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Research in Health Sciences - Volume:16 Issue: 2, Spring 2016

Journal of Research in Health Sciences
Volume:16 Issue: 2, Spring 2016

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1395/03/28
  • تعداد عناوین: 8
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  • Yousef Veisani, Ali Delpisheh, Kourosh Sayehmiri, Ghobad Moradi, Jafar Hassanzadeh Pages 64-67
    Background
    Suicide has become an increasingly widespread form of morbidity in the developing countries. There has been an increasing trend in morbidity and mortality due to suicide in Iran over the past few decades. This study surveyed attempts and completed suicide over a 5-year period.
    Methods
    Through a cross-sectional study, overall identified suicides by systematic registration suicide data (SRSD) in Ilam Province, western Iran from 21 March 2010 to 11 December 2014 were enrolled. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used for measuring the association between the risk factors of interest and suicide. The statistical software package was Stata 11.2.
    Results
    A Suicide attempts have slightly increased in Ilam during 2010-2014, during which, 6,818 attempted suicides occurred of which 546 were completed. The odds of completed suicide was higher among older age groups than younger ones so that the crude OR estimates of completed suicide among people aged 50 to 59 yr against people aged
    Conclusions
    We observed the variety of suicide risk factors that calls for more diversity in preventative programs. Distribution of suicide methods is diverse across the period of the study.
    Keywords: Suicide attempt, Suicide, Iran
  • Hassan Bazmamoun, Mandana Rafeey, Maryam Nikpouri, Robabeh Ghergherehchi Pages 68-71
    Helicobacter Pylori Infection in Children with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: A Case-Control Study
    Hassan Bazmamoun, Mandana Rafeey, Maryam Nikpouri, Robabeh Ghergherehchi
    Abstract
    Background
    Helicobacter pylori infection is one of the most common chronic bacterial infections. There is challenge on the real rate of prevalence of H. pylori in diabetic patients. This study was done to assess the prevalence of H. pylori infection in children suffering from type 1 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
    Methods
    In this case-control study, 80 diabetic patients (as the target group) refer to the Endocrinology Clinic of Tabriz Educational and Treatment Center, Tabriz northwestern Iran and 80 non-diabetic patients (as the control group) from the group of children referring to the GI Clinic of the same center were enrolled in 2012 and 2013. Then H. pylori infection was assessed in two groups using measuring antibody (IgG) and stool antigen (HpSA).
    Results
    H. pylori infection tests were positive in 48 (60%) diabetic patients and in 32 (40%) in non-diabetic patients (P=0.030). There was a meaningful correlation between the frequency of H. pylori and the longer the duration of diabetes (P
    Conclusions
    Type 1 diabetic children especially cases with the longer duration of diabetes, are at risk acquiring H. pylori infection. Therefore, screening of H. pylori infection is helpful on the follow up of these patients.
    Keywords: Helicobacter pylori, Diabetes Mellitus, Insulin, Dependent, Children
  • Azar Pirdehghan, Nafise Poortalebi Pages 72-75
    Background
    Despite the effectiveness of drug therapy in diabetes management high rates of poor adherence persist. The purpose of this study was to determine the factors influencing the medication adherence and dietary regiment in type2 diabetic patients.
    Methods
    This cross sectional study was conducted on 300 type2 diabetic patients referred to General Internal Medicine Clinic, Yazd Shohdaye Kargar Hospital,Yazd City, central Iran between September and December 2013. Each consented participant was interviewed by a trained study member using a questionnaire in three sections: Socio-demographic questions, self-reported Morisky medication adherence scale and Disease and medication beliefs Patient’s questionnaire. Multivariable logistic regression model was developed to identify independent predictors of poor adherence. P
    Results
    Patients had diabetes for an average of 8.87 (SD: 6.0) yr with a mean age of 58.22 (SD: 10.27) yr. Totally, 101(33.7%) of the patients reported poor adherence with their diabetes medication. In multivariate analyses, good familial support (OR=0.11; 0.03, 0.37), and tendency to consume sweets (OR=1.21; 1.05, 1.39), belief about medication (OR=0.02; 0.018, 0.07) and tendency to consume vegetables (OR=0.75; 0.65, 0.88) were considered as predictive factors for poor adherence.
    Conclusions
    Familial support, belief about medication, tendency to consume sweets and vegetables are logical goals for educational interventions to modify diabetes self-management.
    Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus, Adherence, Diabetes, Medication Adherence, Health Beliefs
  • Najmeh Tavakol, Soleiman Kheiri, Morteza Sedehi Pages 76-80
    Background
    Time to donating blood plays a major role in a regular donor to becoming continues one. The aim of this study was to determine the effective factors on the interval between the blood donations.
    Methods
    In a longitudinal study in 2008, 864 samples of first-time donors in Shahrekord Blood Transfusion Center, capital city of Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province, Iran were selected by a systematic sampling and were followed up for five years. Among these samples, a subset of 424 donors who had at least two successful blood donations were chosen for this study and the time intervals between their donations were measured as response variable. Sex, body weight, age, marital status, education, stay and job were recorded as independent variables. Data analysis was performed based on log-normal hazard model with gamma correlated frailty. In this model, the frailties are sum of two independent components assumed a gamma distribution. The analysis was done via Bayesian approach using Markov Chain Monte Carlo algorithm by OpenBUGS. Convergence was checked via Gelman-Rubin criteria using BOA program in R.
