مجله طب نظامی
سال پانزدهم شماره 3 (پیاپی 53، پاییز 1392)

Fat mass and lean mass are two main components that build our body weight which have different effects on bone mineral density (BMD). To investigate the relative contribution of lean and fat mass to BMD، 42 premenopausal military officers were studied. Fat mass، lean mass and BMD were measured by whole body scanning with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Correlation of fat mass and lean mass with BMD through different parts and also whole body of the subjects were calculated. A negative correlation existed between BMD and fat mass in both whole body and the lower limbs but was not statistically significant. However، our analysis demonstrated that BMD had a significant positive correlation with the lean mass through upper and lower limbs. The results of this study indicate that the Lean mass is a strong predictor of BMD in premenopausal women in the upper and lower limbs.

This study aimed to analyze the gap between expectations and perceptions in transportation system of a military healthcare center using SERVQUAL approach. This study is a descriptive-analytic study in which 104 employees were selected from a military healthcare center through random sampling in 2012. Data collecting tool was SERVQUAL questionnaire consisting of 22 items. Service receivers in the part of expectations answered questions on ideal situation and in the part of perceptions، questions about current status thereby assessing the quality of transport services. Data were analyzed by SPSS 16. 0 software. Perceptions of the receivers from transportation and ambulance services in terms of five dimension quality was low and expectations were high. According to the negative gap transportation and ambulance services do not meet receivers’ expectations. The largest gap was observed in physical dimension (-1. 19) and narrowest in empathy (-0. 6). In order to improve the quality of transport services، following devices are to be enforced: integrated management، abandonment of old vehicles and ambulances، classification of ambulances in accordance with the type of services، testing the physical health of drivers، defining a sort of driving licence only for ambulance drivers and giving private licence plates to particular vehicle.

NK Cell is a part of innate immunity and their quantity is important to diagnosis process and defense against many diseases. Correlation between psychosocial and immunological factors is studied in psychoneuroimmunology. This article aims to study relation between NK Cells’ quantity and mental health of mustard gas respiratory injured veterans. This is a descriptive-correlational study on 41 mustard gas respiratory injured veterans who were selected by randomized available sampling. We used Flow Cytometry for NK cell counting and to assess patients’ mental health General Health Questionnaire (GHQ28) was utilized. Data got analyzed by Pearson''s correlation and one-sample T-test. Mean percent of the Nk cells in peripheral blood was 4. 93 which is significantly less than Iranian healthy men (15. 93%) reported in previous studies (t=-20. 03،p<0. 01). Pearson''s correlation coefficient showed significant negative correlation between NK Cells’ quantity with total score of GHQ، physical sub-score and anxiety sub-score (-=α 0. 33 and p<0. 05). Mean percent of Nk cells’ quantity in peripheral blood of mustard gas respiratory injured veterans is significantly less than Iranian healthy men. Furthermore، there is significant negative correlation between NK Cells’ count and total score of GHQ، physical and anxiety sub-score. This means when mental health status and physical symptoms and anxiety get worse، the percentage of NK cells in peripheral blood declines.

The aims of this study were formulating and experimental production of IEFSPs for emergencies and tough military circumstances while patrol، in cold weather or at heights. In the first place، 5 different formulation groups، each comprising 5 compounds made up of different percentages of ingredients were prepared; then from each group، the best one was picked out by test panels. Next، from the chosen IEFSPs، the optimum formulation was selected via taste panels. Shelf life and qualitative properties (organoleptic، chemical، and microbial) of the optimum formulation were evaluated at 38°C during the time of 0، 1. 5، and 3 months after production (equal to 0، 9، and 18 months at 27°C respectively). Although organoleptic properties and moisture content of the optimum formulation showed a little decrease after 3 months incubation at 38 °C، this reductions were not significant (p<0. 05). In addition، after 3. 0 month incubation at 38°C، microbial properties of the optimum formulation were within the standard range. Shelf-life and also qualitative properties of the IEFSPs، after 3 months incubation at 38°C، were acceptable and these IEFSPs can be easily used in emergencies and tough military circumstances.

