فهرست مطالب

Rehabilitation Journal - Volume:11 Issue: 17, Dec 2013

Iranian Rehabilitation Journal
Volume:11 Issue: 17, Dec 2013

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1392/04/05
  • تعداد عناوین: 14
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  • Ali Asghar Arastoo, Shahla Zahednejad, Azra Ahmadi, Masuod Nikbakht Page 5
    Objectives
    To compare the effectiveness of two treatment methods of «combination pharmacological treatment and treadmill training» and «pharmacological treatment» on management of MS patients.
    Methods
    In this controlled study a sample of 20 MS patients (mean of age of 36. 75 years) with Expanded Disability Status Scale scores (EDSS) 1. 0 to 4. 0, that all of them used from drugs of choice, Rebif and Avonex, were randomly assigned to a pharmacology (Ph) and combination of pharmacology & treadmill training (PhTT) groups. The intervention consisted of 8-weeks (24 sessions) of treadmill training (30 minutes each), at 40 - 75% of age-predicted maximum heart rate for the PhTT group. The Ph group followed their own routine treatment programme. Balance, speed and endurance of walking, quality of life and fatigue were measured by Berg Balance scores, time for 10m walking and distance in 2min walking and Fatigue Severity Scale (FFS) were conducted.
    Results
    Comparison of results indicated that pre- and post intervention led to significant improvements on the balance score (p= 0. 001), 10m walk time (p= 0. 001), walking endurance (p= 0. 007), and FFS (p= 0. 04) in the PhTT group. In contrast, insignificant changes were observed for Ph group in the balance score, 10m timed walk and fatigue, while there was a significant decrease in the 2min distance walk (p=0. 015) in this group.
    Conclusion
    These results suggest that accompanied treadmill training with pharmacological treatment improved balance and walking capacity and level of fatigue in people with mild to moderate MS.
    Keywords: multiple sclerosis, pharmacology, treadmill training, fatigue, ambulatory function
  • Dr Mohammad Rahimi, Dr Firooz Sadighi, Samineh Razeghi Pages 11-20
    In this work, it has been tried to determine the level of language skills of children with cochlear implant (CI) in comparison with normal hearing (NH) age mates. Test of Language Development was administered to 30 prelingual, severe-to-profound CI children between the ages of 5 to 8. The obtained scores were compared to a Persian database from scores of normally hearing children with the same age range. Results indicated that in spite of great advancements after the gain of hearing, CI children still lag behind their hearing age mates in all aspects of language.
    Keywords: Cochlear Implant, Language Development, Phonological Skills, Semantic Skill, Syntactic Skill
  • Dr. Mohammad Reza Khodaei Ardakani, Dr. Arash Mirabzadeh, Dr. Hashem Shemshadi, Dr. Zabihollah Ashtari, Maryam Ranjbar, Dr. Golnaz Feizzadeh, Dr. Mercedeh Samiei, Alireza Khodaei Ardakani Pages 20-30
    Background and Objectives
    Psychotropic drugs use in the elderly with chronic schizophrenia is considered as an important issue in the field of psychiatry. The main goal of this study was to clarify the pattern of such drug use in these patients, in order to deem such therapy plan and focus on its cost attributing measures, for a more reasonable quality of care program. Methods &Materials: The study sample included 52 elderly resided at the Tehran`s Razi Mental Hospital who had chronic (more than six months) schizophrenia in the residual phase. Selected patients were taking at least two psychotropic drugs equivalent to 500 mg Chlorpromazine. We prepared the list of their drug use by obtaining their responses to our pre designed questionnaire charts. Data were collected and analyzed by SPSS version 17.
    Results
    In one case (1.92%), there was used for entries (Risperidone+Chlorpromazine+Fluphenazine Decanoate+Thiothixene). In 11 cases (21.2%) three entries and in 40 cases (76.8%), two entries of the psychotropic drugs were used. Chlorpromazine equivalent dose in each group ranged from the lowest dose (750 /mg) to the highest of (5600 /mg). The highest Chlorpromazine dose (5600) equivalent per milligram belonged to the four entries of(Risperidone+Chlorpromazine+Fluphenazine Decanoate and Thiothixene). The lowest Chlorpromazine dose (750/mg), was resulted in 3 entries of (Risperidone+Chlorpromazine and Fluphenazine Decanoate).
