فهرست مطالب

Journal of Islamic Dental Association of IRAN
Volume:28 Issue: 4, Autumn 2016

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1395/10/10
  • تعداد عناوین: 6
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  • Ferena Sayar, Mahdi Vatanpour, Mahmoud Ghasemi, Mohammad Reza Shabahangfar * Pages 118-125
    Background And Aim
    The aim of this study was to evaluate the structural integrity of multiple-choice questions according to the Millman checklist, and to assess thedistinguishing power of these questions between weak and strong students in theoretical courses of Periodontics in an academic year (2014-15) in Dental Branch of Tehran Islamic Azad University.
    Materials And Methods
    A total of 262 students comprising periodontics module 1, 2 and 3 in two semesters responded to 240 multiple-choice questions and results from the two consecutive semesters were compared with each other. ANOVA was used to analyse data. P
    Results
    There was no statistical difference between the difficulty coefficient of the questions in the two semesters for Periodontics module 1, 2, and 3 (P-values were0.2, 0.34 and 0.69, respectively). For discrimination coefficient, there was no significant difference between Periodontics module 2 (P=0.72) and 3(P=0.42) in the two semesters, however, in Periodontics module 1 this difference was significant (P=0.017). Although a favourable change in the indicators of Millman checklist was seen in the second semester, it was not statistically significant (P= 0.65).In total, the difficulty and discrimination coefficients revealed that the majority of questions were "medium difficult".
    Conclusion
    Although the educational pamphlet did not significantly improve the quality of multiple-choice questions, some Millman checklist items improved slightly.
    Keywords: Millman checklist, Discrimination coefficient, Difficulty coefficient, Periodontics, Multiple choice questions (MCQ)
  • Amir Hossein Mirhashemi, Mohammad Sadegh Ahmad Akhoundi, Elahe Ansari, Sedigheh Sheikhzadeh, Nafiseh Momeni, Ahmadreza Dehpour, Shahroo Etemad-Moghadam, Yasaman Kheirandish, Homa Farhadifard * Pages 126-133
    Background And Aim
    Captopril is an oral angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE) inhibitor extensively used in the treatment of hypertension and heart failure. ACE has been suggested to function in bone cells and might therefore impact orthodontic tooth movement (OTM). Considering the controversy surrounding the effects of ACE and its inhibitors on osseous tissues, we aimed to evaluate the effect of captopril on OTM for the first time in a rat model.
    Materials And Methods
    Orthodontic appliances were fixed between the left first molars and incisors of 30 rats divided into three groups (n=10) receiving captopril, saline or no treatment. Following sacrifice on day 21, the amount of tooth movement was measured as the distance created between the first and second molars. Bone density was assessed by lateral cephalograms on days 1 and 21 and osteoclast number, root resorption and periodontal ligament (PDL) width were analyzed histologically. One-way ANOVA followed by post-hoc test were used for statistical analysis (P
    Results
    OTM significantly increased in the captopril group compared to the saline and no-treatment groups (P
    Conclusion
    The present study showed that captopril administration could lead to increased OTM and decreased bone density in rats. Further studies are suggested to clarify its exact role at the cellular and molecular levels.
    Keywords: Captopril, Tooth Movement Techniques, Rats
  • Maryam Rabiei, Mohsen Maddah, Maryam Ghamgosar Pages 134-141
    Background And Aim
    Controversy exists regarding the correlation of saliva secretion with obesity. Considering the significant role of saliva in oral and dental health and the increasing prevalence of obesity in Iran in the past three decades, this study aimed to assess the independent association of anthropometric indices including body mass index (BMI), weight gain after the age of 20 years and waist circumference (WC) with unstimulated whole saliva flow rate.
    Materials And Methods
    This comparative cross-sectional study was conducted on 313 systematically healthy subjects who referred to Guilan Dental School. Age, gender, the level of education, BMI, WC and weight gain after the age of 20 was recorded. Unstimulated whole saliva flow rate was measured and the independent association of anthropometric indices with saliva flow rate was statistically analyzed. Statistical significance was set at P
    Results
    331 subjects (186 females and 145 males) were evaluated. Among them, 107 were obese (BMI≥30kg/m2), 114 were overweight (BMI=25-29.9kg/m2), and 110 had normal weight (BMI=18.5-24.9kg/m2). The mean saliva flow rate was 0.33ml/minute. The odds ratio of reduction in saliva flow below the mean value (0.33mL/minute) in obese compared to normal weight individuals was 1.84. The cut-off point of saliva flow reduction was 10.20 kg weight gain after the age of 20 with 62.3% sensitivity and 61.2% specificity. Weight gain after the age of 20 (odds ratio=1.06, 95% CI: 1.03-1.08) and gender (odds ratio: 1.87, 95% CI: 1.18-2.97) were found to be predictors of saliva flow reduction.
