مجله پزشکی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تبریز
سال چهل و یکم شماره 3 (پیاپی 141، امرداد و شهریور 1398)

In traditional medicine, Dill has been used for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorder and also for its hypoglycemic and lipid lowering effects. So, the aim of this study was to determining effect of long-term dill extract supplementation alone and along with regular aerobic training on lipid profile in serum of men hyperlipidemic patients. 60 male patients with hyperlipidemia after completing consent forms were randomized divided into four homogeneous groups; control, aerobic training, dill extract, and aerobic training along with dill extract. Furthermore, consumption of oral dill essential oil (2 mg.kg-1.day) along with aerobic exercise training protocol for 8-weeks performed (sessions were conducted 3 times a week, each lasting 45 minutes running on the treadmill). Blood samples were taken at two phases (48 hours before and after the last training session protocol) were collected. The levels of the total cholesterol and triglyceride in the experimental groups significantly decreased in compared the pre-intervention period (P<0=032). In addition, -22.75% decreasing in LDL-cholesterol and +49.76% increasing in HDL-cholesterol levels just in the aerobic exercise training along with dill extract was significant in comparison with the control group (P=0.001). The combination effects of regular aerobic training and dill supplementation, due to having additive effects in compared to treatment with dill supplementation and aerobic activity alone, more effective treatment methods to improve the lipid profile factors in associated with hyperlipidemia.

The microRNA (miRNA) is a new class of biomarkers that are involved in many biological processes and gene expression. The present study examined the effect of eight weeks of high intensity intermittent training (HIIT) on the levels of miRNA-1 and miRNA-21 in adolescent boys. In this experimental study, 22 adolescent boys in a randomly were allocated in two equal groups: HIIT group and control group. Training programs were conducted 3-4 times per week for 8 weeks. The HIIT program consisted of 6-8 running sprints (30-60 seconds) with a 3.5-4 min recovery. Mentioned indicators assessments were performed 18-24 hours pre and post intervention. The miRNA-1 was significantly higher after 8 week HIIT than they were pre-exercise training (pre-HIIT vs. post-HIIT) (P<0.05). However, miRNA-21 was significantly lower after the training period (P<0.05) ‏. The miRNA-1 and miRNA-21 can be used as an indicator to assess the adaptations associated with exercise training.

We investigated the activation of N-acetylgalactosamine-transferase11 (GALNT11) and the role of cyclophosphamide and cytarabine in expression of this enzyme in AML and CML patients. GALNT11 activity and expression levels were evaluated in human chronic myelogenous leukemia cells (K562) and human acute monocytic leukemia cells (THP1) after incubation with different concentrations of cyclophosphamide (Cyclo) and cytarabine (Cyta). Anti-proliferative effects of Cyclo and Cyta were examined by MTT assay. Real time-PCR and ELISA assays were applied to investigate the expression and activity of GALNT11, respectively. The IC50 values for Cyclo were 34.73±0.12 μM for K562 and 36.16±0.23 µM for THP1 cells. These valuses for Cyta were also 0.38±0.15 μM for K562 and 0.52±0.18 µM for THP1 cells. The activation and expression of GALNT11 increased in acute and chronic leukemia as glycosylation disorders. Also cyclophosphamide and specially cytarabine cause significant increase in activation and expression of GALNT11 which inhibits glycosylation and tumorogenesis dependent signaling pathway.

Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) in terms of pathological is an important indicator for evaluation and detection left ventricular systolic dysfunction. It seems that physical activity and circadian rhythms are effective on BNP concentration. The aim of this study was to investigate the acute effects of anaerobic exercise in the morning and evening on brain natriuretic peptide in women with Syndrome Metabolic. 17 women 30-40 years of age with Metabolic Syndrome were selected voluntarily and purposefully participated in the study. Then in two separate sessions (within 6 days) anaerobic exercise perfoemed in the morning and evening. Blood samples were collected before and immediately after exercise in the morning and evening. The BNP concentrations significantly increased after exercise in the morning and evening (P˂0.000). There was significant difference between morning and evening in BNP concentration after exercise (P˂0.002). Considering the significant difference in the mean BNP concentration in the morning and evening, due to the lower average of BNP concentration in the evening it seems activity in the evening have less stress on the myocardial wall.

Atherosclerotic coronary artery disease (CAD) is the major cause of death and disability by affecting more than 20% of the individuals over age 35. Lnc-Ang362, an AngII-upregulated long non-coding RNA transcript, regulates the vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation by targeting miR-221 and miR-222. The present study aimed to evaluate the association of the rs2858060 polymorphism in Lnc-Ang362 transcript with the risk of the atherosclerotic CAD. This case-control study included 150 affected individuals with CAD and 149 healthy controls. T-ARMS PCR method was used to determine the genotypes of each sample for the polymorphic marker rs2858060 in Lnc-Ang362 gene. The frequency of the homozygote genotype CC in control group (42.3%) was higher than patient group (31.3%). Individuals with CC genotype were shown to have lower risk of CAD (OR: 0.61; 95%CI: 0.36- 1.01; p= 0.05). The frequency of the polymorphic allele C was 0.51% in control group and 0.43% in patients (OR: 0.68; 95%CI: 0.49- 0.94; p= 0.02). The long non-coding RNA transcript Lnc-Ang362 may involve in the pathogenesis of the CAD and could consider as a molecular target for prognosis and screening of the patients with CAD.

Cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN) is a common diabetes complication. Damage of the autonomic nerves distributed in the heart and blood vessels in patients with diabetes may result in CAN and increase their risk of death. Therefore, CAN prevention is of considerable important for these patients. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of moderate aerobic exercise on heart rate variability (HRV) in type 2 diabetic neuropathy patients. In this quasi-experimental clinical trial study, 23 men with diabetic neuropathy were randomly placed at two groups: aerobic training (n=11) and control (n=12). Aerobic training was accomplished for 12 weeks (3 sessions per week, intensity 50%-80% of the reserved heart rate, duration of each session 25-45 min). Heart rate variability of patients was recorded for 20 min at rest and in the supine position before and after 12 weeks of aerobic training. In aerobic training group, time domain parameters contains SDNN and rMSSD were significantly increased after exercise compared to pre test values. Also in frequency domain parameters, HF was significantly increased and LF/HF ratio was significantly decreased. But in LF parameter was not observed any significantly different. In the control group was not significantly change in time domain and frequency domain parameters. Analysis of inter -group differences showed that changes in all time domain and frequency-domain parameters values (except for the LF Power parameter) in the exercise groups were significantly different from those in the control group. It seems that moderate intensity aerobic training improved the function of the cardiac autonomic system and hence, improved cardiac rhythm and eventually increased HRV in diabetic neuropathy patients.

Bacteriocins are antimicrobial proteins which prevent the growth of sensitive strains. The aim of study is to produce antimicrobial products using the lactic acid bacteria separated from low fat yogurt and survey on their antimicrobial activity. At the first bactobacillus separated from two kinds of pasteurized yogurt of Gilan and then its effect on E.coli and a staphylococcus aureus was studied by disc and gel diffusion methods. Also effect of different physicochemical factors on bacteriocin production was evaluated، using Taguchi methodology. The greatest zone diameter and the highest rate of production and E.coli (17 mm). This diameter was observed in PH 5، inoculation size 20%, temperature 25oC, Glucose and yeast extract as the carbon and nitrogen sources. The result analysis of varians showed that carbon and nitrogen type had significant product. The results in optimized MRS broth medium show that the best bacteriocin production in the optimized environment was 70% greater and it could be prev the bacterial growth property .

Considering the importance of the alkaline phosphatase enzyme for growth of liver cells and the presence of zinc in this regard the purpose of this project was to evaluate the Protective effect of zinc on the Alkaline Phosphatase Activity in rats exposed to Arsenic.

In this experimental study, a total of 48 male Wistar rats were randomly allocated into 8 sub-groups and were categorized as two short and long term evaluation: in a short-term period: group 1 control, group 2 received 40 mg/l As sodium, group 3 received 40 mg/l As sodium and zinc simultaneously and group 4 received 40 mg/l Zn. in a long-term period groups group 1 control, group 2 received 20 mg/l As sodium, group 3 received 20 mg/l As sodium and zinc simultaneously and group 4 received 20 mg/l Zn with oral administration. Blood samples were taken over a 30-day and 60-day period and serum enzyme alkaline phosphatase was measured.

Administration of 2 different doses of as sodium decreased the activity of alkaline phosphatase compared to the control group. Moreover, the simultaneous use as sodium with zinc increased the activity of alkaline phosphatase (P<0/05).

The arsenate sodium reduced the activity of alkaline phosphatase, and zinc can be able to reduce the toxic effects of arsenate sodium.

The present research aims to examine the effect of anaerobic exercise with melatonin consumption on the expression of Bax and Bcl-2 markers in rat myocardium after ischemic-reperfusion by isoprenaline. In the present experimental study, 28 male Wistar rats weighing approximately 200-250 g with two to three months old were divided into five groups: pilot (n=14), control (n=4), melatonin (n=4), anaerobic (n=4) and melatonin anaerobic (n=4). Pilot group were divided into two groups, isoperalin (n=7) and normal (n=7): isoperalin group injected isoprenaline with dose of 150 and 125 mg/kg BW with 24 hours in two consecutive days; and normal group has no injection. Then more fibros level was confirmed in isopernalin into normal groups used Masson-trichrom tanique. In the following Rats in melatonin group were gavaged every day for one month using a dose of 10 mg/kg BW. Meanwhile, rats in anaerobic group and melatonin anaerobic group were exposed training course with frequency of three times weekly for one month. But control group were injected only with isopernalin in the end of one month. Finally, rats were sacrificed after confirmation of infarct and expressions of bax and bcl2 gene were studied by real-time method. Melatonin treatment and anaerobic training have negligible effect on Bax and Bcl-2 gene expression. In the other hand, anaerobic exercise with consuming melatonin can decrease and increase Bax and Bcl-2 gene expression respectively and show significant effect, compared to treatment with melatonin alone. The anaerobic exercise with consuming melatonin into consuming melatonin alone can reduce inactive induced-Infarction level.

