فصلنامه آرشیو توانبخشی
سال دوازدهم شماره 2 (پیاپی 41، تابستان 1390)

Many patients experience with anxiety and depression after cardiac bypass surgery as a consequence of this type of surgery. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of cardiac rehabilitation on anxiety and depression level of patients undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery in hospitals affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences.

In this interventional study 80 randomly patients, based on convenience sampling, who had the required criteria were selected and divided into two groups marked as experimental and control groups. The data were collected using three questionnaires. Demographic questioner and The Spielberger anxiety scale for measuring the state and trait of anxiety and the Beck depression inventory for measuring the depression. Both groups answered these questionnaires in three stages: on discharge from hospital, immediately and two months after cardiac rehabilitation. After measuring anxiety and depression in both groups on discharge the experimental group participated in 8 session cardiac rehabilitation in four weeks. The control group received only routine program. The data was analyzed using t-test, repeated measurement multi–variate test, chi square, regression analysis and correlation coefficient.

The results revealed that after cardiac rehabilitation program there was a significant statistical differences in depression level between groups (P=0.0014) but in anxiety level, there was no statistical significant difference (P=0.079) between groups.

Cardiac rehabilitation is effective in reducing depression in patients undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery. Therefore it is recommended to use cardiac rehabilitation in these patients.

Stuttering is a disorder that can cause serious personal, emotional and social problems. Based on its pathophysiology, different treatment approaches to stuttering are controversial. Behavioral treatment has been shown to be effective for stuttering. In this study were mentioned to effectiveness of Simplified Habit-reversal as a behavioral approach for treatment of stuttering in Iranian children.

Twelve students participated in this study was selected from 350 stuttered children in schools. After baseline assessment in three setting, simplified Habit -reversal was done for the children. Assessment (baseline), treatment and booster sessions were done in the subject’s home, school and clinic Assessment sessions were done at first -2nd-3th-4th-6th-12th-13th months after treatment. Post hoc tests were done by using paired t-test. Level of significance were considered equal on lest their 0.03

Stuttering frequency was decreased in multiple assessment at home (P<0.03).these changes was observed in two other setting (P<0.02 in school, P<0.03 in clinic). there is no significant relation between decreasing of stuttering frequency and setting (P=0.73). decreasing of stuttering frequency had no relation with demographic variables(P>0.05)

Future researches about effectiveness of this method, especially in older cases and cases with co-morbidity in both sexes, are recommended.

While the development of Attention and motor skills have great importance to learning, growth and daily living tasks of children, some significant dysfunctions can be seen in motor skills and attention of children with learning disability. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of weighted vest (sensory stimulation) on motor skills and attention of 6-10 years children with learning disorders.

This study was an experimental and a classic designed, participants were included twelve 6-10 year old children with learning disorders referred to rehabilitation centers affiliated to University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, and they were randomly assigned to intervention and comparison groups. The subjects selected through convenience sampling. Motor skills and attention level measured during two pre-test and post-test through an Oseretsky Motor Developmental Scale, Conner’s parent Rating Scale, and then the results were recorded. After the pre-test, intervention provide constantly sensory stimulation using weighted vests during common services Occupational Therapy was performed on the intervention group that was the 45 minutes, 3 day per week, for 12 sessions. The data were analyzed using Symbolic Wilcoxon rank and I – Whitney.

There was significant difference between test scores before and after the motor skills test in the intervention group (P=0.003) and there was no significant difference in the comparison. Similarly, there was no significant difference between pre-test and post-test attention in intervention and comparison groups.

Our findings indicate that statistically sensory stimulation based on weighted vest on motor skills was effective, but had no significant effect on attention. Therefore, this technique can was be used to improve the development of motor skills in children with learning disorders.

The purpose of present study was to investigate and compare religious orientation and personality dimensions in the prediction of coping strategies in mothers of children with and without intellectual disability (ID).

In this descriptive study, a total of 124 mothers of children with ID and 124 mothers of children without ID from 5th and 6th regions of Tehran city were selected through a cluster sampling method. Outcome measures were included Islamic Religious Scale, five factors personality questionnaire and coping strategies questionnaire. Data were analyzed using correlation and regression analysis.

Between groups analysis demonstrated that religious beliefs particularly religious pretentiousness had an important role in the prediction of problem-focused coping in mothers of children with ID compared with mothers of children without ID. Among personality dimensions, neuroticism dimension had a significant role in the prediction of emotion-focused coping in mothers of children with ID (P=0.019). But religious beliefs had no significant role in the prediction of emotion-focused coping in mothers of children with ID compared with mothers of children without ID.

In comparison with mothers of children without ID, religious beliefs were good predictors for problem-focused coping and personality dimensions (particularly neuroticism) were good predictors for emotion-focused coping in mothers of children with ID.

Linguistic and metalinguistic knowledge are the effective factors for definitional skills. This study investigated definitional skills both content and form in children with specific language impairment.

The participants were 32 Children in two groups of 16 SLI and 16 normal children, matched with age, sex and educational level. The SLI group was referred from Learning Difficulties Centers and Zarei Rehabilitation Center in Tehran, as well as the control group who was selected by randomized sampling from normal primary schools. The stimuli were 14 high frequency nouns from seven different categories. The reliability was calculated by interjudge agreement and the validity was assessed by content. Data was analyzed using independent T-test.

There were significant differences between mean scores of content and form of the definitional skills in two groups. The mean and SD scores of the content of word definition were M= 45.87, SD=12.22 in control group and M=33.18, SD= 17.60 for SLI one, out of possible 70 points (P= 0.025). The mean and SD scores of the form of word definition were M= 48.87, SD= 9.49 in control group and M= 38.18, SD= 12.85 for SLI one, out of 70 points (P= 0.012).

Based on the results, it was concluded that, language problems of the SLI children may not let them semantic represention in order to form and present a complete process of word definition. Although this skill in children with SLI is inadequate, all the definitions given by SLI children were consistent with the categories of content and form of word definition used in this study. Therefore, an exact planning and intervention by speech and language pathologist can be effective for this skill. Linguistic intervention especially in semantic and grammatical aspects not only improves the definition of familiar words but also it might be useful for the definition of new words, consequently lead to educational and communication achievement of children with SLI.

Any minimal alteration in performance and coordination of scapular and glenohumeral muscles has the potential to lead to shoulder joint dysfunction. The impingement syndrome has been reported as is the most common diagnosis of shoulder pain. The purpose of this study was to determine whether endurance deficits could be detected in patients with shoulder impingement.

By convenient sampling 15 patients with impingement syndrome at average of 45.3 years of age and 15 healthy persons (age 45.8 years) through a case–control design participated in the study. Endurance of glenohumeral and scapulothoracic muscles were tested with a hand held dynamometer. Independent t–test was used to statistically analyze different groups.

Compared to non–impaired subjects, those with impingement syndrome demonstrated a significantly lower endurance of external rotation, scaption and scapular abduction and upward rotation movements (P<0.05). In impingement syndrome patients, the external–to–internal rotator muscles endurance ratio was significantly lower than the control group (P<0.05).

The result of the study suggests that endurance deficit of rotator cuff and scapular upward rotator muscles may be an important aspect of the impingement syndrome. Shoulder girdle muscles endurance should be considered in evaluation and physical therapy of impingement syndrome patients.