فصلنامه استراتژی راهبردی جنگل
پیاپی 6 (تابستان 1396)

Soil hydraulic conductivity (K) is an important parameter in designing drainage systems and estimating water flow in soils, Although some methods are suggested for direct measurements of saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks) but they are usually time consuming and costly. Pedotransfer functions (PTFs) is a valuable tool and indirect method to predict the Ks from the available soil data. The purpose of this research was to derive the best PTF that can predict saturated hydraulic conductivity values from the available parameters in Abadan. After basic studies drainage include logging (determination of texture, color, resistance to drilling, stickiness and plasticity) and determination of watertable, saturated hydraulic conductivity was measured on the soil columns using Ernest auger hole method then by exact semidetailed soil survey, morphological characteristics such as structure were specified as well, some physical and chemical properties of soil were measured, Geometric mean diameter (dg) and geometric standard deviation of soil particles (dg) were calculated by the exist equations. The multiple linear and nonlinear regression methods were used to develop the pedotransfer functions by using soil structure class, geometric mean diameter (dg), porosity and depth. From these four pedotransfer functions which were derived , the results indicated that accuracy of the derived PTF with R2=0.955 can predict the saturated hydraulic conductivity well from these four parameters and it can be used for primary estimation in order to design of irrigated poject.

Study on income distribution in rural areas and identifying methods for creating diversity in income of villages is necessary and can help improve the country's policy. In this study, the income and cost of households in the villages of the traditional span of Sardasht in Lordegan Township and the comparison of the results with the provincial and national average have been investigated. The approach that used in this research is descriptive and quantitative analysis using semi-structured interviews. In this regard, 170 questionnaires were completed with an error of 0.07 in June 2016. According to the findings of the research, the average income from each of the general salary groups, free agricultural and non-agricultural businesses in the Sardasht area is more than the provincial and national average. Also, the cost of food and clothing in the studied area is more than the provincial and national average. While the average cost of treatment and commuting is lower than the provincial and national average. According to the results, there is a correlation between the total income and the indicators of age, education, housing status, household size, Members with income in household, livestock, agriculture, and clan. In addition, there is a meaningful relationship between the total cost of the household and the indicators of age, the status of residence and clan.

With to studied, volume of Annual renewable annual fresh water per person in Iran in 1334 Da (1955 AD) was 6203 for one. And 1369 Da (1990 AD)to arrive 1404 Da (2025 AD)-less one third- decreased. In 2025 will arrived 816. Therefore , Iran is member of list of country with severe water shortage. With attitude to update survey of water department , Iran have 1 million water well involve deep and semi deep in country, now that they have dig license. The number of deep wells are 205511 ring and number of semi deep wells are 553087 ring in country. On the other hand increase of dig of well caused to decrease spring and Qanats that once important resource of water in ancient Iran. Now in all country is 50839 Qanats field that of course they are usually destroyed. The number of springs in Iran are 254554 ring that because of less of underground waters, caused to decrease of springs. Is correct function of water resources Management of Iran? This article describes the state of The Iranian Water Crisis From the point of view wells, Qanats and springs condition is assessment that focus is on Kor water resources in Fars province.on a map prepared in this study, about 45 percent of area was located in moderate classes to high risk classes and fire hazard threatened forests, grasslands, wildlife, welfare and recreation of people that have high dependence on these forests.

These studies point to a number of underlying causes contributing to the occurrence of illegal activities in the forest sector, including a flawed policy and legal framework and minimal law enforcement capacity in producer countries, insufficient information about forest resources and illegal operations and high demand for cheap timber. Corruption both in the public and private sector was also identified as intrinsically linked to illegal logging and associated trade. Cause illegal cutting by local people is firing forest and deforestation. Rather than dwelling on the many complex causes and far-reaching impacts of illegal forestry operations, this report attempts to identify examples of best practices to address the problem. Several countries have recognized the urgent need to develop a comprehensive and coherent strategy to tackle the problem of illegal forestry activities. This report shows that any strategy to address forest crime needs to be based on a sound understanding of the root causes behind the current situation. It presents a short analysis of the reasons why laws are broken along with the current best practices to establish a clear, transparent, sound and coherent forest policy and legislative framework that will foster better law compliance.