Young people of our society، especially soldiers are at risk of substance abuse، due to various reasons. The aim of this study is to identify related demographic and familial characteristics of addicted soldiers to prevent the spread of addiction. This is a descriptive research and statistic population includes 1025 Iranian soldiers who were doing national service at the time of conducting current study (2010-2011). They were selected by quota sampling method. Data gathering was done by addiction screening questionnaire، Addiction Severity Index (ASI)، military duty status، and demographic questionnaire. Strong tendency to drug abuse and multi-substance abuse were observed in unemployed soldiers. Tendency for multi-substance abuse were much stronger among people who had illegal revenues (69. 6%). Tendency towards alcohol and multi-substance abuse was more common among people who lived separated from family and who had a history of temporary marriage، divorce and separation. Tendency for drug abuse was more prevalent in people with large families. Moreover، tendency to alcohol، drugs and multiple drug abuse were stronger in soldiers having a history of psychological or physical conditions. Factors such as unemployment، illegal income، separation، divorce and temporary marriage، living separated from family، intimate relationships outside of the family، serious problems in familial relationships، spending leisure time without family and a background of psychological illness were correlated significantly with the type of drug used. By controlling flexible factors، we can prevent continuation or escalation of drug addiction.

The main objective of this article was to design a crime detector system. The most notable effect of the stress of lying and denying the crime appears in circulatory and perspiration system. The Galvanic Skin Response (GSR) and Photoplethysmogrph (PPG) signals were used to achieve this goal. The data set included PPG signals and GSR recorded by an inductive test of classic polygraph device. Features of time and frequency were extracted from the signals. Statistical analysis was used to determine the most productive features. Consequently، data was classified and accuracy coefficient was calculated through applying these features to Linear Discriminate Analysis)LDA(. All procedures were conducted using MATLAB 2011 software. 20 people participated in the study. The mean age of participants was 36±6 years. Our study showed that time feature in GSR signal and frequency feature in PPG had the most impacts on crime discrimination. Finally determination of crime was done with accuracy coefficient of 80% through applying Time feature in GSR signal and Frequency feature in PPG on the linear network. According to the findings، the new method introduced in this study has a comparable accuracy to the results of former methods while offering a more comfortable recording and less diagnostic costs. This new method can be suggested for use as a lie screening system.

Osteomyelitis is one of common diseases in Iran due to trauma، especially during war time. There is a variety of treatment methods for osteomyelitis. In this study we have tried to design a new animal model which is similar to human disease for future use as a standard model through studies. staphylococcus aureus was used to induce osteomyelitis in 24 rabbits’ tibia. We performed radiologic assessments on days 0، 14 and 28 after surgery. Bacteriologic studies and pathologic assessment were done on the 28th day too. At the end of 4th week، more than 95% of animals showed radiologic signs of osteomyelitis. In pathological studies، invasion of inflammatory cells and other signs of osteomyelitis were seen. This modeling method can be used for study of osteomyelitis whereby comparing different antibiotics or scaffolds and stem cells.

The purpose of present article is to identify and study faunistic aspects of biter ants living across the islands of Abu Musa، Qeshm، Kish، Hormuz، Hangam and Larak. This study was done because of multiple accounts on the bite of aforementioned ants as well. It is a descriptive cross-sectional research in which fire ants were sampled by three 1- directs 2- Focus 3- using the pit traps. The research was conducted from the Spring to Autumn of 1390. During the study a total of 1718 ant specimens were collected from two islands in terms of identification keys of Medical Entomology Laboratory of University of Ulm along with the Museum of Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Then they were identified as species of Pachycondyla sennaarensis. Although the effects of ant bites are not dangerous and do not lead to shock and death، they can cause pain، itch، and too much irritation and can cause discomfort. Thus، prevention and control measures as to these ants should be taken. Besides، the ecology and the environmental behavior of such sanitary species should be subject of additional research.

In December 2003 one of the most horrible earthquakes of the current century happened in the historical city of Bam. The crisis management was complex due to breadth of destruction. Hence، we decided to provide suggestions for improvement of crisis management in earthquake by recognizing challenges and managerial experiences. This is a qualitative study which was carried out using phenomenology approach. A purposeful sample of eleven participants who were top and middle managers at the time of earthquake، were interviewed. Issues such as informed consent، respecting anonymity of participants، information confidentiality، and right to give up the study were all considered. Van manen’s holistic and selective analysis method was applied for interviews analysis. Seventeen subthemes were identified regarding health management during earthquake beneath the following themes: concentrated decision making، structure of dispatched teams، resources، planning for crisis and communication among aid teams. No effective and efficient crisis management system to deal with disasters such as Bam earthquake، was devised before Bam earthquake. Irrecoverable damages were enforced to people، because of losing local management structures and irresponsibility at the due time. In sum، a proper structure for crisis management in earthquake should be developed relying on aiding experiences during Bam earth quake.