فصلنامه پژوهش و برنامه ریزی در آموزش عالی
سال دهم شماره 4 (پیاپی 34، زمستان 1383)

The purpose of this study was to examine understanding of humanities, faculty members about four learning theories and their applications in teaching processes. Research Method was descriptive and the sample included 75 faculty members from 5 universites in Tehran. Instruments for gathering data included tests for measuring learning theories and a check list suggesting function of teaching professors. Data in two levels of descriptive and inferential were analyzed. Principal findings were: The extend of understanding of faculty member from learning theories was average. The highest mean was related to behavorism and lowest to meta cognition part.

Metacognition refers to the ability to reflect upon, understand and control one, s learning. This study focused on three related issues: (a) whether there was empirical support for the two-factor view of metacognition, (b) whether the two factors were related to each other, and (c) whether either of the factors was related to empirical measures of cognitive and metacognitive performance. To test the current conceptualization of metacognition that assumes two main factors covariance analysis (confirmatory factor analysis) was conducted. Amos (Analysis of moment structures) was used as the statistical package. Two experiments on Medical and Engineering students supported the two–factor model. Factors were correlated. Further experiments reported a number of statistically significant relationships among knowledge of cognition, regulation of cognition and pre-test post-test judgment ability. The correspondence between knowledge of cognition and performance for medical students indicated that those individuals who scored high on knowledge of cognition factor also scored high on final exam. The correspondence between regulation of cognition and performance for engineering students indicated that students who scored high on regulation of cognition factor also scored high on final exam. The findings reported here indicate that although the two groups of students had different mental behavior, their metacognitive abilities played a significant role in their educational achievements.

The purpose of this study was to determine adaptability and compatability between agricultural high school system and agricultural labor market expecations. In this study, two descriptive and explorative approaches were used. The pupolation studied were experts, the executives in agricultural high school, employers in agro-industries, vocational graduates and those in agricultural training centers during 1375-76 (solar). The statistical sample included 39 experts, 38 educational experts in agricultural high schools and 98 agricultural high school executives. The Sample in these three groups were chosen randomly and the main element of this research covered three questionnaires related to experts, administrators and managers in agro-industry. The results showed that human resource development highly correlated with process of atraction and admition. In addition demand for agricultural employment market is effected by employment chalacteristies, professional levels and professional characteristics of workers.

The role of family backgrounds in the educational advancement is one of the issues that have always been considered by educational scholars. The other issues which sociologists have specially paid attention is the effectiveness of educational promotion in social stratification process. In this papar the author evaluates the effect of examinees, family backgrounds such as their parents, education, occupation and family size, on their final score and acceptance to higher education concequently in 1382 National Test. In addition the ratio of accepted examinees from different social classes (high, middle, low) was evaluated. The role of acceptiong student policies in making equal educational opportunity and examinees social stratification process was examined. The pupolation consists of 1,082,858 participants in 1382 National Test and nccessary data were collected through the available documents in NOET and the questionnaires filled by examinees. The t – test, variance analysis, frequency tables, percentage and ratio on the state of apporionment of each of two family backgrounds and number of accepted examinees variables from different social classcs to analyze statistical data related to the examinees final score were used. Results indicated that: 1. Parents, education and occupation have great effect on the examinees final score and their acceptance. 2. Family size effected the examinees, final score. 3. The ratio of accepted examinees to the participants of upper class of the society is more than the other classes.

The first part of this article represents an attempt to contemplate one of the major methodological issues in contemporary juridical science - the debate on the nature of comparative law, which is presented in three opposite aspects: whether comparative law is a scientific method, or an autonomous science or a purely educational discipline. This article highlights the role of comparative law as an independent branch of juridical science in the processes of European integration and globalization. Do Iranian law colleges have to change their national curriculum? The second part of this article concentrates on the above question. Comparative law teaching should not only familiarize the students - and thus open up their minds - to other systems and concepts, but should also prepare them for practical application. Future lawyers should be able to meet the challenges of a world of legal integration and globalization. Having a national curriculum does not fulfil this aim. Universities in Europe are gradually shifting towards a more internationally-centred curriculum and Iranian universities may draw inspiration from this experience.

Recently performance management has been broadly discussed and as the result comprehensive definition on its aim and functions in HRM offered accordingly. Looking over the evolution of performance and evaluation in the past reveals that in traditional and classical management is applied as the means for controlling of responsibilities and function of the managers and organizations, but today it is consider as a very effective, dynamic, qualitative, continuous and interactive process of human resource management. Hence, performance management function is something beyond the paying rewards and mostly emphasize on behavioral reinforcement, human resource development, effective relation between managers and employees, and lastly for evaluation of knowledge of the organization. On the other hand, specific and complicated characteristics of R & D Organizations demand that managers, considering new challenges of performance management, knowingly focusing more on performance management as a model for evaluating effectively performance based on the knowledge of organization and employees for meeting overall goals of the organizations. In this paper some definition and functions of new approaches on performance management reviewed and at the end a proposed model would be offered.