نشریه علوم تربیتی
سال بیستم شماره 2 (پاییز و زمستان 1392)

This study was an attempt at documenting the hidden curriculum of the text book “Religion and life” for the 3rd grade of high school and presenting suggestions for improving the religious education of the students in Esfahan. The research methodology was qualitative and the statistical population included the students of the 6 different districts of educational organization. Subjects were selected by special sampling method. First, 312 students were chosen in the 1st stage to respond to the questionnaire. Then, 64 people were selected for semi-organized interviews. The validity and reliability of the instruments and analyzing methods of information were implemented in accordance with the qualitative research techniques. The research revealed some hidden Consequences such as, contradictions between the content of the book and the present problems of the community; lack of positive attitudes toward the book as an instructing reference with Islamic values; the existence of negative attitudes regarding the applications of the book contents in real life; provision of ambiguities in beliefs especially in Islamic government issues; and developing the ideology for imitative selections instead of investigative selections. It also presented some strategies for improving religious education of students. The most important suggestions for improving religious education of the students are: Avoiding ideological thoughts; presenting religious teachings appropriate with modern findings in religion; measuring attitudes and the students’ performance instead of evaluating their knowledge.

In this essay authors try to clarify the evolution of the concept and situation of reason from ancient Greece through the Middle Ages with emphasis on Plato and Aquinas points of view , and to investigate the changes and differences of the concept of reason as the most fundamental element of human cognition and to consider the educational implications there of. In addition to the clarification of the importance of the situation of reason during each era, to revealing the range of its effects on education is another aim of this essay. Our and above the clarification of the place and status of reason, this investigation attempts to answers the question of whether or not there was a relationship between the status of reason and education in the eras involved. The answer is accessible by paying attention to the educational theories of plato and Aquinas, which are explicitly or implicitly based on their epistemological views on reason.

Present study aims to investigate the relationship between school climate and bullying behavior among the middle school students of Yazd city in the academic year of 2011-2012. Population of this study includes all of the middle school students of Yazd city, which of them, 400 students were selected by cluster random sampling. This article is a correlation- descriptive study. To evaluate school climate, Comprehensive School Climate Scale (CSCS, 2009) was used, and for evaluating bullying behavior, Olweus Bullying/ Victimization Questionnaire (1996) was applied. In this study, descriptive statistics such as, Pearson correlation and independent sample t-test were used for analyzing the data. Results showed that there is a negative and meaningful correlation between school climate and bully/ victim behavior. Also, it was found that male students were bullying and victimized more than of female students. Moreover, the results of this study showed that School climate and its components were in positive correlation with academic achievement. Meanwhile, there is a negative correlation between bully/ victim behavior and academic achievement (p

This research was intended to explore the effectiveness of blended learning environment on industrial training. The Research method was quasi-experimental and the Pretest -posttest control group design was used. Samples were taken from experts of HEPCO of Arak-City. Thus 60 experts were randomly selected and assigned to experimental and control groups. A problem solving comers was designed with two approaches of performance traditional versus blended based on game-Briggs model. The experimental group was exposed to G_B learning environment model, while the control group worked with a traditional one. For evaluating effectiveness of blended learning environment, two dependent variables covering satisfaction and learning were measured and compared with those of control group. Research tools included a questionnaire to measure satisfaction, and test to measure learning performance. Results indicated that designing a blended learning environment in industrial training increased learner’s satisfaction and produced better results in academic achievement and raised the overall effectiveness of the training of industry expert.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of critical thinking training using Socratic questions on critical thinking skills of psychology students of Islamic Azad university Ahvaz branch.The study sample included one class among all offered classes for under graduate students consisted of 44 students which were divided randomly into intervention and control groups.Pretest, post test control group design was used. After random selection of experimental and control groups, first for all two groups, pre test was performed, then the pilot intervention in 13 sessions of 90 minutes for the experimental group were presented and after the training program, post-test was taken for both groups. The students’ critical thinking skills were measured by Watson-Glaser Critical Thinking Appraisal (Form A). The reliability of test were measured with Kronbakh alfa method (α=0.75) and data was analyzed with Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA), in level of p

the purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of Piaget's view of education based on knowledge, skills and attitudes of students in fifth grade science teaching is in Sanandaj City. Research method in this study was a Quasi-experimental pretest-posttest control group. The study included all students in primary school in Sanandaj the in academic year of 1390/91, 60 fifth grade girls were selected initially and were divided into 2 groups of 30 students each, one experimental and other control. Samples were selected by multistage random sampling method. The tools used for gathering data in this study consisted of knowledge and skill tests and an empirical science attitude check list. First both the experimental and control groups were pre-tested for academic achievement. Then the experimental group received science instruction based on Piaget,s view while the control group was exposed to a traditional method of teaching both groups were post tested subsequent. For data analysis, descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation) and inferential analysis of covariance were used. Results showed that students who received instruction through the method based on Piaget's view had better academic achievement than the control group. The results showed that training based on Piaget's view on knowledge, skills and attitudes of students proved more positive.

The purpose of this study was investigating the problem-solving ability among users of computer games. Problem -solving ability refers to the person's ability to deal with problems and difficulties faced with problems at playing games. Research methodology in this study was a descriptive survey-type Statistical population in this research consisted of all pre-university students in Hamadan’s City in 1390-91academic year. Consisted: 260 of these students were selected by using multi-stage cluster sampling method. Data analysis was performed by using one way ANOVA test. The Tool for gathering data was Standard problem-solving questionnaire) Peterson and Heppner, 1982). After analyzing the data by using One wayANOVA test, result showed that: 1- there were significant differences between groups in the confidence for problem-solving (p

Art literacy is multiple dimension activity that is increasing inherent and instrumental value in educational system. Educational systems can help to art education in shape of approaches. One of the problems in Iran’s art education is the lack of correct understanding of art education approaches in Middle-school art education. The purpose of this research is to obtain information about the current approaches and knowledge domains in art education. In this content analysis and integration study, traditional, thinking disposition, integration, discipline-based art education, creative problem solving, preparing for the world of work, and promoting academic performance approaches were studied and explored in the current approved objectives for art education, the curriculum and syllabuses of art teacher training programs, the content of Middle-school art textbooks, and the National Curriculum Program in Iran's case. The results showed that the dominant approach in the current approved objectives is visual culture vision and in both the curriculum and syllabuses of art teacher training programs, and the content of Middle-school art textbooks is art production approach. In the National Curriculum Program have been considered perception of expressiveness and meaning, aesthetic, and discipline-based approaches. Knowledge-domains in the current approved objectives for art education more relates to knowing that, and knowing how is more obvious in both the curriculum and syllabuses of art teacher training, and the content of Middle-school art textbooks, while contains several knowledge kinds. Suitable model in Middle-school art education is as a way that can help to identification of approaches, curriculum characters and elements.

Principles of peace are worth living. Events honest moment that can help experienced social their lives. Peace, major prerequisite for the continued existence of human life, the generations are. As peace is important. Trained in this way lead like many problems. Fighting to remove or reduce. Peace education is one of the most compelling moral imperative for all people who live on this Belief. The main purpose of this study is to analyze the content of primary textbooks, basedon peace education components. The components considered in this study are Sense of solidarity, of forgiveness, Sense of responsibility to others, recognizing diversity and individual differences, Rejection of ethnic differences, racial, religious, loving others. Used method in analyzing of present study content was Shannon Entropy Method and unit of analyzing is also pages of (text, questions, practices and pictures) that include in sum of 3467 pages. Statistical society all of primary books .Sense of solidarity components more than other components and the less amount of consideration is relate to recognizing diversity and individual differences.

