on 289 healthy female youths who were randomly selected from students of Isfahan university of medical sciences. A validated semi quantitative food frequency questionnaire was used to assess the usual dietary intakes. Dietary energy density was calculated as each individual’s reported daily energy intake (kcal/d) into total weight of foods (excluding beverages) consumed (g/d). DDS was calculated based on scoring to the five food groups of the food guide pyramid.

Mean dietary energy density was 1.60±0.29 kcal/g. Individuals in top tertile of dietary energy density had the lowest mean of the dietary diversity score (means among tertiles:1st: 9.61±1.92, 2nd: 6.98±1.22, 3rd: 3.63±1.02; P<0.05), as well as diversity score of the vegetable (1.91±0.33, 1.54±0.26, 1.11±0.2; P<0.01) and fruit (1.98±0.72, 1.89±0.66, 1.44±0.3; P<0.05). Those in the top tertile of dietary diversity score had the lowest mean of the dietary energy density (2.08±0.36, 1.69±0.31, 1.38±0.25; P<0.05). There was an inverse and significant association between dietary energy density and DDS (r=-0.3; P=0.03).

There were inverse associations among DDS and dietary energy density in Isfahanian female youths. However further prospective investigations are needed to confirm this finding.

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cells transplantation (HSCT) is a valuable therapy for refractory acute leukemias, leukemias with a high risk for relapse, myelodysplastic syndromes, and chronic myeloid leukemia. HSCT outcome is dependent on several factors, including the stage of disease, degree of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) identity between donor and recipient, conditioning regimen, and development of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Recent studies have indicated that another potential factor influencing transplantation outcome is the presence of donor-derived alloreactive natural killer (NK) cells. NK cell alloreactivity has been defined as a mismatch between the donor and recipient killer immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) ligands (ligand-ligand model), or as recipient lacking KIR ligands for donor inhibitory KIR (receptor-ligand model), or as a mismatch between the donor and recipient KIR genes (gene-gene model). The anti-leukemic effects of NK cell alloreactivity include lower rates of relapse, graft failure, and GVHD, ultimately translating into higher overall survival (OS). However, the effects of NK cell alloreactivity on the outcome of HSCT in malignant hematopoietic diseases is a topic of debatable.

Hemifacial microsomia or Goldenhar syndrome is a congenital abnormality that it's main features are an one-sided under development of ear (or Artesia), jaw and neck. This syndrome is associated with additional anomalies and from view point of phenotype is highly variable. Case Report: The case was a one day old girl born to a 30 years old woman by normal vaginal delivery. Congenital abnormalities were noted on physical examination and included right microtia with ear canal Artesia, hypertelorism, micrognatia, defect between the right ear and lip and cardiac murmur.

Goldenhar Syndrome is a congenital abnormally which manly affects face, but another organs involvement should be considered. Cardiac problems are the main causes of death in these patients.