نشریه کودکان استثنایی
سال هجدهم شماره 4 (پیاپی 70، زمستان 1397)

Family quality of life the extent to which families’ needs are met, family members’ enjoying their lives together, and whether family members have opportunities to engage in activities they consider important. The current research aimed to i the factorial structure the Beach Center Family Quality of life Scale in families with autism spectrum children in Ahvaz. Methods This study was psychometric of methodological studies type. 93 families (46 families of Golsan center, and 47 families of Nhal center) with autism spectrum children were chosen by based-purpose sampling method and include criteria, and completed Beach Center's Quality of Family Life Scale. The data were analyzed using exploratory factor analysis and via SPSS-21. The results factor analysis identified 5 factors of family interactions (23.89%), parental (19.22%), emotional well-being (14.15%), physical/material well-being (12.81%), and disability-related support (9.62%). The Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficients for whole of scale 0.85 and for first to five factors 0.91 to 0.96, respectively: the correlation coefficients of each item with total score of the scale ranged from 0.22 to 0.58 (p < 0.001); and the convergent validity coefficients of the scale with Family Resources was 0.54 and with Family Functioning Scales (APGAR) 0.73 (p < 0.01). In according to findings obtained of reliability and validity can be concluded that the Beach Center Family Quality of life Scale in research activities and counseling for families of children with special autism spectrum problems is applicable.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Transcranial direct-current stimulationon the improvement of visual and auditory attention in People with attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder(ADHD)in Tehran. This research was supposed as an quasi-experimental one and it was carried out by using a pre-test and post-test method with the control group. The statistical population of the study consisted of all individuals who suffer from attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder in Tehran in 1396. For about 30 individuals were determined as sample size.from the statistical population group , 30 individuals were selected as experimental group and 15 oneswere determined as the control group. It should be noted that they were selected by using random sampling method. For the experimental group, interference of Transcranial direct-current stimulation was studied. In this research some of Data collection tools are such as Wendryota(WURS) Questionnaire, it was used of (IVA) test Computer task of psychological and simultaneous Visual and Audio (SCL-25) execution and ANCOVA covariance. The results of the post-interferenc estudy showed that there is a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in the degree of attention variable (visual and auditory). Therefore, it can be said that direct transcranial electric stimulation can play an important role on the improvement of visual and auditory attention in patients with attention deficit -hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Transcranial direct-current stimulation on the improvement of visual and auditory attention in People with attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder(ADHD)in Tehran. This research was supposed as a quasi-experimental one and it was carried out by using a pre-test and post-test method with the control group. The statistical population of the study consisted of all individuals who suffer from attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder in Tehran in 1396. For about 30 individuals were determined as sample size. from the statistical population group, 30 individuals were selected as experimental group and 30 ones were determined as the control group. It should be noted that they were selected by using random sampling method. For the experimental group, interference of Transcranial direct-current stimulation was studied. In this research some of Data collection tools are such as Wendryota(WURS) Questionnaire, it was used of (IVA) test Computer task of psychological and simultaneous Visual and Audio (SCL-25) execution and ANCOVA covariance. The results of the post-interference study showed that there is a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in the degree of attention variable (visual and auditory). Therefore, it can be said that direct transcranial electric stimulation can play an important role on the improvement of visual and auditory attention in patients with attention deficit -hyperactivity disorder(ADHD)

