پژوهشنامه پردازش و مدیریت اطلاعات
سال سی و دوم شماره 4 (پیاپی 90، تابستان 1396)

The research utilizes resources and the wisdom of the crowd of IT experts and other participants in industry to increase the effectiveness of policies and decisions in the area. To achieve this goal, 107 future and emerging technologies from foresight reports, and research programs in Europe, Japan, Taiwan and Gartner firm were extracted. Then out of these technologies, 69 cases (categorized in 14 subject areas) were acknowledged by expert's panel for applying as the Delphi inputs.
By, using the Delphi method (two round), IT R&D barriers, challenges that are expected to respond and effective organizations in IT R&D investment, and prioritized has been determined according to the panel members. Then, panel member view about each technology was evaluated by Criteria - including: degree of expertise, Importance, Forecasted time of technological realization (in the word) and widespread use of technology in Iran, Iran's status in the life cycle of knowledge and, Impact of technology in IT applications area.
The results of the Delphi process was reported in national level, include: Delphi panel members demography, public questions and specialized questions for each of the technologies. Finally the research provides some recommendations for decision makers.

The main purpose of this article is conceptual modeling of market efficiency of information databases, there are 3 main questions in this article: 1) what are the components of the efficient market? 2) Is the database markets an efficient market? 3) How is the mental model of the efficient market databases? In order to achieve that, summarizing content analysis techniques was used by reviewing literatures during the two-step analysis, and coding processes extracted the main components of efficient markets, then provided a check list from component and sent to business unit managers of 9 major databases. Finding: We found that fourth categories for information database efficient markets: Linearity is most important and then to order, are logic and rationality, and Information-centric, trading volume reached fourth place, so we can say the information database markets are efficient, and findings of check list showed that the market for databases can be regarded as efficient markets. and therefore we traced the conceptual model of efficient markets in Information Databases.

The aim of this study is to analyze of the status of Iranian scientific production in selected areas related to science and Information technology included information technology, management, and library and information science by scientometric and social network analysis indicators. This research looks at the approach of the scientific outputs of Iranian scholars indexed in WOS database. In order to identify the status of the scientific cooperation between researchers, the co-authorship network of these researchers has been studied. After reviewing the literature, all records related to the selected areas were extracted from WOS database.Then the retrieved data sets were examined based on quantitative indicators (the number of scientific outputs) and qualitative indicators (the number of citations, h-index, etc.). Finally, the co-authorship network for each of the fields was drawn using network analysis method and appropriate software. This network was examined using social network analysis indicators such as density, clustering coefficient and centrality. The degree density of the co-authorship network in all three areas is down, and the authorships (nodes) have little communication with each other. The average of clustering coefficient index of the networks, especially in the field of information technology, represents a relatively high tendency of the network members to form different clusters. As well as by determining the centrality (degree, betweenness and closeness) of authors, their performance and the best writers for each of these indices were found. The results of this research can be effective in research policies by determining the dimensions of scientific cooperation in each of the studied areas.

The World Wide Web (WWW) is a major channel of getting information and web search engines are the most popular way of accessing information. This study aims to investigate master students’ mental model completeness level of Google web search engine. From the methodological perspective, this research is a practical one based on survey method. The sample population consisted of 30 master students from Ferdowsi University in engineering science, humanity/social sciences which selected purposefully and participated voluntarily. The main tools for gathering data are semi-structured interview (based on mental model completeness scale (Li, 2007) and designed questions) and direct observation.
The results demonstrated that 80% of students had incomplete mental models and 20% of them had good mental models and none of them showed a complete mental model. The majority of student's perception was good in Specific/General Info, Multiple Type of Databases, Matching Process, Keyword Searching and Info Authority. The majority of student's perception was moderate in Restricting/Broadening and Ranking/Sorting. But the majority of student's perception was poor in Limited Info, Indexed Pages/Sites, Search Assistance, Boolean Operators, Search Operators & Prefixes, Punctuation & Symbols, Advanced Search and Search Setting. There was a significant difference between mental model completeness level and interactivity level. That is, the students having the better mental model, showed better interactivity level.
According to the findings, it is necessary to consider mental model as a factor affecting information seeking behavior, in designing information systems and training users too. Understanding user's mental models reveal their errors, misconceptions and knowledge gaps; and by this pathology, it is possible to correct these faults and flaws and increase the effectiveness of the system and training.

