Hormozgan Medical Journal
Volume:22 Issue: 4, Oct-Dec 2018

High-risk pregnancy, as a traumatic event, could cause postpartum disorders; thus, these women need psychological therapy. This study aimed to determine the efficacy of combination of cognitive-behavioral therapy and resiliency training based on Islamic spirituality instructions and cognitive flexibility on postpartum depression, fear of labor pain, and quality of life. This was a semi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design and a control group. It was performed among 40 pregnant women who had visited Bandar Abbas health centers. The participants were placed in two groups of control and experimental. Data collection was carried out using quality of life: SF12, postpartum depression by Edinburg, and fear of labor pain (FPQ-111) in the three stages of before, after and two months after the intervention. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and analysis of variance test. We found that the effect of combination of cognitive-behavioral therapy and resiliency training based on Islamic spirituality instructions and cognitive flexibility on postpartum depression (P < 0.01), fear of labor pain (P < 0.01), and the quality of life (P < 0.01) was significant, and the difference between the two groups was significant (P < 0.01). Trainings based on Islamic instructions were effective on reducing postpartum traumatic symptoms.

Breast cancer is one of the most common malignancies in women around the world, which makes it essential to identify the behavior of tumors regarding cost-effectiveness and highly diagnostic methods. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between Allred score and tumor behavior in breast cancer patients. This study was performed on 100 patients with breast cancer. The following data were obtained for each participant: Patient satisfaction and demographic data, tumor size, tumor grade, lymph node involvement and histology of tumor, and Allred score. Chi-square, T student and analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests were used to compare the data. The results of this study showed that Allred score based on PR and ER had a reverse and significant correlation with tumor size (P < 0.05). On the other hand, Allred negative findings were found to be higher in patients with lymph nodes involvement (P < 0.05). Considering the benefits and potentials of Allred score based on PR and ER in detecting tumor behavior and according to the high prevalence of breast cancer, it is suggested for the results of this study to be provided to specialists from different health centers to improve the correct prediction of tumor behavior.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of cognitive-behavioral therapy accompanied by positive imagination of success during hypnosis on athletic performance. The research method was experimental with a pre-test, post-test, and control group. The sample consisted of two teams of 14-year-old players (n = 30) who were matched from age, educational status, absence of physical and mental disorder, as well as other criteria considered in this research. Then, they were randomly divided into two groups, experimental and control group. The pre-test was administered to both groups. The research instrument was Yeagly’s Football standardized test (YFT). The experimental group administered eight sessions of group cognitive-behavioral therapy with hypnotism and positive imagination, however, the control group did not receive any intervention. In addition, the experimental group, during the eight weeks of cognitive-behavioral group therapy, enjoyed three sessions of positive imagination during the hypnosis, whereas the control group did not receive any intervention. The data analysis results showed that the experimental group had a significant difference with the control group (P < 0.001). The performance of experimental group significantly increased in comparison with pre-test and control group. Cognitive-behavioral therapy accompanied by the positive imagination of success during hypnosis significantly increased the athletic performance in the experimental group in three items of shoot to the target, fixed pass, and moving pass. Therefore, to improve the performance of a soccer team, the use of cognitive behavioral techniques and hypnotism with positive imagination of success is recommended.

Cystic echinococcosis (CE) or hydatid cyst as a significant zoonotic disease caused by Echinococcus spp. is endemic in Iran. The present study was carried out to clarify the status of hydatidosis in Kaboodarahang, Hamadan province. This descriptive cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the prevalence of the hydatid cyst seroepidemiology in Hamadan province, Iran. Hamadan province was chosen due to its wide range of livestock breeding and human exposure to stray dogs. We studied the seroprevalence of the parasite and infection risks. In this cross-sectional study, overall 1232 serum samples (524 from males and 708 from females) were collected by randomized cluster sampling in 2016 - 2017. The sera were analyzed by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using IgG ELISA kits. Before taking the specimens, a questionnaire was filled out for each enrolled patient. The data were analyzed using the Chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression for risk factors analysis. The seropositivity was 1% (12 cases including four males and eight females). No significant difference was seen according to gender (P = 0.51). There was no significant association between CE seropositivity and age group, occupation, and region, but the association between keeping a dog (in the house or workplace) and a positive IgG test was statistically significant (P = 0.02). Although the seroprevalence of CE was relatively low in Hamadan province, yet, due to the importance of the disease and zoonotic feature of the organism, all preventive measures should be taken into consideration.