Social perception and emotions play an important role in decision making process. This is notably evident in communication with mentally retarded people who are in worse situation compared to the normal persons. Therefore, this study aims to investigate The Role of Aggression and Self-Compassion in the Forgiveness in mother assistants of the rehabilitation centers for mentally retarded people. This is a descriptive study based on the correlation-regression analytical method. The statistical population consisted of all 415 mother assistants from rehabilitation centers for mentally retarded people in Golestan province, of whom 200 were selected as the sample using the simple random sampling method. Data were collected individually[1] in these centers. In this research, Forgiveness Scale (Ehteshamzadeh et al., 2010), Aggression Questionnaire (AGQ) (Buss and Perry, 1992) and Self-Compassion Scale – Long Form (SCS-LF) were used. The results indicate that, in total, problem solving and cultural intelligence styles could predict positivism. In part, the components of the creative style (0.60), the helpless subscale in problem solving (0.75), orientation style (0.81), strategic intelligence or meta-cognition (0.83), trust in problem solving (0.85) and finally, behavioral intelligence increased the prediction ability to 0.859. Generally, forgiveness is highly influenced by emotional components and can have many practical implications in the therapeutic and educational fields.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of Psycho-motor rehabilitation (Dohsa-hou) method on executive functions, mental flexibility and the theory of mind in high performance autistic children in Behbahan city. Research design was a semi experimental type of pre-test and post-test with control group. The subjects were 10 autistic children with high performance whom were selected by convenience sampling method that randomly assigned to two test groups (5 people) and a control group (5 people). The data was collected by implementing Gilliam Autism Ranking Scale GARS (1995), Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function BRIEF (2000), Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST (1948) and the Theory of Mind Test (1999). To perform the intervention, first both test and control groups, were pre-tested. The test group received interventions during 12 sessions of 60 minutes. Then, from the both groups, post-test was taken and after one month the research was terminated by follow-up. For data analysis, one-way covariance analysis (ANCOVA) was applied. The results showed, Dohsa-hou method was effective on the executive functions, mental flexibility and the theory of mind in high-performance autistic and this result was sustained after one month follow-up.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of emotional regulation in the treatment of symptoms of attention deficit - hyperactivity disorder. The present study was a clinical trial with pre-test and post-test research. The statistical population included 30 children aged 7-14 years with attention deficit - hyperactivity disorder referring to the private clinic of children psychiatry in Tehran. Entrance requirements in this study were
IQ >90 and Having attention deficit - hyperactivity disorder.The reason for the departure was the autism spectrum disorder and the absence of an ritalin during intervention. In this regard, all children were tested for the Raven test and the children's disease questionnaire (parental form) was CSI-4 The instruments of this study were child Syndrome Inventory(Parent form) and Integrated Visual and Auditory( IVA) test. IVA test was taken before treatment and after intervention. The emotional regulation(8 sessions and each session was trained for one and half hours). After IVA post-test, intervention was taken.For data analysis, SPSS software and pair t- test were used. the meanings of attention subscales (auditory Vigilance, auditory focus and auditory speed), inhibition measures auditory response Control ( auditory Prudence ,Auditory Consistency and auditory Stamina), and auditory Comprehention after Intervention therapy is more than pre-test and in all subscales, p (significance level) is higher than the 0/05 alpha, in other words (p>0/05). According to the results obtained in this study, it can be admitted that the method of emotional regulation in the improvement of the reduction of visual and auditory attention dificite and response control was effective and lasting.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of play therapy (with sand play approach) on the signs of children with posttraumatic stress disorder. The present study was Quasi - experimental with pre-test and post-test design with control group. The statistical population included all children aged 8-11 years with posttraumatic stress disorder in Tehran. The research sample consisted of 30 children with PTSD who were selected during a announcement (15 children in the experimental group and 15 children in the control group). Data were collected using a revised version of the Horowitz children's impact of Event scale. Therapeutic intervention was performed using of Sand Play Therapy. Data were analyzed using MANCOVA and ANCOVA methods. According to the results, the Sand Play Therapy caused a significant decrease in the signs of post- traumatic stress disorder in children with this disorder. Also, the Sand Play Therapy caused a significant decrease in the intrusive thoughts and avoidance of children with post- traumatic stress disorder. Therefore, it can be concluded that one of the effective methods for reducing the signs of post- traumatic disorder is the use of approach of Sand Play Therapy. Sand Play Therapy, PTSD, children.