Nowadays, Geographic information systems applications entered in libraries and information centers and some advanced libraries in the world use the benefits of GIS in general to improve the space and resources. The present study aimed to implement a way finding system in order to facilitate the users’ access to the facilities and services in the library of the Agriculture Scientific Information and Documents Center.
It is an applied research, in which the required data were gathered from different sections of the library through the survey-descriptive method and observation technique for the correspondence between real information and the available maps. Data were entered, analyzed and the results were implemented through the Arc GIS software on the maps.
Finding: The illustrated maps had shown that they might be helpful in gaining a better understanding of the users’ access to the library entrance and facilities in order to improve its utility and efficiency. This is a new idea that just started using it in the libraries of the world. Since the study dealing with the network traffic and the amount of time for non-negative ways, Dijkstra’s algorithm was used to Time-Based Way finding. After creating the database, Determine the shortest path was the least time possible

This study aimed to identify the motivational factors affecting the willingness of employees to share knowledge and examine intrinsic and extrinsic motivational factors influences on attitudes toward knowledge sharing and explicit and implicit knowledge sharing intention. Also, planned behavior pattern is used as a theoretical framework. This research was conducted in two phases. First, factors identified according to the literature review and exploratory interviews, then the impact of each factor was evaluated in terms of structural equation modeling. This is an empirical research and the research method is descriptive survey. Data was collected using a questionnaire and interview. The study was staff working in administrative units of Tehran and the number at the time of study was 2230 people. Cluster sampling method and sample size based on population and using formula Cochran of 328 people determined that 35 persons were not held accountable. To determine the reliability of questionnaires, Cronbach's alpha coefficient was calculated to 824/0 which it was found is at a high level. Data analyzed by SPSS and LISREL software. Finally, the proposed pattern was confirmed. The results showed that the intrinsic and extrinsic motivational factors influence on the attitude of employees and the attitude influence on tacit and explicit knowledge sharing intention. Also, extrinsic motivational factors influence on tacit knowledge sharing intention and intrinsic motivational factors influence on explicit knowledge sharing intention. Extrinsic motivational factors influence on explicit knowledge sharing intention and intrinsic motivational factors influence on tacit knowledge sharing intention by the attitude and tacit knowledge sharing intention influence on explicit knowledge sharing intention.

This study aimed to investigate postgraduate students’ behavior in using Scientific Information Database (SID) through Lundberg and Halton theory. The research design was survey and descriptive. The population included 3491 postgraduate students at Shahid Chamran University in 2014 using krejcie and morgan table and stratified random sampling based on the population proportion at different faculties. Finally, 346 postgraduate students were selected as the sample. The results revealed a meaningful correlation between postgraduate students’ use behaviour and targeted use of SID. There was also a meaningful correlation between their use behaviour and the informed selection of SID. The findings indicated a meaningful correlation between postgraduate students’ use behaviour and the competition of SID with other databases. This confirms the strong correlation between the two variables and also simultaneous changes of the two variables, i.e. students’ use behaviour and the competition for the accountability of databases. Moreover, it was found that there was a significant relationship between use behaviour and meeting the information needs of postgraduate students through SID. In addition, use behaviour and value judgments of cultural intentions of SID had a significant correlation. Among the variables, the highest correlation coefficient was between informed selection and user’s behaviour (r = 0.867) and the lowest correlation coefficient was between purposeful behaviour and competition (r = 0.578).

