فهرست مطالب

Journal of Research in Health Sciences
Volume:9 Issue: 2, Summer-Fall 2009

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1388/05/10
  • تعداد عناوین: 8
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  • Jafar S. Tabrizi _ Page 1
    Background
    The quality of care from the perspective of people with Type 2 diabetes using a new model (CQMH) including three dimensions of quality in health care (Technical, Service and Customer Qual ity) was assessed.
    Methods
    A cross-sectional survey with a sample of 577 people with Type 2 diabetes was conducted. Meas ures were self-reported adherence to national guidelines for technical quality, the Netherlands Institute for Health Services Research questionnaire for service quality and the short form of the Patient Activation Measure for Customer Quality.
    Results
    There was a significant gap in technical quality between what diabetes care the patients re ported receiving and what was recommended in the guideline, particularly for management and life style aspects. For service quality, the lowest scores were for choice of care provider and accessibility of care. The mean Customer Quality score was 64.5 (meaning higher score indicating better quality). A positive relationship was demonstrated between higher technical, service and customer quality scores, and better diabetes control status as well as maintaining continuity of care. The average Qual ity Index was 70.0 of a 0-100 scale.
    Conclusion
    Customer Quality appears to be a useful third dimension in conceptualising quality in health care, particularly in the context of chronic disease, where good self-management can improve the outcomes of care. A high proportion of Queensland adults with Type 2 diabetes reported receiving sub optimal care in the majority aspects of provided care services as reflected in the overall Quality In dex score indicating substantial room for quality improvement.
  • Azadeh A., Mohammad Fam I Page 10
    Background
    This study aimed to evaluate the workers safety behavior and to determine the impor tance of each unsafe behavior in an Iranian steel manufacturing company.
    Methods
    This study was conducted in Mobareke steel manufacturing company, which is located in the middle of Iran, in 2007. The methodology was based on the safety behavior sampling (SBS) tech nique and entropy. After specifying the unsafe behaviors and with reference to the results of a pilot study a sample of 3248 was determined, with a sampling accuracy of 5% and confidence level of 95%.
    Results
    The results indicated that 41.8% of workers behaviors were unsafe. The most frequent un safe behaviors were inappropriate use of personal protective equipments (PPEs) with 32% of total un safe behaviors. The results also notified a significant relationship between age, job experience and educa tional level on unsafe behaviors (P< 0.05). The highest weight, which is obtained by entropy, belongs to using inappropriate tools with weight of 0.1425. The ultimate findings of the study showed that a considerable number of workers'' behaviors were unsafe, which is one of the main antecedents of in dustrial accidents.
    Conclusion
    Considering catastrophic consequences of accidents in steel manufacturing industry, the results emphasize on diminishing unsafe behaviors and recommends applying behavior based safety principles.
  • Soltanian Ar, Faghihzadeh S., Mehdibarzi D., Gerami A., Nasery M., Cheng J Page 19
    Background
    Osteoarthritis is the most prevalent chronic non-infective joint arthritis. In the present study, the effect of new herbal pomade (Marhame-Mafasel) on knee osteoarthritis was investigated in a randomized trial. The objective of this study was to assess efficacy of Marhame- Mafasel pomade, which was consisted of several medic herbs like Arnebia euchroma and Martricaria chamomilla in pri mary osteoarthritis of the knee with non-compliance.
    Methods
    The 2?2 crossover trial enrolled 42 osteoarthritis patients (Marhame-Mafasel versus pla cebo) in 2006. The instrument of data collection was Western Ontario and McMaster Universities (WOMAC) LK3.1 standard questionnaires. We used conditional estimation to adjust non-compliance ef fect.
    Results
    The participants in each group were 21 patients. About 30 (71.4%) were female. The partici pants were between 40-76 years old. Positive analgesic effect of herbal pomade “Marhame-Mafasel” on knee osteoarthritis severity was considerable (P< 0.01). After adjusting results to compliance level, the estimators were sharper than crude results.
    Conclusion
    Herbal joint pomade "Marhame-Mafasel" has significant positive analgesic effect on pri mary knee osteoarthritis.
  • Samadi Mthd, Rahmani Ar, Sedehi M., Sonboli N Page 25
    Background
    The purpose of study was to evaluate and compare chemical quality of Iranian bottled drink ing water reported on manufacturer''s labeling and standards.
    Methods
    This study was a cross-sectional descriptive study and done during July to December 2008. The bottled mineral water collected from shops randomly were analyzed for all parameters address on manu facturer''s labeling and the results were compared with the manufacturer''s labeling data، WHO Guide line Values، USEPA Maximum Contaminant Levels and the maximum contaminant levels of drink ing water imposed by the Iranian legislation. Statistical analysis on data was done with the Kolmo gorov-Smirnov test for normal distribution، the paired t-test to compare the data with manufac turer''s label ing and the one-sample t-test to compare with standard and MCL values at P < 0. 05 of confidence level.
    Results
    The results showed a statistically significant difference with manufacturer''s labeling values، how ever there was no significant difference between the values of magnesium and pH and manufac turer''s labeling values (P> 0. 05). In addition، pH and calcium values were significantly higher than their pro posed values indicated by Iranian National Legislation and international MCLs (P< 0. 05).
    Conclusion
    Our results are extremely important for the health supervisory agencies such as Ministry of Health and Institute of Standards & Industrial Research of Iran to have more effective controls on bot tled water industries، and to improve periodical the proposed standard values.