To determine and compare the effectiveness of emotional regulation on compatibility emotional, social and academic boys 12 to 14 years with ADHD disorder. A quasi-experimental study experimental group and the control group pretest, posttest, and follow-up were two months old. The study sample of 164 secondary school students referred to the counseling center Education Branch city. Structured clinical interview and then grading scale Attention Deficit / Hyperactivity adults Connors (1999) and scale adjustment of students (Sinha and Singh, 1380) was used to analyze the data after 30 students were selected for were randomly assigned to three groups. The experimental group (emotion regulation training) interventions 8 meeting as a group and the control group were placed on a waiting list. All groups before and after the test and re-evaluated after two months. To analyze the data obtained from analysis of variance repeated measures was used. The results showed that emotional regulation training the Symptoms of attention deficit / hyperactivity disorder (F=17.14, P= 0.001), total adaptability score (F=11.55, P= 0.001), affective adaptability (F=24.54, P=0.001), social adaptability (F=17.24, P= 0.001) and educational adaptability (F=23.66, P= 0.001) in post test and after two month of follow up. Based on the findings, emotional regulation training, In addition to affective, social and educational adaptability; reduces the symptoms of attention deficit / hyperactivity disorder. Hence, this method can be used in families, educational and Psychological services and counseling centers in Iran in order to improve Symptoms of conduct disorder

The present study was conducted aiming to investigate the effectiveness of ACT on the quality of attachment and altruism of the children with externalized behavioral problems. The research method of the present study was quasi-experimental with pretest, posttest and control group design. The statistical population of the present study included all the children with externalized behavioral problems in the city of Tehran in 2016-17. Non-probable available sampling and random replacement were used in the present study in a way that 30 children were selected through available method and replaced into experimental and control groups. The experimental group received teaching interventions in nine sixty-minute sessions during two-and-a-half months. The applied questionnaires in the present study included children’s behavioral inventory (Akhenbach and Reskorla, 2001), attachment disorder questionnaire (Randolf, 2004) and abilities and problems questionnaire (Goodman et.al, 1997). The data gotten from the study were analyzed through ANCOVA method via SPSS24 software. The results showed that ACT has been effective on the quality of attachment and altruism in the children with externalized behavioral problems (P<0.001) in a way that this therapy could decrease the children’s attachment problems and improve their altruism. According to the findings of the present study it can be concluded that ACT can be employed as an efficient therapy to improve the attachment quality and altruism of the children with externalized behavioral problems.

Present study was aimed to determine the effectiveness of cognitive rehabilitation program based on prospective memory on the behavioral problems and executive functions of attention in children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. The present research was a semi-experimental study with pre-test, post-test design and control group. The participants were 32 girl children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder from schools in Kermanshah city using convenient method. Subjects were divided into experimental and control groups, each group consisting of 16 children. The experimental group received 18 sessions of cognitive rehabilitation program based on prospective memory, while the control group did not. The instruments were Rutter child behavior questionnaire and Stroop color-word test. Data were analyzed by MANCOVA. The results showed that cognitive rehabilitation program based on prospective memory had a significant effect on the behavioral problems and executive functions of attention in subjects (P≤0.0001). According to the findings, cognitive rehabilitation program based on prospective memory improved behavioral problems and executive functions of attention in children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder. So, this program can be used to improve behavioral problems and executive functions of attention of these children and planning for providing of cognitive rehabilitation program based on prospective memory for them have particular importance.

Mindful-based interventions have been the focus of attention among the third wave of cognitive-behavioral followers, in recent years. A variety of interventional techniques such as acceptance, emotional control, cognitive restructuring are increasingly incorporated into the interventional framework directed to help slow-paced population parents and caregivers. The present study was a meta-analysis investigating the effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions in alleviating the psychological problems related to slow-paced people parents and Caregivers. 7 studies were selected with a total of 211 participants: 181 mothers and 22 fathers of slow-paced population. The results indicated the effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions in reducing stress and improving the psychological factors such as mental health, life expectancy, parenting skills and interactive strategies among the target population.