فصلنامه علوم اجتماعی
سال بیست و سوم شماره 1 (پیاپی 72، بهار 1395)

Social capital is an interdisciplinary concept that nowadays is denoted in the economic and social studies of modern societies. Addressing this concept in the economic development discussions shows the important effect of structures and social relationships among peoples (social capital) on development variables in all aspects. The purpose of the current study is to analyze the dynamic role of social capital in the process of development in societies. This study emphasizes that the existence of social capital in a society can significantly effect on development in the society. This study, tries to propose a dynamic model to analyze the dynamics of social capital, using system thinking and dynamic systems modeling. System dynamic is a technique that allows us to model complex and nonlinear systems. Further, in order to understand the model relationships, scenario approach was used. Results indicated that social capital can affect social and economic development through a complex and dynamic mechanism.

In the contemporary era, the internet has a notable role in the life and relationships of human beings. In this research, we try to present the most important effective aspects of internet on marital relationships, and inquire its dimensions. For this reason, nearly forty researches of last two recent decades (since 1995) were recognized, and qualitative content analysis was used to distinguish two important fields of internet effects on marital life: changes in everyday relationships, and changes in marital boundaries.
The overall findings of these researches verify the effect of internet on these two realms, however the different aspects of this relationship should be considered. The effect of internet on everyday life of couples depends on the time, place, kind of consumption, and the situations and periods of a couple’s life. Some internet facilities like sexual content and cyber relationships have important effects on marital boundaries. These effects changes concerning some elements like the reason of consumption, mental, familial and gender backgrounds, and emotional and sexual relationships in the internet.

This paper examines the phenomenon of writing petition (write a letter Containing a Presentation of wish, to imam) presented from the perspective of actors. The main purpose of this paper is to accede to writer's experience of special connection to the sacred and then to answer two basic question: 1. the person who write the petition and put it in jamkaran well, how to look at this action?2. what is the typology of writer's petition?This topic was analyzed with using Qualitative method. Data were collected in different ways including depth interviews, participant observation, focus group discussions and creating friendly conversation. Our findings shows that it can be seen a type of religiosity called popular religiosity in this phenomenon. Some features of this type of religiosity are: easy acceptance of beliefs, confluence of the sacred and non-sacred, dory ultimate commitment, the involvement of intermediaries, miscible teaching and etc.

Legitimacy is a bridge between the governor and the citizens. The aspect and quality of this relational bridge depends on a two-edged condition. It means that not only the governor tries to use semantic discourses in order to prove his legitimacy but also current social ties and bio-logic in communities have a deep effect on aspect and direction of the legitimacy of the governor. The resulting aspect and appearance of two-edged processes cited above is seen in institutions. Thus, referring to the legitimacy of the governor indirectly refers to institutions which represent it and in fact are its birthplace. Genealogy of legitimacy means choosing an approach which refers to how institutions are deconstructed. This essay tries to depict such a process to the establishment of Safavid era.

This article tries to understand Iranian transsexuals re socialization process. transsexuals having been suffered from lack of social acceptance and social recognition based on their bodily features and behaviors as well. they are been struggling a contradiction between their sex and gender identity. understanding their situation a mixed method based on ethnography and survey was designed and conducted among transsexuals whom were available in Tehran. participatory observation, semi structured interviews and focus group discussion are implemented during the ethnography and a questionnaire was designed for conducting survey. confronting reality and theories different concepts such as body management, different social identities, social recognition, social stigma and social re-socialization were reviewed. based on findings we realized they have a hard struggle to be recognized by different social institutes and social primary groups; but on the ground of social exclusion they may not being successfully re -socialized and adjusted in society. social exclusion is a very important obstacle for their successful re-socialization. Family and school are two the most important primary group in their social re_socialization and social recognition process.based on restrict social exclusion for them, they usually tries committing suicide, escaping from home, school or even university. between transsexuals, those whom transform from female to male usually experience more social support from family and reach a better social recognition process.

This paper introduces the importance of comparative approaches in social research methods that are less known in the social sciences. The Decision tree is the one of the newest and most flexible analysis method for analyzing a large collection exploratory data analysis, Classification tree and interpretation of data through binary division. CART software; present a nonparametric analysis strategy to Homogeneous and non-homogenous, high risk and low risk subgroups for social researchers. Exploring the differences and similarities between social groups, and eventually predict their status in social planning is the most important application of this method. Clarifying the subject, in this paper, social demands of women in the four member countries of OIS (Turkey, Egypt, Saudi Arabia and Malaysia) as ideal types of each subgroup are analyzed by this software.