فهرست مطالب
Hormozgan Medical Journal
Volume:20 Issue: 6, Feb-Mar 2017
- تاریخ انتشار: 1395/12/10
- تعداد عناوین: 8
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Page 373IntroductionOne of the most common problems during laryngoscopy involves sympathetic system stimulation and the subsequent hemodynamic changes. It is a key measure to maintain the hemodynamic stability of patients with cardiovascular diseases during induction of anesthesia. This study attempted to compare the hemodynamic effects of laryngeal mask airway and combitube.MethodsThis prospective clinical trial was conducted on a total of 142 candidate patients 18 to 60 years of age with ASA I and II undergoing elective surgery. Patients were randomly divided into three groups: (1) mask ventilation (control group) (2) laryngeal mask airway and (3) combitube. At the next stage, the systolic and diastolic blood pressures and heart rates were measured at the following points in time: baseline, after induction of anesthesia and before airway manipulation, 1, 3 and 5 minutes after ventilation. The findings were analyzed and PResultsPatients in all three groups were closely matched in terms of age, height, weight, sex and Mallampati score. The duration of combitube insertion was significantly longer than that of laryngeal mask airway (LMA) (PConclusionLMA insertion leads to lower hemodynamic responses in patients during airway management compared to combitube. This is can be an important issue in cardiovascular patients.Keywords: Insertion, Hemodynamic Effects, Laryngeal Mask Airway
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Page 383IntroductionCadmium is recognized worldwide as a toxic metal. In this study, Solvent-Assisted Dispersive Solid Phase Extraction (SA-DSPE) combined with Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (FAAS), was used for determination of trace amounts of Cadmium (Cd-II)) in drinking water samples.MethodsIn this approach, the dispersion of the sorbent was achieved by injecting a mixture of solution of the sorbent and dispersive solvent into the aqueous sample. Thereby, a cloudy solution formed. The cloudy solution was centrifuged and the enriched Cd (II) in the sediment phase dissolved in ethanol and determined by FAAS. Some effective parameters for SA-DSPE, such as: pH, concentration of chelating agent, type and amount of sorbent, type and volume of dispersive solvent and salt effect were investigated and optimized.ResultsUnder the optimized conditions, the detection limit for Cd (II) ions was 0.6 ng mL-1. Calibration curve was made in the range of 1-300 ng mL-1, obtaining good linearity (R2=0.9930). Finally, SA-DSPE was successfully applied for trace determination of Cd (II) in drinking water samples.ConclusionSA-DSPE is environment friendly and strongly against high contents of salt. The other benefits of the method are its simplicity, ease of operation, good precision, short extraction time, low cost, and a good enrichment factor.Keywords: Cadmium, Atomic Absorption Spectrometry, Drinking Water
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Page 393IntroductionVisfatin is predominantly secreted from visceral adipose tissue and mimics the effect of insulin by binding to insulin receptors. The purpose of the present research is to examine the effect of glucose intake on plasma visfatin concentration following an aerobic exercise session.MethodsIn a quasi-experimental study, 16 male non-athlete students (21.91±2.31 yrs., 77.53±8.93 kg, 1.768±0.07 cm, 24.31±2.07 kg/m2) were randomly divided into water and glucose groups. Blood samples were collected at five stages: before exercise, immediately after exercise, and 30, 60, and 90 minutes after exercise. The subjects were instructed to perform a 45-minute aerobic exercise (a 10-min warm-up, followed by a 1-mile running at maximum speed with 3-minute rests between bouts). Immediately after the second blood sampling, sugary liquids (1.5g glucose for each kg body weight) and water (similar volume) were administered. The data was analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA and LSD test at PResultsPlasma visfatin levels increased immediately after exercise, but the increase was not significant. At the following times (30, 60, and 90 minutes after exercise), plasma visfatin levels decreased in both groups, but the decrease was not significant. Significant difference was observed in the visfatin levels of the glucose group at 60 and 90 minutes after exercise compared to immediately after exercise. The plasma glucose level of the glucose group was significantly lower than the water group. Significant increase in plasma insulin was observed by glucose intake at 30 and 60 minutes after exercise. Although at 90 minutes after exercise the plasma insulin level of the glucose group was higher than that of the water group, but the difference was not significant.ConclusionAccording to the findings, changes made in visfatin levels following acute exercise and glucose intake is not significant. So, probably visfatin has no role in improving the acute exercise-induced metabolic status and glucose intake in healthy subjects.Keywords: Glucose, Visfatin, Aerobic Exercise
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Page 401IntroductionOne of the most important human senses is vision, which its loss is causing many primary and secondary complications for physical and psychological health such as difficulties in static and dynamic balance. This study aimed to compare the effect of 8 weeks of Spark and Frenkel exercises training on the static and dynamic balance in blind people.MethodsIn this quasi-experimental study, 30 blind people with no other disabilities aged between 15 and 49 years old were randomly assigned to three groups of control (n=10), Spark (n=10) and Frenkel (n=10). At first, a pre-test of static balances and dynamic balance were performed for all three groups; Spark Group received Spark program exercises and Frenkel group received Frenkel exercises for two months, with no intervention for the control group. After two months, the required post-test exercise protocols were performed. Data were analyzed using SPSS 21. Paired t-test, ANOVA, and independent t-test were used to analyze the data.ResultsThe results indicated that both Frenkel and Spark training programs had a significant effect on static and dynamic balance of the blind, but Frenkel exercises had a greater influence on the dynamic balance.ConclusionIt seems that Frenkel and Spark training program are useful and effective methods to enhance static and dynamic balance in bilind people.Keywords: Spark Exercise, Frenkel Exercises, Static Balance, Dynamic Balance, Blindness