    Conclusion
    This study showed that weight gain in adults was significantly correlated with the saliva flow rate, and weight gain after the age of 20 years was the main anthropometric index related to saliva flow reduction. The mean saliva flow rate in overweight and obese females was higher than counterpart males.
    Keywords: Weight Gain, Saliva, Body Mass Index, Obesity
  • Ladan Eslamian, Fatemeh Dehghani, Hamed Amraie Pages 142-148
    Background And Aim
    Pain control is important for both patients and clinicians in orthodontics. The researchers have used different modalities for this purpose, each having its own advantages and disadvantages. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of ketoprofen gum and gel for pain relief after activation of fixed ortho-dontic appliances.
    Materials And Methods
    In this double-blind controlled randomized clinical trial, 115 patients between 14-29 years who had pain in previous sessions, were randomly divided into three experimental groups of ketoprofen chewing gum, ketoprofen gel and placebo chewing gum. All patients were instructed to use the gum and gel three times daily for three days after activation of fixed orthodontic appliances. Patients recorded their level of pain at two, six and 24 hours and two, three and seven days using a 5-score visual analogue scale (VAS). Two-way and repeated measures ANOVA were used to compare differences in the pain scores among the three groups.
    Results
    Eighty-seven patients (54 women, 33 men) completed the questionnaires. The mean pain score decreased over time in both males and females in all groups (P0.05).
    Conclusion
    Although ketoprofen chewing gum was more effective for pain relief, this difference did not reach statsitcial significance. The highest pain score was observed after six hours, and decreased thereafter.
    Keywords: Orthodontic Appliances, Pain, Ketoprofen, Ketoprofen topical gel, Chewing Gum
  • Roya Shariatmadar Ahmadi, Rastin Tavassoli, Ferena Sayar, Katayoun Ghaffari, Fatemeh Sarlati Pages 149-154
    Background And Aim
    Several methods have been suggested to measure gingival thick-ness. This study aimed to assess the reliability of visual assessment of facial gingival biotype of maxillary and mandibular teeth with or without using a periodontal probe in comparison with direct measurement.
    Materials And Methods
    Sixty-seven healthy patients (25 women and 42 men) with a total of 100 hopeless teeth were selected for this study. Three methods were used to evaluate gingival thickness namely visual assessment, visual assessment with the use of periodontal probe and direct measurement using a caliper after extracting the hopeless tooth. One trained examiner performed all examinations. Patient demographics, tooth position, and the results of three assessments were recorded. The mean and standard deviation of gingival thickness were calculated. The three methods were compared using the chi-square test.
    Results
    The accuracy of visual assessment method for the “thin biotype” was 96.7% [positive predictive value (PPV)=96.7%], while it was 10.3% for “thick biotype” [negative predictive value (NPV)=10.3%]. The accuracy of visual assessment with the use of periodontal probe for the thin biotype was 100% (PPV=100%), while it was 17.1% for the thick biotype (NPV=17.1%). The results of visual assessment method alone and with the use of periodontal probe were incorrect in 37% and 29% of the cases, respec-tively and this difference was significant (P
    Conclusion
    Gingival biotype identification by assessment with the use of periodontal probe is an adequately reliable method while visual assessment of gingival biotype by itself is not sufficient for proper diagnosis.
    Keywords: Gingiva, Periodontium, Mouth Mucosa
  • Fatemeh Mashhadiabbas, Parisa Kardouni Khozestani, Mojan Madani, Alireza Akbarzadeh Baghban, Sepanta Hosseinpour Pages 155-165
    Background And Aim
    Odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) and dentigerous cyst (DC) are two common developmental cysts involving the jaws. The role of matrix metalloproteinases 2 (MMP2) and 19 (MMP19) in progression and invasion of some cysts and tumors has been documented. This study sought to assess the expression of MMP2 and MMP19 in OKCs and DCs.
    Materials And Methods
    In this descriptive analytical study, 58 paraffin blocks including 20 DCs, 20 OKCs and 18 dental follicles (DF) were chosen from the archives of the Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology Department, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining was performed to detect the expression of MMP2 and MMP19 using the EnVision technique. Data were analyzed using the Chi square, Fisher’s exact, Kruskal Wallis, Mann Whitney and Spearman’s cor-relation tests.
    Results
    Both markers were expressed in OKCs and DCs. Expression of MMP19 was higher in OKCs compared to DCs and DFs. Significant differences existed among the groups in the intensity of staining of the epithelium (P
    Conclusion
    Our findings indicated the potential role of MMP19 in the invasive behavior of OKC. Greater expression of MMP2 in DCs may indicate its role in multi-dimensional growth of this cyst. Nevertheless, further studies are required to make an evidence-based decision.
    Keywords: Odontogenic Cysts, Dentigerous Cyst, Matrix Metalloproteinases