    Results
    Age, job and education were significant on chance to donate blood (P
    Conclusions
    Due to the significance effect of some variables in the log-normal correlated frailty model, it is necessary to plan educational and cultural program to encourage the people with longer inter-donation intervals to donate more frequently.
    Keywords: Blood Donation, Correlated Frailty, Recurrent Event, Log, Normal Hazard Model, Bayesian Method, Markov Chain Monte Carlo
  • Ali Karimi, Samira Slamizad, Maryam Mostafaee, Zahra Momeni, Fateme Ziafati, Shokoofe Mohammadi Pages 81-84
    Background
    According to the growth of photocopier usage in workplaces, the potential risk of occupational exposure to the airborne chemicals has been raised up. Hence, monitoring the photocopy worker's respiratory functions seems to be necessary. We aimed to evaluate the respiratory health on photocopy and printing workers so that a reliable description can be made about their occupational hygiene.
    Methods
    This study was performed in Shiraz, southwest Iran in 2014 and a group of 150 photocopy and printing workers were surveyed as exposed group in addition to a group of 114 office staff as unexposed group. The respiratory standard questionnaire was used to evaluate the prevalence of respiratory symptoms among the selected staff. Pulmonary function indexes including VC, FVC, FEV1 and the FEV1/FVC ratio were calculated. Finally, t-test, Chi Square and multiple logistic regressions were conducted.
    Results
    VC, FVC and FEV1 in photocopy and printing workers were lower than the unexposed group of which these differences for FVC and FEV1 were statistically significant (P
    Conclusions
    The prevalence of excess respiratory symptoms along with pattern of pulmonary restrictive sings in photocopy and printing workers revealed that the workplace conditions can result in occupational respiratory diseases.
    Keywords: Photocopy, Printing Workers, Pulmonary Function Indexes, Respiratory Symptom
  • Mohammad Khandan, Majid Nili, Alireza Koohpaei, Saeedeh Mosaferchi Pages 85-89
    Background
    Nowadays, the health work decision makers need to analyze a huge amount of data and consider many conflicting evaluation criteria and sub-criteria. Therefore, an ergonomic evaluation in the work environment in order to the control occupational disorders is considered as the Multi Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) problem. In this study, the ergonomic risks factors, which may influence health, were evaluated in a manufacturing company in 2014. Then entropy method was applied to prioritize the different risk factors.
    Methods
    This study was done with a descriptive-analytical approach and 13 tasks were included from total number of employees who were working in the seven halls of an ark opal manufacturing (240). Required information was gathered by the demographic questionnaire and Assessment of Repetitive Tasks (ART) method for repetitive task assessment. In addition, entropy was used to prioritize the risk factors based on the ergonomic control needs.
    Results
    The total exposure score based on the ART method calculated was equal to 30.07 ±12.43. Data analysis illustrated that 179 cases (74.6% of tasks) were in the high level of risk area and 13.8% were in the medium level of risk. ART- entropy results revealed that based on the weighted factors, higher value belongs to grip factor and the lowest value was related to neck and hand posture and duration.
    Conclusions
    Based on the limited financial resources, it seems that MCDM in many challenging situations such as control procedures and priority approaches could be used successfully. Other MCDM methods for evaluating and prioritizing the ergonomic problems are recommended.
    Keywords: Multiple Criteria Decision Making, Entropy, Occupational ergonomics, Assessment of Repetitive Tasks Method
  • Roohalah Hajizadeh, Farideh Golbabaei, Somayeh Farhang Dehghan, Mohammad Hossein Beheshti, Sayed Mohammad Jafari, Fereshteh Taheri Pages 90-95
    Background
    Necessity of evaluating heat stress in the workplace, require validation of indices and selection optimal index. The present study aimed to assess the precision and validity of some heat stress indices and select the optimum index for using in heavy work activities in hot and dry climates.
    Methods
    It carried out on 184 workers from 40 brick kilns workshops in the city of Qom, central Iran (as representative hot and dry climates). After reviewing the working process and evaluation the activity of workers and the type of work, environmental and physiological parameters according to standards recommended by International Organization for Standardization (ISO) including ISO 7243 and ISO 9886 were measured and indices were calculated.
    Results
    Workers engaged in indoor kiln experienced the highest values of natural wet temperature, dry temperature, globe temperature and relative humidity among studied sections (P
    Conclusions
    Since WBGT index, as the most applicable index for evaluating heat stress in workplaces is approved by ISO, and due to the positive features of WBGT such as ease of measurement and calculation, and with respect to some limitation in application of HSI; WBGT can be introduced as the most valid empirical index of heat stress in the brick workshops.
    Keywords: Heat stress index, Physiological responses, Environmental parameters, Validati