    Conclusions
    At the end of the study, we found a high prevalence of using more than two psychotropic medications from the first atypical antipsychotic category. We also found, less frequent usage of the second and the third typical antipsychotic. We recommend more research to be applied for more feasible patterns of psychotropic prescriptions, with considerations of lowering the amount of medication use and deem their cost-benefits issues in elderly with chronic schizophrenia. Keywords: psychotropic drugs, chronic schizophrenia, elderly, monotherapy, polypharmacy
    Keywords: psychotropic drugs, chronic schizophrenia, elderly, monotherapy, polypharmacy
  • Prof. Reza Nilipour *, Tahereh Sima Shirazi, Narges Afshordi, Prof. Christina Kauschke Page 28
    Objectives
    Nouns and verbs are the central conceptual linguistic units of language acquisition in all human languages. While the noun-bias hypothesis claims that nouns have a privilege in children’s lexical development across languages, studies on Mandarin and Korean and other languages have challenged this view. More recent cross-linguistic naming studies on children in German, Turkish, English and Korean demonstrate that all languages, including Korean show a noun advantage; however the degree of this discrepancy differs between languages. The aim of this study is to look at object and action naming in normal Persian children as a measure of conceptual development in preschool children and its possible use for screening and therapeutic procedures.
    Methods
    The current study investigates the noun bias and processing dissociation of object and action naming in 64 three to six year old healthy monolingual Persian-speaking children. A black and white picture naming task, consisting of 36 nouns (natural and man-made), and 36 verbs (transitive and intransitive) was designed using DMDX software to measure response accuracy and reaction time of the subjects.
    Results
    The results indicate a significant noun advantage with regard to accuracy and naming latencies. The results also reveal that transitive verbs are named more accurately than intransitive ones in Persian-speaking children. Also the data indicate that naming accuracy of nouns and verbs improved with age (p=0.000).
    Conclusion
    Based on the results it is recommended that a standardized Persian object and action naming battery norms would have the potential of screening lexical development delay and possible noun-verb performance gap in preschool children.
    Keywords: object naming, action naming, noun, bias, naming accuracy, reaction time
  • Zahra Sarlak, Prof. Asghar Dadkhah *, Dr. Ali Kashi, Dr. Mahmood Sheikh Page 35
    Objective
    The aim of the study was to determine the effect of a selected exercise training on reducing symptoms of dementia caused by Alzheimer''s disease in people with Down syndrome.
    Methods
    27 men with Down syndrome were randomized to intervention (n=13) and control (n=13) group. All persons in experimental group followed 12 weeks selected exercise training, three times a week. Prior to the start of the study, and after three-month training, each member in both groups was assessed according to the DSQIID questionnaire filled by caregivers of these peoples.
    Results
    The results indicated that the first questionnaire subscales that assess memory disorders and confusion in the experimental group between pre and post test showed a significant decrease (P = 0.028). Also in third part of questionnaire that asked about the individual skills, social withdrawal, physical symptoms and speech abnormalities, the variable scores in post test of experimental group were significantly lower than pre-test scores (P=0.047).
    Discussion
    These result showed that the combination of selected exercises training could cause a significant reduction in the incidence of initial dementia symptoms and can be an important step to prevent of the dementia in these people.
    Keywords: Selected Exercise training, Dementia, Down syndrome
  • Masoume PourMohammadrezatajrishi, Mohammad Alipour *, Soraya Chapari, Ilkhchi Page 46
    Objectives