  • Seif Rabiei Ma, Nikooseresht M Page 32
    Background
    Spouse abuse so called intimate partner violence (IPV) is a common problem in the world. This survey was conducted to identify IPV prevalence and related factors in district health centers in Ha ma dan, western Iran, in hope that, by identifying risk factors, preventive guidelines could be understood.
    Methods
    In this descriptive analytic cross sectional study, 600 married women from six district health centers in Hamadan, western Iran were randomly enrolled in 2007. For gathering information we used a questionnaire which included demographic and specific questions about IPV, based on WHO guidelines. For increasing validity of results, questionnaires were nameless and participants were ensured about concealment of their identities. Finally data analyzed by SPSS software (version15).
    Results
    Wife abuse was identified in 34.2% of participants. For understanding IPV risk factors, we used logistic regression method and 27 variables were enrolled in the equation and finally 4 variables were statistically significant to wife abuse (P< 0.05). These variables were: weak religious believe of men, history of wife abuse in participant''s mothers, men''s criminal history and finally men''s alcoholic abuse
    Conclusion
    Wife abuse was prevalent in this survey, so that 1 from 3 women was abused by their husbands. Other similar investigations in different countries also verify this result. Because of so many women who disclaim violence due to cultural texture and religious believe, it is believed that, intimate partner violence is more than those being reported.
  • Author(S) : Karami M._Najafi F._Karami Matin B Page 36
    Background
    Health policy makers are concerned about protecting people from catastrophic health expenditures and subsequent impoverishment. This study aimed to describe the magnitude and distri bution of catastrophic health expenditures in Kermanshah western Iran.
    Methods
    In this descriptive study, during May 2008, 189 households were chosen by “Systematic Random sampling” among the community of Maskan in Maskan Center for Population. After getting the informed consent forms signed, data ere collected using a questionnaire by interviewing the head of the families. The cut-off point for catastrophic expenditure was defined as health expenditures over 40% of household’s capacity to pay.
    Results
    From a total of 189 households, 22.2% (42) households (95% CI 16.3%- 28.1%) incurred catastrophic health expenditures. Out of 42 households, for 11.9%, the head of family was female. 40.5 % had one member younger than 12 years old, 26.2% had one member older than sixty years old, and 9.5% were households with at least one member with chronic condition. In addition, 19% were uninsured. In addition, because of financial burden of health expenditures 21.4% of the households sold their jewels, 16.7% used up their savings and 47.6% were in debt.
    Conclusion
    Compared to 2% of general population facing catastrophic health expenditure, 22.2% was a high proportion. Our study revealed the importance of protecting households against the cost of ill-health.
  • Dolatshahi Sh, Malakootian M., Akbari H Page 41
    Background
    High consumption of nonalcoholic beverages is one of the causes of dental erosion. An nual consumption of beverages in Iran is 48 LPCY (Lit per capita per year) that is equal to 144 bottles per capita in year and is relatively a high rate. Taking this into consideration، the present study was planned to determine the pH and fluoride content of beverages consumed in Kerman، south east of Iran.
    Methods
    In a descriptive cross-sectional study during 2006-2007، samples of any type of beverages in Kerman were taken once every 4 months and each sample was examined for its acidity and fluoride content in ambient and refrigerator temperatures. A total of 744 experiments were conducted on 62 brands of beverages with different colors to determine the acidity and on 31 brands of beverages to determine their fluoride content. Acidity was determined by pH-meter in the ambient temperature and refrigerator temperature (+4? C). Fluoride content was determined using specific electrode method. Data analysis was done by SPSS software package.
    Results
    Mean acidity of the consumed beverages in Kerman was 2. 55 and 2. 78 mg/L in the ambient temperature and refrigerator temperature، respectively. Mean fluoride concentration in the temperature of the ambient and refrigerator were 1. 13 and 1. 27 mg/L respectively. Therefore beverages consump tion in Kerman had a higher acidity than national standard.
    Conclusion
    Since some of the consumed beverages in Kerman are distributed and consumed in other parts of Iran as well، necessary precautions for controlling dental erosion especially in Kerman resi dents should be taken.
  • Rahbarian N., Mesgarian A., Mahmoudi Rad M., Hajaran Hhd, Shahbazi F., Mesgarian Z., Taghipour N Page 48
    Background
    To determine the epidemiological status of cutaneous leishmaniasis outbreak, isolation and identification of the agent parasite, Leishmania, using PCR method in Gonbad-e Qabus County, north Iran, during 2006-2007.
    Methods
    Data were collected on the prevalence of scars and ulcers over a period of 3 months among 6990 inhabitants of five villages around Gonbad-e Qabus County, north Iran, during 2006-2007. Cul tured promastigotes were identified using PCR technique. Its1 and its2 of Non Coding Transcribed re gion at ribosomal DNA of 46 Leishmania isolates were amplified and the PCR products were sepa rated by electrophoresis in 1.5% agarose gel (200 mA, 140 V), visualized by staining with ethidium bro mide, and photographed.
    Results
    Among 6990 inhabitants of 5 villages, 62.9% were identified as scars and 1.5% as active le sions. Individuals 11 to 20 years were the most highly infected age group. All the parasite isolates were Leishmania major.
    Conclusion
    Cutaneous leishmaniasis due to L. major is endemic in Gonbad-e Qabus County, north Iran.