نشریه پژوهش های مکانی فضایی
سال دوم شماره 4 (پیاپی 8، پاییز 1397)

The present study aims to determine the impact of urban management on Islamic lifestyle and environmental sustainability and to answer the question of whether there is a difference between the role of urban management in promoting the Islamic lifestyle in the desired and existing situation. The research method is descriptive and survey type in which the Islamic lifestyle in social, cultural and economic dimensions is examined by standard questionnaire. The findings of the research showed that urban management plays a significant role in all aspects of Islamic lifestyle and the relationship between the existing conditions and the desired situation is significant. Research findings also confirm the prominent role of urban management in all of the components of environmental sustainability.

The present study is an applied research method and descriptive-analytical method. Data collection has been done through library studies and field surveys. The realm of this research is the central part of the city of Boyerahmad. The statistical population of the study consisted of all household supervisors in the central part of Boyerahmad city. 210 family caregivers were selected by random sampling method. The data gathering tool was a questionnaire. In this questionnaire, 63 variables in the form of questions in Likert scale were used to identify entrepreneurship inhibiting factors in rural areas. The reliability level of the questionnaire was evaluated through a preliminary test by completing 30 questionnaires and the Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.87, which indicated that the data was normal. In order to analyze the data, exploratory factor analysis was used in SPSS software. In this research, we reduced the 63
variables of 15 entrepreneurial deterrent factors in the study area. 15 entrepreneurial deterrent factors in the study area include economic, social, individual, personality weakness, risk aversion, educational, technical factors, lack of knowledge, infrastructure, facilities, management, supportive, gender imbalance, lack of participation, lack of experience. These fifteen factors explained 65.756 of the total variance of entrepreneurship inhibitors. Based on the results, the main factor inhibiting entrepreneurship in this region is economic factor, and the most important inhibitor of the economy is a large volatility in the price of raw materials / equipment.

Excessive concentration of population and activity, mainly in the largest cities of developing countries, has caused the spatial equilibrium in the urban network of these countries to be problematic, and has provided the basis for the emergence of the first urban phenomenon. First urban phenomenon on the one hand enhances the attraction of a large part of facilities and services in large cities, and on the other hand, these great cities have faced many problems. The first urban analysis in Iran and most of the world's countries is often limited to large cities, and the high-level analysis processes result in a top-down (centralized) planning fate. In this research, the first urban phenomenon has been tried, in a comparative manner, in addition to high levels, at low levels. The research method is descriptive-analytic and the required information is collected from reliable statistical centers such as Fars Governorate and Statistics Center of Iran. One of the most important results of this research can be a severe rupture in the cities of the province, so that the city of Shiraz in 1395 with 1565572 inhabitants as the dominant city and first in the province of Fars and the city of Marvdasht as the second city With a population of 148858 was on second place. In the regional level due to the natural, economic and geographical conditions that are observed in the Larestan area, the urban network has a better order, so that the city of Lar as the first city with a population of 62045 people and the city of Ghorash With a population of 34469 were on second place.

The physical development of rural settlements as one of the most important indicators of sustainable rural development, due to the establishment of a suitable environment and considering several indicators, can provide comprehensive development of villages. In Boeing Miandasht as one of the high-potential cities in terms of villages, especially in the southern and northern Karchamboui villages, which have focused on physical issues, especially in the field of indigenous architecture, the use of robust materials consistent with local conditions and so far has not been addressed. On this basis, this research is purpose-oriented and is of a descriptive-analytical nature. The statistical population of the study consisted of all the villages in the county of Karchamboui and the statistical area of the whole region comprising the two districts of South and North Karchamboui. The statistical population includes 4465 villagers in the census in 2011. The sample size was 354 according to the Cochran formula, and 354 people were distributed among villages in terms of population size. In the inferential part and the analysis of the data using the Topsis inferential statistics method, Geographic Information System (Arc GIS9.3) was used to prepare the maps. The results indicate that according to the analysis of Tapis, it was observed that the villages of Beltaq, Hindukush, Takmaqlu and Karach were ranked first to fourth and Khalat and Poshan villages were racked last. Also, according to the village classification and development rate in the physical indices of the villages of the Karchamboui district of the Boeing Miandasht district, they are classified in three levels of developed, less developed and very little developed in terms of physical development. As only three Hindu Kush villages are located in the developed villages, the remaining villages are located (8 villages are less developed and 7 villages are very developed).

One of the most important ways of recognizing the status of housing, studying and awareness of the satisfaction of rural residents is the quality of the environment in different tissues of the village, considering its economic, social and physical conditions. The purpose of this study was to investigate the satisfaction of villagers and their relationship with the survival of rural settlements in Borkhar. The type of study is descriptive-analytical and in terms of its purpose. The statistical population of this study is the population of 7 villages with a population of 1767 people. The sample size of 316 people was determined according to the Cochran formula, and 316 people were distributed in terms of the size of the household population among the villages. Data were collected by questionnaire in two sections: satisfaction with housing with 15 questions and the stability of rural settlements (socio-cultural, economic and environmental) with 35 questions. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS-22
software, t-test and regression tests. The results indicated that based on the regression test, in general, the satisfaction of the villagers with housing on the stability of rural settlements, the satisfaction of villagers from housing on the economic sustainability of rural settlements, the satisfaction of villagers from housing on socio-cultural sustainability and the satisfaction of villagers from housing on environmental sustainability has been effective. Also, based on the T test, satisfaction of rural residents is not in desirable rural housing. Considering its inadequate significance, it can be seen that from the viewpoint of respondents the satisfaction of rural residents with rural housing has not been sufficiently addressed.

Rural housing in the central part of the city of Boeing Miandasht in Isfahan province has been developed according to spatial-locational conditions in the past, but in the current situation, rural housing has a conflicting, heterogeneous situation that is due to non-compliance with environmental conditions, it has challenged the optimal comfort of rural housing. This is an applied research. The research method is descriptive-analytic. The statistical population of this study is the population of the household and ten villages of 18 villages in three districts (Yeylagh, Gorji and Sardsir) with a central part of the district of Boein Miandasht city. The statistical population consisted of 1996 headed households, as well as 72 nurses and members of the Islamic Council of these villages. Sample size for family caretakers in a randomized-stratified manner was 322 and for the deaners and members of the Islamic Council was limited because of a general census, 72 were selected. To analyze the statistical data, SPSS-22 software was used to describe the results of the Likert spectrum questionnaire as well as T-test, Friedman and Pearson tests to study the research hypotheses. The results indicated that in the t-test, various indices are in an optimal and effective state. On the other hand, based on the Friedman test in the index ranking, it was found that the influence of the index of natural factors with an average of 2.63 in the first rank and the technical index with an average of 2.13 in the last rank. According to the Pearson test, there is a positive and significant relationship between the natural index with the socio-cultural index with a significant level of 0.03, between the natural index and the economic index with a significant level of 0.002, between the economic index and the socio-cultural index with a significant level of 0.005. Based on this, the coexistence and appropriateness of the natural indicators that underlie the impact of the economic, cultural and social subjects on the typology of rural housing, as well as the proportional impact of the economic index, underlies the impact of the socio-cultural index.