    When talking about education, teacher and teaching methods are considered as most important of all the other related factors. The aim of present study was to determine the effectiveness of conceptual map training method on the achievement of social-economic skill course in male students with intellectual disability.

    Methods

    in this semi-experimental study, 34 male students with intellectual disability who were educating in 3rd grade at pre-professional level in high school selected randomly from Talash Exceptional Center in Tabriz City. Their academic achievement in social-economic skill course were assessed by teacher-made and performance tests. Subjects were assigned in control and experimental groups randomly and equally. Experimental group participated in 8 sessions and were trained by conceptual map method for one month (8 sessions; 2 sessions weekly). At the end of eightieth session and one month later, subjects answered to teacher-made and performance tests again. Data were analyzed by analysis of covariance.

    Results

    findings showed that the conceptual map training method had positive effect on achievement of social-economic skill in students (p<0.01). But, its effectiveness wasn’t persistent after one month in follow-up test.

    Conclusion

    Regarding to positive effects of conceptual map training method on meaningful learning, it seems as an effective method for intellectually disabled male students who require deep learning to understand the content of their lessons.

    Keywords: Conceptual Map, Meaningful Learning, Social, Economic Skill, Intellectual Disability
  • Aida Dehkhoda, Bahman Bahmani *, Asghar Dadkhah, Maedeh Naghiyaee, Fahimeh Limohamadi, Kourosh Goudarzipour Page 53
    Objective
    Some mothers whom their children have cancer, suffer from reactive depression and confront with existential crises, and benefit from their image of God to cope with it. The purpose of this study is to designation the effectiveness of spiritual oriented cognitive therapy on reducing depression symptoms in mothers of children with cancer.
    Method
    A single case experimental design, an A-B form, was used in this study. Our study comprised of three mothers of all mothers who were admitted to pediatric section of Mofid Pediatric Hospital, whom their under 12-year-old children: suffer from all kind of cancer except brain tumor, cancer has not metastasized to other parts of their body, mothers themselves have not have any history of psychiatric illness prior to their child’s illness, and their depression’s degree was from moderate to high at the time of screening. The study participants were selected through purposeful sampling method. These mothers were subjected to Spiritual oriented cognitive therapy for 10 individual sessions consisting of 90 minutes per week. The depression degree and the process of changes were measured by Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II).
    Results
    The comparison of process diagram of mothers’ scores through 8 times of completing the inventory (three baselines, three measuring and two follow-ups) and calculating the percent of recovery shows a decrease in depression scores.
    Discussion
    It seems that spiritual oriented cognitive therapy could promote spiritual experience and decline depression in cognitive and existential context. Keywords: depression, spiritual oriented cognitive therapy, spirituality, cancer, children, mothers, existential anxiety
    Keywords: depression, spiritual oriented cognitive therapy, spirituality, cancer, children, mother, existential anxiety
  • Hamed Shahidian *, Prof. Ahmad Rza Arshi, Prof. Farhad Tabatabai Ghomshe Page 59
    Objectives
    The GALS (Gait, Arms, Legs and Spine), examination is a compact version of standard procedures used by rheumatologists to determine musculo-skeletal disorders in patients. Computerization of such a clinical procedure is necessary to ensure an objective evaluation. This article presents the first steps in such an approach by outlining a procedure to use motion analysis techniques as a new method for GALS examination.
    Method
    A 3D motion pattern is obtained from two subject groups using a six camera motion analysis system. The range of motion associated with GALS test is consequently determined using a MATLAB program.
    Results
    The ROMs for the two subject groups are determined and the validity of the approach is outlined and the symmetry of movement on both sides of the body could is quantified through introduction of dependency coefficient.
    Conclusion
    Analysis of GALS examination and diagnosis of musculo-skeletal problems could be addressed more accurate and reliable by adopting motion analysis technique. Further, introduction of dependency coefficient offers a wide spectrum of prospective applications in neuro-muscular studies.
    Keywords: Motion analysis, GALS examination, Musculo, Skeletal disorders, Dependency Coefficient
  • Maryam Khaniyan, Dr. Mahshid Foroughan *, Mohammad Ali Hosseini, Akbar Biglarian Page 68
    Objectives
    The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between emotional intelligence and occupational stress in the rehabilitation staffs of training hospitals of Tehran.