Increased environmental problems make inevitable the requirement of changing attitudes, knowledge and behaviors of different social groups towards the environment. The main purpose of this survey is to examine the level of knowledge, attitudes and environmental behavior of high school students in SanandajCity (Kurdistan, Iran). The research applies survey method. The statistic sample of the survey includes 386 high school students. The samples have been selected by multistage cluster sampling method and the data was gathered by using questionnaire. The survey findings show that about 68 percent of the surveyed students reported environmentally friendly responsible behavior. In addition, findings show that student's environmental knowledge was scored very high and there was rare essential appointment to do environmental behavior. While about 55 percent of the students indicated positive environmental attitude, the remainder had shown to hold technological attitude. Among determinants, environmental attitude showed to have most effects on environmental behavior which means, it is the most powerful predictor of the environmental behavior. The results also show that there is a weak relationship between environmental knowledge and environmental behavior. To explain this gap, the possible reasons have been expressed and the paper ends up with some implication for education policy makers to promote environmentally responsible behaviors among students.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Fernald technique on the dyslexia remediation of dyslexic students. The research method used in this study was a kind of experimental research design (pre and post- test with a control group). The target population of the study comprised Tabriz city’s 3rd grade dyslexic students. A sample of 30 male and female students was selected and were randomly assigned to an experimental and a control group of equal size (i.e.15 each). Reading diagnosis test, Ravens intelligent test, and Health and Education document were used. For analyzing the data, measures of both descriptive and inferential (co-variance) statistics were used. The results showed that Fernald technique was effective on dyslexic children and there was a significant difference between the post-test scores of experimental and control groups. Results showed that the increase was to the fernald technique. Thus Fernald technique proved to be effective in the remediation of dyslexic student.

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of the communication of educational department’s managers with students from the perspective of undergraduate students in Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz. The method of research was a mixed of one. To achieve this goal by using random sampling, 240 undergraduate students in their Third and Fourth year of study at Shahid Chamran University (SCU) were selected. A questionnaire was given to 210 of them and 30 of them were interviewed. The validity of questionnaire was measured by content analysis method and the reliability was computed by Cronbach alpha (0.95). The Organizational communication effectiveness of department managers and students was analyzed based on from five dimensions (structure, content, individual, organizational, and human communication). The results showed that organizational communication effectiveness of educational departments managers with students. From the perspective of content, individuals, organizational and human communications (t = 4) was not at the optimal level. However a proved to be significant in structural dimension (t = 3). The findings also showed human communications had the lowest mean and individual dimension ranked highest among the dimensions. The findings showed no significant differences between the humanities and non humanities in organizational communication effectiveness of university department's managers with students, but there were significant differences among faculties. Also, the findings showed no significant difference between boy and girl students in organizational communications dimensions, but significant differences was observed between boy and girl students in human communications dimension. Moreover, findings showed no significant difference between third and fourth year undergraduate students in all dimensions, except for the content dimension.

The aim of the present research was to study the effects of parent education on reading literacy performance of fourth grade students based on PIRLS 2006 data. After refining the data, the research sample totalled 4731 students studying in 4th grade in the elementary school who had participated in PIRLS exam. The scales used in this study were taken from reading background questionnaires for parents’ educational level, number of books at home, early reading abilities, early learning abilities, and reading literacy total scores that were used to arrive at the structural equation modeling for studying direct and indirect effects and total effects of Parents’ educational level (exogenous variable) on number of books at home, early reading performance, early reading abilities variables (endogenous variables). After confirming the latent variables measurement models and fitting the structural complex model, results demonstrated that the model under examination had goodness of fit with data. Effects of Parents’ educational level on number of books at home and reading literacy variables were significant. In the total model all of the direct effects were significant, but the effects of parents’ educational level on early reading performance and early reading abilities variables were not significant. Effects of parents’ educational level on 'early reading ability' were positive. Effects of Parents’ educational level on 'reading literacy achievement' was significant and could predictive 25% percent of this variance, and 67% percent of the number of books at home. Effects of parents’ educational level on early reading performance were negative, and not significant. Effect of the Number of books at home on reading literacy performance and early reading abilities were positive and significant. Effects of this variable on early reading performance was positive but not significant. Effects of number of books at home on early reading performance was negative and significant. Effects of early reading performance on reading literacy performance and early reading activities were significant, although the effects of this variance on reading literacy performance were negative but significant.