فهرست مطالب

Analytical Research in Clinical Medicine - Volume:7 Issue: 1, Winter 2019

Journal of Analytical Research in Clinical Medicine
Volume:7 Issue: 1, Winter 2019

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1397/12/21
  • تعداد عناوین: 7
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  • Hosein Mehdipour, Yaghoub Moaddab , Khalil Azizian , Morteza Ghojazadeh , Mohammad Hossein Somi Pages 1-6
    Introduction
    It has been shown that the combination therapy of Sofosbuvir-Daclatasvir (Sof/Dac) has a high rate of success in the treatment of patients. For the first time, a single pill of Sof/Dac has been formulated in Iran (Sovodak). In this regard, the present study was carried out aiming to investigate the safety and efficacy of Sovodak for 12 weeks during treatment of patients infected by genotype 1 hepatitis C virus (HCV).
    Methods
    In this study, 50 patients (25 and 25 treatment-naïve and treatment-experienced patients, respectively) infected by HCV genotype 1 received Sovodak (1pill per day) for 12 weeks. Ribavirin was added for patients who had definitive evidence of liver cirrhosis. The sustained virological response (SVR12) was investigated 12 weeks after the end of the therapy.
    Results
    All 50 patients completed the treatment period. The mean age of patients was 54.40 ± 11.69 years, in addition, 60% and 90% of the patients were male and infected by HCV genotype 1b, respectively. After 4 and 12 weeks of treatment with Sovodak, the HCV ribonucleic acid (RNA) titer was undetectable in 82% and 100 % of the patients, respectively and 100% of them achieved SVR12. None of the subjects reported treatment discontinuation because of adverse events, however, 3 patients reported transient side effects including foot swelling, headache, and vomiting.
    Conclusion
    The results of this study showed that once-daily Sovodak single-pill for 12 weeks is an effective and safe medicine for treating patients infected by HCV genotype 1
    Keywords: Sofosbuvir_Daclatasvir_Hepatitis C Virus_Safety
  • Arezou Khezerlou , Nasim Zolfaghari Firouzsalari , Hajar Zolfaghari , Mahmood Alizadeh sani , Maryam Azizi, lalabadi , Ali Ehsani * Pages 7-11
    Introduction
    Healthy life style and food safety are among the most crucial elements inpromoting community health. This cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the awarenessand attitudes of the students of Urmia University, Urmai, Iran, regarding health and food safety.
    Methods
    The questionnaire used was designed in three parts (demographic, attitude, andawareness) and it was completed by 384 students. Data were analyzed using SPSS software.
    Results
    Results showed that over 80% of the students had positive attitude towards health and foodsafety. In addition, almost 50% of the subjects had low awareness on the most appropriate plasticcontainers to keep food healthy. Findings indicated that there was a significant difference between thestudents' attitudes and their academic level (P = 0.008). No significant differences were found amongstudents' awareness and attitude considering gender and passing the food safety course.
    Cocnclusion
    As the study findings revealed, training programs and workshops related to healthand food safety could be effective, specially for freshmen students.
    Keywords: Healthy lifestyle, Food safety, Awareness, Attitude, Iran
  • Ali Jafari Heidarloo , Hamzeh Majidi , Hamid Reza Mehryar *, Mohammad Reza Hoseini Azar , Leila Hasani Pages 12-17
    Introduction
    Dyspepsia involves at least one of the cases of belly dysfunction after meals, early onset satiety when a person eats a normal meal, and epigastric pain or burning sensation. The aim of this study was to investigate endoscopic and pathological findings in patients referred to Imam Khomeini Hospital in Urmia, Iran.
    Methods
    One hundred patients who complained of two different types of dyspepsia enrolled and findings were recorded during the endoscopy. Also specimens were taken from all patients during endoscopy and sent to the lab for pathological examination. Pathologic findings of all patients were recorded from Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) colonies.
    Results
    60 patients were women (60%) and 40 were men (40%). 67% of patients had pain type dyspepsia and 33% of them had postprandial distress type. There was no significant relationship between gender and type of dyspepsia. Endoscopy findings consisted of 54% antral gastritis, 20% peptic ulcer, 43% esophagitis (mostly includes grade A), 5% hiatal hernia, 5% gastric metaplasia, 15% prepyloric ulcer, 18% duodenal ulcer, 38% positive for H. pylori, and 1% Barrett's esophagus disease which had no significant relationship with dyspepsia. Pathologic study findings showed 38% of patients had H. pylori infection with a significant higher incidence in patients with pain type dyspepsia.
    Conclusion
    According to this study, the incidence of any endoscopic findings in patients with two different types of dyspepsia was not significantly different, but the rate of H. pylori infection in patients with pain type dyspepsia was much more than the postprandial type.
    Keywords: Endoscopy, Dyspepsia, Abdominal Pain, Post prandial distress
  • Sattar NajafvandDrikvand , Laleh Gharacheh *, Farzad Faraji Khiavi , Soheila Najafvand Pages 18-22
    Introduction
    Tuberculosis (TB) remains a global emergency and is one of the major threats to human and public health, more than 60 years of its medical treatment, as well as the economic and social development of societies. More than 2 billion individuals are infected with mycobacterium, causing the morbidity and mortality of 10 and 2 million individuals, respectively. The current study was accomplished aiming to investigate the TB disease status and indicators of achieving the goal of ending the TB epidemics by 2035.
    Methods
    This was a comparative study conducted in a library and the main source of information used included the reports published by the World Health Organization (WHO) and its regional organizations profile, the United Nations Development Program (UNDP), World Bank Group (WBG), and studies.