The present research aims to rank the relative performance of tourism websites in terms of e-satisfaction, e-trust, e-quality, and e-loyalty. To this end, two major Iranian travel websites providing accommodation (Iran Hotel Online) and tour packages (Marcopolo Corporation) are chosen and their performance is evaluated based on the above variables. This research comprises two separate surveys, first of which based on the university professors’ and websites designers’ reports (155 samples) and through structural equation modeling (SEM) examined the relative weight of variables in explaining the performance of websites. The results of this survey indicate that e-quality, e-loyalty, e-trust, and e-satisfaction have the strongest impact on the websites’ performance, respectively. In the second survey, based on websites existing e-customers’ reports (two categories of 154 and 187 samples) and also qualitative analysis of the websites’ characteristics, relative weights of the websites’ performance are calculated using fuzzy analytical hierarchical process (AHP). The findings served to inform that Marcopolo website obtained stronger weights for all four variables compared with Iran Hotel Online, indicating its higher performance in all variables. In particular, this advantage is strongly felt in the case of trust variable that might be well attributed to its more well-established brand. At the end, both weights are synthesized (0.580 and 0.418 for Marcopolo and Iran Hotel Online, respectively) and the websites’ performance is ranked indicating that Marcopolo website’s performance is higher than its counterpart in the all four variables. The current paper contributes to the literature by yielding some insight into how to benchmark websites performance in order to improve e-performance based on customers’ and experts’ perspectives.

The Concept maps of Chemistry can be obtained from the thesaurus of Chemistry. Analysis of information in the chemistry field of science at the graduate level is done, based on the comparing and analysing the Chemistry dissertations by using this maps. Therefore, the use of thesaurus for analysing scientific information is recommended. The major advantage of using this method, it is possible to obtain a detailed map of all academic researches across all branches of science. The researches analysis results in chemical science can play a key role in developing strategic research policies, educational programming, linking universities to industries and postgraduate educational programming. This paper will first introduce the Concept maps of Chemistry. Then, the emerging patterns from the Concept maps of Chemistry will be used to analyse the trend in the academic dissertations in Chemistry, using the data collected and stored in our database at Iranian Research Institute for Information Science and Technology(IranDoc) over the past 10 years (1998-2009).

One of the most primary phases of automatic text processing is spelling error detection and grapheme normalization. Storing textual documents faces several problems without passing this phase, which causes a disturbance in retrieving the documents automatically. Therefore, specialists in the fields of natural language processing and computational linguistics usually make an attempt to sample various data through presenting ideal methods and algorithms in order to reach the normalized data. Several researches have been conducted on English and some other languages, which have been followed by a certain amount of researches on Farsi too. Sometimes, these several researches have remained to be a pure study and sometimes they have been released as a product. This paper carries out the categorization of the different methods and essential datasets in these researches and depicts each category individually and the evaluation measurements methods generally. Moreover, it describes the performance of the monolingual Farsi systems and the way they meet the Farsi challenges.

Regarding the fact that stored data occupies a large space in organizations and retention systems and information management that has been resulted in gigantic data warehouses, extract the appropriate model need is felt increasingly. Text mining is one of the most significant methods for extracting a useful and appropriate model that helps organizations achieving their goals through extraction and adaption f knowledge out of data sets. Those methods allow for a new horizon for trading and protecting intellectual property of authors’ works. In this paper, a new approach is needed to decipher the text patterns to organize and intelligent text analysis. The main purpose of applying the proper method of preserving the works of writers, scholars and text documents. Regarding the number of those works and documentary management systems the size of available data has been increased considerably. In order to uncover the implicit knowledge out of this data with considerable usefulness for users a specific method is required that has been practiced in the data mining field. Much of this data is unstructured or semi-structured text are available which allow one to use it can be used in addition to data mining methods, technologies such as natural language processing, intelligent analysis and Science Statistics used.

Recommender systems suggest proper items to customers based on their preferences and needs. Needed time to search is reduced and the quality of customer’s choice is increased using recommender systems. The Context information like time, location and user behaviors can enhance the quality of recommendations and customer satisfication in such systems. In this paper a context aware recommender system is designed and implemented in android smart phones to help customers selecting mobile phones. The system removes ineffective criteria on user’s purcheses using customer mobile phones’s sensor data. Then creates analytic hierarchy processing tree and computes weights. Finally the recommender system recommends proper mobile phone to user. The system selects and recommends suitable phones using combination of elimination method and analytic hierarchy processing (AHP). The context aware recommender system is used by mobile phone customers to assess recomendation satisfication and user interface design satisfication. In addition a traditional non-context aware recommender system is used by users to compare the recommendation results in two different systems. We concluded that using context information can improve the recommendation quality and user satisfication. Because of decreasing criteria and pair-wised comoarisions, the user interface design satisfication is improved a little too.