One of the problems that influenced surgeon and anesthesiologist in strumental spinal fusion surgery (CD surgery) is the excessive bleeding during surgery. There are different ways for reducing bleeding during surgery such as the intravenous administration of tranexamic. In this study the effect of two doses of tranexamic acid for reducing of bleeding in spinal fusion surgery was evaluated. This clinical trial study was performed on 75 patients with class I and II ASA patients scheduled for strumental spinal fusion surgery under the same general anesthesia. The patient’s randomly divided into 3 groups. One group received single dose of tranexamic acid and another group received single dose of tranexamic acid plus maintenance dose of tranexamic acid that continued during surgery and the control group received normal saline as a placebo. The blood loss during surgery and until 24 hours later was documented. Bleeding score and surgeon satisfaction scores were recorded. The amount of blood loss was reduced in both groups receiving the tranexamic acid (934 cc in control group, 664cc in single dose group and 758 cc in single dose plus maintenance dose group). But the difference was not statistically significant. (P value>0.05). The quality of surgery field, surgeon satisfaction scores and blood transfusion to patients in 3 groups was not significantly different.

Lipid peroxidation is a prominent manifestation of free radical activity in biological systems, and it is involved in the development of different diseases such as cancer or cardiovascular and liver diseases. Malondialdehyde (MDA) is globally recognized as a scientifically accepted biomarker of oxidative stress. Due to the significance of MDA as a marker of lipid peroxidation and because of its elevations in various diseases, the assessment of MDA with new and reliable assays, the development of a fast, sensitive, and selective method to detect MDA with simple instruments is necessary. This study used the electro polymerization of a low toxic and biocompatible polymer with entitle poly arginine-graphene quantum dots-chitosan (PARG-GQDs-CS) as a novel strategy for surface modification of glassy carbon (GC) surface and preparation a new interface for measurement of MDA in human exhaled breath condensate (EBC). Nanocomposite PARG/CS/GQDs the method of precipitation out of place (ex situ) on the electrode surface was prepared. To verify sequestration nanobiopolymer synthesized Scanning electron microscope images (SEM) were recorded. To identify and study the behavior of malondialdehyde electrochemical methods such as cyclic voltammetry and differential pulse voltammetry were used. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images indicated immobilization of uniformly CS and GQDs onto PARG film. The modified electrode appeared as an effective electro activity for detection of MDA. Under the optimized analysis conditions and physiological pH, the prepared sensor showed one oxidation processes for MDA at potentials about 1 V vs. Ag/AgCl with a low limit of quantification (LLOQ) 5.94 nM. The Glassy carbon electrod modified by poly-arginine/chitosan/graphene quantum dots, has good electrical activity for Electro-oxidation malondialdehyde that could be due to synergistic effect poly-arginine, graphene quantum dots and chitosan to create many active sites for this purpose.

All microorganisms are negatively charged using the sulfate groups in acid mucopolysaccharids , ionized phosphate groups of the phospholipids and some other chemical groups on the their surfaces. Recent researches concerning the effect of electrical fields on the biologic processes, anti-inflammatory and carcinogenic effects provides a good opportunity to investigate whether these fields can gravitate or repel the microorganisms or not, therefore in this experimental study electrical gravitation of Staphylococcus aureus in liquid culture medium was investigated. To make the electrical field a plastic tank with positive electrode (cathode) and negative electrode (anode) was constructed on the either sides. Afterwards the tank was filled with sterile nutrient broth medium and S. aureus ATCC 29213 was cultured. For homogenization of the bacteria in all parts of the medium, the medium was stirred and positive and negative charges were generated in the poles of the tank. After 24 hours, sampling was performed from different parts of the tank and the samples were cultured in nutrient agar medium. This experiment repeated three times in the same manner and the average results were calculated. Average results of bacterial counts on samples taken from different parts of the tank with an electrical field intensity of 20 Nm/colon in all three experiments showed that the numbers of S. aureus near the positive electrode was 8.2×103 CFU/ml, in the middle of the medium was 6.2×103 CFU/ml and near the negative electrode was 3.6×103 CFU/ml ‏. The electrical fields caused S. aureus gravitation towards positive electrode.

Bisphosphonates are commonly used in the management of skeletal complications such as metastatic bone disease, hypercalcemia of malignancy and osteoporosis. However, these chemicals may have an adverse side effect called BON (Bisphosphonate-associated osteonecrosis). The objective of this study was to assess the awareness among dentists in Tabriz, Iran about the bisphosphonate-related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw (BRONJ). In this descriptive, cross-sectional study a total of 270 dentists were involved to determine their knowledge about the BRONJ. The questionnaire was already validated by ten faculty members and university researchers. The average knowledge scores of participating dentists about BRONJ was 8.47± 2.52. The lowest score was 2 and the highest score was 12.There was no significant relationship between knowledge scores with age, university of graduation and the duration of clinical work experience. Women and recent graduates were found to have statistically significant more knowledge. The dentists working at Tabriz city have good knowledge regarding the BRONJ.