    Results
    The highest incidence rate was in Africa and South-East Asia, with the lowest incidence in the Americas and Europe regions. In the Eastern Mediterranean region, the incidence of extrapulmonary TB (EPTB) was about 10% higher than in other areas. The highest success rate of TB treatment was in the Western Pacific region and the lowest in the United States and Europe.
    Conclusion
    Over 1 billion US dollars have been spent in funding for the fight against TB. Health policymakers, especially in the Middle Eastern region, should pay particular attention to allocating national and local resources to this disease and rely less on international and humanitarian resources. In order to achieve the goal of ending the TB epidemic END-TB 2035, in addition to addressing the economic and social well-being of citizens, it is essential to focus on early detection and diagnosis of disease and effective treatment with strategy implementation [Directly Observed Treatment Short course (DOTS)].
    Keywords: Global Epidemiology, Tuberculosis, Comparative Study
  • Hossein Ebrahimi , Maryam Vahidi , Ayyoub Malek , Jalil Babapour Kheiroddin , Nafiseh Abdorrahmani * Pages 23-31
    Introduction
    The diagnosis of autistic disorder may impose stress on the child’s parents especially the mother of the baby. Raising a child with autistic disorder reduces parents' quality of life. This study examined the effect of group therapy using a cognitive approach on empowerment in the mothers of children with autistic disorder.
    Methods
    This randomized clinical trial was carried out with 80 mothers of children with the autistic disorder. They referred to Autism Society Rehabilitation Center in Tabriz, Iran. The mothers were randomly allocated into intervention and control groups. The intervention group was divided into 4 groups of 10, and each group participated in 10 sessions of group therapy using the cognitive approach. The control group received the routine care. Data were collected using the Family Empowerment Scale (FES) before the intervention and two months after the intervention. Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics [t-test, χ2, and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA)] via the SPSS software.
    Results
    The independent t-test showed that the means of total empowerment and its dimensions had no statistically significant differences before the intervention. However, after the intervention, such differences between the groups were statistically significant (P < 0.001); so that the mothers in the intervention group achieved higher scores on empowerment and its dimensions compared with the control group.
    Conclusion
    Group therapy using the cognitive approach can be used by healthcare professionals in rehabilitation centers for empowering the mothers of children with autistic disorder.
    Keywords: Autistic Dsorder, Cognitive Therapy, Mothers, Psychotherapy, Power (psychology)
  • Sara Saniee *, Niloofar Afshari , Saeed Kashefi Pages 32-36
    Introduction
    Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare disease characterized by infiltration of large mononuclear or dendritic cells in one or more organs. Lung can be involved alone or with other organs in this complication.
    Case Report
    We report a 33-year-old smoker man with LCH in whom both the lung and the skin were involved. He was referred to our department due to malodourous, crusted and scaly erythematous patches, plaques, and pustules involved scalp and flexural area. His medical problem started with pulmonary involvement. He experienced spontaneous pneumothorax, and was suffering progressive dyspnea for years. Cryo-transbronchial lung biopsy previously had been done. Pathology report was pulmonary LCH (PLCH). Weid skin biopsy. Histologic analysis of skin with haemotoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and immunohistochemistry (IHC) exam with S100 and CDa1 confirmed the diagnosis of LCH.
    Conclusion
    It is important to consider PLCH in the setting of recurrent pneumothorax and progressive dyspnea in middle-aged smoker patient. PLCH may be associated with skin involvement.
    Keywords: Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis, Pulmonary, Skin, Hemopneumothorax
  • Ali Ghavidel * Pages 37-40
    Introduction
    Celiac disease may be associated with a variety of autoimmune diseases such as glucose intolerance, autoimmune thyroid disorders, Sjogren’s syndrome, and untypically with hematological diseases such as beta-thalassemia minor. The simultaneity of celiac disease and beta-thalassemia minor is extremely rare. Only a few cases with both celiac disease and beta-thalassemia minor have been reported in the corresponding medical literature so far. Since the overall prevalence rate of celiac disease is 1% among the public and it has been estimated that 5% of general population has at least one variant allele of thalassemia mutations, the question arises whether the coexistence of celiac disease and beta-thalassemia minor is just a coincidence or etiologic relation. As they both are immune mediated diseases (IMDs), a link between them is possible.
    Case report
    In this study, a 46-year-old man was reported who was admitted with both beta-thalassemia minor and celiac disease. He was referred with probable malabsorption syndrome, causing an iron deficiency anemia and weight loss. Clinically, he was diagnosed with celiac disease and beta-thalassemia minor, which was confirmed later by a small bowel biopsy and hemoglobin (Hb) electrophoresis. The patient was treated with a gluten free diet and folic acid.
    Conclusion
    Celiac disease should be considered as a probable state in patients with beta-thalassemia minor. The prevalence of celiac disease and beta thalassemia minor is significantly high in many countries. Therefore, patients with thalassemia minor should be screened for celiac disease.
    Keywords: Celiac disease, Beta-thalassemia minor, Anemia