نشریه نگارینه هنر اسلامی
پیاپی 15 (بهار و تابستان 1397)

Metallurgy is one of the most significant branches of the art of Islamic era which had a special place among all other eras. In addition, one of the suitable ways to study and do research on inscriptions is the metalwork’s art. Safavid era is one of the flourishing ones, in which artists under the influence of Shia religion, have illustrated verses and aphorisms in the form of inscriptions on the metal works. As a result, the authors of this article have tried to study the inscriptions of Safavid era with regard to metal plates by using both a descriptive method or library-based study as well as field studies or museum-based ones. Moreover, in order to increase the quality and accuracy of this study, they focused on some of the valuable plates available in Astan Ghods Razavi museum. The result of this study shows that the metalworkers of this historic period usually paid attention to religious themes in the inscription of metal plates, the themes which consist of the names of Imams, Salavat, and some verses from the Quran. Sometimes some beautiful poems can also be noticed on these plates which point to the usage of these plates.

The emergence and continuation of different styles and patterns for the layout is in all incidental age groups that we see every day. Ancient Persian culture has its own surviving artwork such as Behzad’s work, which can be a good model for publicity and social purposes. One must note that language and dialect type is as important as decorating pattern of the pages and the pattern’s cultural originality.The main purpose of this research is to study the principles of Behzad’s worksheet in the Herat School. The questionis, what is the composition and layout feature in the images and can it be a good model for today?The images of the Sa’di version of the National Museum of Cairo are a model for introducing a graphic-orientedapproach. Researchers in the field of painting attribute paintings of this edition to Behzad. The research methodologyis a descriptive and analytical paper which is a specialized consideration of the layout of the page such asMargin, Grid, Piling and Paste Image and Post, considering the capacity of the images. The findings indicate thatthe versions of the above version have the ability to make a proper layout for a layout. Based on the pillar systemof the same images, columns can be introduced. Similarly, observed placements and margins can be the guide forthe page designer in the same areas.

Manufacturing different types of goldsmiths by using hand and handmade crafts is the kind of art that is still employedin some places in Iran especially in Yazd. What can be taken from a chronological study of the goldsmithingin Yazd is that the current masters are taking advantages of previous masters’ heritage to preserve the especial valueof this local art in the region. The art of goldsmithing in Yazd is important due to the high purity of the appliedgold, variety of the motives and designs, and finally the delicacy of the handmade process. This article is tryingto review the specification and applications as well as design and construction methods of goldsmithing in Yazd,which is formed from local culture and traditions in many years. Here, we have used the analytical-descriptivemethod for technical and structural assessment and we performed the field researches and interviews with the mastersin this filed, due to the lack of previous studies and references. The result of the research has shown that basedon their application, these traditional goldsmiths are divided into the five different types including hair and headdecorations, ear decorations, neck decorations, hand and feet decorations and finally dress decorations. Their designscontain different motives that are inspired by natural elements, and also geometrical elements and design aswell as abstract motives. These goldsmiths can be also divided based on their manufacturing (saw working, castingand molding, forging), and decoration techniques (emboss working, enameling, stonesetting, filigree, granulation).

For a long time, the industry of manufacturing war weapons has been one of the oldest arts in Iran. During theTimurid period, we are observing a kind of transformation in the construction, designs, and application in thisindustry are observed. The steel weapons and golden decoration have improved in this era, which is exhibited inthe Timurid painting. Literally, Iranian Paintings always display different arts and craftsmanship. Hence, paintingscan help us understand the characteristics of these tools of war. The method of this research is historical and in adescriptive and analytical approach. The purpose of this research has been studying the form, role, and decorationsof war weapons in the Timurid period from an artistic perspective. The results of the research indicate thatartists in this period have upgraded the style of the ancestors in the construction of war instruments which has ledto the emergence of new forms and beautiful decorative motifs. These changes are clearly evident in Herat schoolpainting.

Implication of Persian Paintings related to first custom honored performances and eulogy action related to itare not clear but it seems that concentrating on this subject, is an inseparable part of craved works related to differentancient buildings and pieces of Persian Painting in Islamic time. Custom honored has concluded prayingworshiping action that means eulogy poetries with heightened view used to be performed in present of high socialpositioned people of society with a very special customs for making it more and more glorious. The question isthat how can someone analyze heightened view in custom honored eulogy in Persian Paintings related to it? Mainpurpose of this research is comparative studying of some proofs of petro glyphs in Iranian ancient time and someof Persian Paintings samples of Islamic time. It seems that in all found samples, there are signs of worshipingeulogist sacred actor’s clothes, educator, musician and singer and eulogy poem, necessity of knowledge aboutmanners of hands gesture toward the king’s or governor place that shows respect, obedience and submission ofinferior eulogist person for his dominant and master and different kind of bowings and showing curtsy, also theplace that anyone is sitting in higher place than other people and eulogists and finally having the all equipmentsof writing, several musical instruments or petition and scroll of poets in their hands can be a sign of special lookof holiness and sanctity view.

Bāysonḡorī Shahnameh is one of the best illustrated books based on Ferdowsi’s Shahnameh. In last decades,Intertextuality theory has changed as well as strengthened the reading method of texts through focusing on therelations between them. In this descriptive and analytical research, relations between selected illustrations fromBāysonḡorī’s Shahnameh as avant-texts and their related poems in Ferdowsi’s Shahnameh as hypo-texts has beeninvestigated. Finally, by qualitative analysis, the degree of accordance or differences between the texts and illustrationhas been evaluated. This evaluation is based on characteristics of visual parameters like design, color and alsosubjects, which is depicted. Results show that there is much accordance between poems and illustrations besidethe little differences originated by artistic creation or Timurid painting method conventions and royal tendency toluxurious and decorative atmospheres and characteristics.