Socioeconomic factors and dietary intake have suggested being effective in the appearance of depression. A limited number of studies have addressed such factors in Iranian communities. In this study, we investigated the relationship between depression, dietary intake, and socioeconomic factors among married women within a developing community in the south of Iran. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 480 married women in 2014. A multi-stage cluster sampling method was used for sampling. The Beck depression inventory was used to assess the level of depression. 24-hour dietary intake information was collected using a self-administered diet history questionnaire. Demographic information and socioeconomic status were also collected using a predesigned questionnaire. The data were analyzed using the Pearson correlation coefficient, t test, chi-square test, analysis of variance, and linear and logistic regression models. The average age of subjects in this study was 38.6 (SD = 6.7) years. The prevalence of depression in married women was found to be 42.7%. A significant direct correlation was observed between the depression score and age, body mass index, the number of children, and family size. The daily intake of most macronutrients was inversely related to the depression level. Moreover, logistic regression analysis revealed that married women with lower education levels (odds ratio (OR) = 3.39, 95%CI: 1.83 - 5.43), unemployed spouses (OR = 5.72, 95%CI: 2.21 - 9.86), and low socioeconomic statuses (OR = 3.74, 95%CI: 2.33 - 5.07) were more likely to be depressed. The findings of this study suggest that compared to other subpopulations in Iran and foreign communities, married women in Bandar Abbas show higher rates of depressive symptoms. Education, employment, and economic status are among the most important predictors of depression in married women. Therefore, it is essential to consider these factors in future studies.

Occupational burnout is a type of prolonged response and has been regarded to be associated with chronic job-related stress and decreased job performance. In this study, we aimed to determine the level of occupational burnout and its related factors among medical imaging workers across Bandar Abbas hospitals in Iran. A questionnaire-based study was conducted among employees of medical imaging departments across Bandar Abbas hospitals, and the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) was used to determine the level of burnout. A total of 150 complete responses were analyzed using independent samples t-test, one-way analysis of variance, and Pearson’s correlation in SPSS version 20. Medical imaging employees had a moderate mean score for all the subscales of burnout, namely emotional exhaustion (EE) (20.7 ± 9.57), depersonalization (DP) (5.46 ± 5) and personal accomplishment (PA) (33.77 ± 7.97), compared to MBI norms. There were significant differences in each of the MBI subscales based on age, work experience, marital status and type of work environment. Also, the correlation between EE and DP scores and gender, DP and PA scores and academic degree and EE and PA scores and work load were significant (P < 0.05). However, there was no significant interrelationship between DP and workload, PA and gender EE and academic degree. Demographic and occupational variables can affect the level of burnout. Occupational burnout, on the other hand, may influence the quality of care. Therefore, modifying the work status and respecting the experience and expertise of radiographers can reduce occupational burnout among medical imaging employees.

Cutaneous leishmaniasis is a zoonotic disease, which is a public health problem in tropical and subtropical countries including Iran. This study aimed to study the prevalence and epidemiologic profile of acute cutaneous leishmaniasis in an endemic focus in southeast Iran. In this cross-sectional study, all patients with suspected cutaneous leishmaniasis referred to health centers and health networks in Sistan and Baluchistan province since the beginning of 2013 to March 2015 were examined. Then, the collected data were prepared in the form of tables using SPSS and were analyzed by tests. The percentage of leishmaniasis in men was higher than in women and there was a statistically significant difference between men and women regarding the infection rate of the disease. The results suggest a difference in the site of lesions on the body indicating confrontation with a new form of disease epidemiology. Thus, alongside the ongoing epidemiological studies, there is a need for further research in all aspects including the causes, reservoirs, hosts, prevention measures and treatments in order to control the disease.

Free radicals cause many diseases in humans. Antioxidants reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease and stroke by neutralizing free radicals and on the other hand, prevent the progression of cancer. The natural antioxidant enhances the antioxidant properties of plasma to prevent diseases such as heart disease, cancer, and stroke. Secondary metabolites derived from plants have a strong potential for antioxidant activity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the antioxidant activities of two native plants species, including Polygonatum orientale Desf and Tilia dasystyla extracts, which are obtained with three different solvents (water, ethanol, and methanol) and two extraction methods (sonication and water bath) by DPPH (2,2-Diphenyl-1-Picrylhydrazyl) and FRAP (Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Potential) methods. This study is the first research to investigate the antioxidant properties of Polygonatum orientale Desf and Tilia dasystyla. The results showed that methanol solvent had a higher efficiency among the other solvents in extracting of antioxidant compounds. Also, antioxidant level of Tilia dasystyla was higher than Polygonatum oriental Desf. In this regard, the highest FRAP values of Tilia dasystyla belonged to methanol solvent and water bath method with the amount of 2.72 ± 0.36 (mM). Whereas the highest FRAP values of Polygonatum orientae Desf belonged to methanol solvent and sonication method with the amount of 0.147 ± 0.01 (mM). Both plants showed antioxidant properties but Tilia dasystyla had higher antioxidant activities than Polygonatum orientale Desf. Methanol was more effective solvent in extracting antioxidant compounds and also water bath method was generally an effective method for extraction.