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Page 407IntroductionMuscular fatigue is a common phenomenon in daily sports activities and is worsening motor performance. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of neck muscular fatigue on static and dynamic postural control in elite male volleyball players.MethodsFor this study, 30 elite male athletes with mean age of 23.3±3.5 years old, height of 184.1±7.7 cm, and weight of 76.6±3.1 kg were selected in the available form and divided randomly into control and experimental groups. Fatigue protocol was induced on both sides via maximal exhausting protocol by instructing the subjects in experimental group to perform a Dumbbell Shrug Trap Exercise commonly used in fitness training to specifically involve Levator Scapulae and Trapezius superior muscles. The subjects dynamic and static postural control ımmediately after fatigue were assessed by Biodex System (level 4 and 3). For statistical analysis paired and sample t-test (α≤0.05) were used.ResultsThe results of this study showed that in the level 4 of Biodex system there were significant differences in Ant-Post (P=0.030), Med-Lat (P=0.020), Limit of stability (P=0.012) and dynamic balance (P=0.011). In the level 8 of Biodex system there were significant differences in Ant-Post (P=0.022), Med-Lat (P=0.020), Limit of stability (P=0.011) and dynamic balance (P=0.021). With respect to study results, there were significant differences in static balance(P=0.012) in experimental group but there were not significant differences in control group (P=0.214).ConclusionBased on this study results, we concluded that neck muscle fatigue affects stability indexes, static and dynamic postural control so it seems that increasing the endurance of neck muscles to prevent early time fatigue, should be considered.Keywords: Static Postural Control, Dynamic Postural Control, Elite Volleyball Players
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Page 416IntroductionSince pharmaceutical syrups are widely taken by children in Iran, drop of pH in oral cavity and dental decay resulted from the syrups are of high importance. This research aims to study buffering properties of saliva when in contact with some of vitamin syrups available in pharmaceutical market of Iran.MethodsIn the present study, 1 milliliter (ml) of 6 samples of vitamin syrups including Vitamin C, Vitamin B-Complex, Vitamin AD, Vitamin syrup Sandros (E, D3, C, B12, B6, A, Folic Acid, Biotin), Eurho syrup (B-Complex, Vitamin C) and Vitane Droplets (Multivitamin) and also a sample of distilled water as control were examined. Initially, pH was measured in each sample, and then 1 ml of stimulated saliva collected from children (6-12 years old) and 2 ml of deionized water was added to them and mixed. Finally, pH was measured in 5 and 20 minutes after mixing by the use of TECHNO Digital pH Meter.ResultsFive minutes after adding saliva to the syrup samples, pH of all the samples increased. The minimum increment was observed in Vitamin C and the maximum was observed in both Eurho and Vitane. The increment was significant just in Eurho and Vitane (P0.05).ConclusionIncrease of pH in Eurho and Vitane after 5 minutes contacting with saliva was significant compared with the initial pH. It shows the positive buffering effect of saliva on the pH of these two syrups and; consequently, reducing the probability of decay after consuming them.Keywords: Saliva, PH, Pharmaceutical
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Page 422IntroductionAcinetobacter species are important opportunistic pathogens, widely spread in hospital's environment and responsible for different health care associated infections. Because of its ability to rapidly develop resistance to the major groups of antibiotics, treatment of Acinetobacter infections is difficult and antibiotic susceptibility tests can help in choosing the best antibiotics, decreasing the cost and duration of hospitalization. The goals of this study were to determine frequency and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Acinetobacter species, clinical parameters and outcomes of patients, in Shahid Mohammadi hospital, Bandar Abbas.MethodsBetween April 2010 and March 2011, a total of 2132 positive cultures were obtained from various clinical specimens of hospitalized patients. Suspicious isolates of Acinetobacter were identified by routine microbiological methods. Antibiogram patterns of isolates for 12 currently used antibiotics were determined by Kirby-Bauer method. Clinical and microbiological data of patients was analyzed by SPSS 16 software.ResultsA total of 68 (3.2%) Acinetobacter species was isolated. Acinetobacter isolates was mostly obtained from ICU (24 cases, 35.8%) and emergency (12 cases, 17.9%) wards, and trachea was the major site of infection (41.2%). Colistin with 83.7% susceptibility rate was the most effective antibiotic, followed by ofloxacine 47.4% and chloramphenicol 39.5%. A high rate of resistance was observed to meropenem (98.1%), and cefepime (90.4%). Mortality rate was 14.7% in patients, mostly because of bacteremia.ConclusionBecause of its serious infections and high-drug resistance, continuous monitoring of antimicrobial susceptibility and strict adherence to infection guidelines are essential to prevent and decrease Acinetobacter infections.Keywords: Acinetobacter, Microbiasensitivity Test, Intensive Care Units
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Page 430IntroductionComplicated crown fractures involve enamel, dentin, and pulp and occur in 0.9 to l3% of all dental injuries. If left untreated, will always result in pulp necrosis but, if it handled correctly, prognosis of the pulp following a traumatic crown fracture can be favorable.
Case Report: The present case report describes an apexogenesis report of a 9-year old boy referred to department of Endodontics 4 days after an impact trauma to the maxillary right central and lateral incisor that caused a complicated crown fracture and pulpal exposure. In the radiographic examination, the tooth was observed to be immature. After access cavity preparation, cervical pulpotomy was performed, and the remaining pulp was capped with mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) cement. The crown was restored by composite on the next day. The radiographic and clinical examinations on the 18-month follow ups showed that the tooth remained functional, root development was completed, and the apex was formed. No further endodontic intervention was necessary.ConclusionMTA pulpotomy is an effective treatment in maintaining pulpal vitality and allowing physiological root development.Keywords: Apexogenesis, MTA Cement, Pulpotomy, Trauma