    Methods
    This was a cross- sectional study which had been implemented on a sample of 169 selected from the total of 300 rehabilitation staffs working in the training hospital of Tehran and recruited by random cluster sampling in the study. Two Questionnaires were used: The Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire designed by Petrides and Furnham and HSE occupational Stress Questionnaire. Data obtained from this study were analyzed using Pearson correlation and multiple regression tests.
    Results
    The results showed that there is an inverse significant relationship between occupational stress and emotional intelligence (P< 0.001, r = - 0.33). There are, also, significant relationships between subscales of emotional intelligence including self-awareness (P= 0.031, r = - 0.18), social skills (P< 0.001, r = - 0.302), understanding other’s emotions (P= 0.006, r = - 0.238) and occupational stress. The results of multiple regressions indicated that the two subscales of understanding other’s emotions and social skills can be used for predicting occupational stress.
    Conclusion
    This study confirmed relationship between emotional intelligence and occupational stress. Promotion of emotional intelligence through implementing training courses may lower rehabilitation staffs occupational stress or prevent it.
    Keywords: Emotional Intelligence, Occupational Stress, Rehabilitation Staff
  • Fatemeh Ahadi, Mojtaba Rajabpour, Ahmad Ghadamgahi, Maghsoud Pouryousef Kaljahi, Seyed Mosa Tabatabaee Page 75
    Background
    Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a disease of the central nervous system that results in many symptoms including mobility limitation, fatigue, cognitive dysfunction and redacted quality of life.
    Objectives
    The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of 8-weeks aerobic and yoga training on depression, anxiety and quality of life in individuals with MS.
    Methods
    31 women with MS (mean of age of 35.16 years) with Expanded Disability Status Scale scores 1.0 to 4.0, were randomly assigned to one of three groups lasting 8 weeks: treadmill training, yoga or a waiting-list control group. Treadmill training consisted of 8 weeks (24 sessions) of treadmill training (30 minutes), at 40 - 75% of age-predicted maximum heart rate. Yoga group subjects participated in a thrice weekly 60-70 minute sessions of Hatha yoga intervention for 8 weeks. The control group followed their own routine treatment program. Depression, anxiety and quality of life were measured by Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and Multiple Sclerosis Quality of Life–54 questionnaire (MSQOL-54) respectively.
    Results
    Comparison of results indicated that pre- and post-intervention produced significant improvements on BDI score, BAI score and some MSQOL-54 scale scores in the treadmill training group and yoga group. The analysis showed difference between treadmill training group and yoga group for BAI score and MSQOL-54 scale scores.
    Conclusion
    These results suggest that treadmill training and yoga practice improved depression, anxiety and quality of life in people with mild to moderate MS
    Keywords: multiple sclerosis, depression, anxiety, quality of life, treadmill training, yoga
  • Dr. Ahmad Ali Akbari Kamrani, Dr. Hashem Shemshadi *, Dr. Mahyar Ghafoori Page 81
    The main goal of this report was to share with clinicians an atypical presentation of pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) in a young male`s post-appendectomy, whom he had no significant predisposing factors for such disease. The case also introduced for re-examining the challenges of PTE clinical manifestations which may mimic other differential diagnosis. PTE is an abrupt blockage of the pulmonary artery by a thrombus. Such thrombus is generated by a blood clot which has been formed, separated and migrated from the leg and/or pelvic veins toward the lung.The lung tissue`s circulation is impaired which later episode results hypoxia and infarction. These events initiate a set of PTE clinical manifestations.
    Keywords: post, appendectomy, surgical complication, deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary thromboembolism, immobilization
  • Mohammadali Hosseini, Patricia Mary Davidson, Masoud Fallahi Khoshknab, Anna Green Page 87
    Objective
    To describe research on spiritual and religious interventions in Iran.
    Methods
    An integrative review was conducted to determine the state of the science in Iran. Iranmedex, Scientific Information Database, Irandoc, Noormags, Magiran and Google scholar were searched to find articles published in peer-reviewed journals from August 2002 to August 2012. A qualitative approach utilizing content analysis was used in the review.
    Results
    Overall, 21 articles on spiritual and religious interventions in Iran''s health care system which met the search criteria were included from 800,000 records in 438 journals. The review shows that there are at least four overarching themes of spiritual and religious interventions: spiritual and religious behaviours, spiritual care as part of a holistic caring approach, spiritual/religious therapy as an effective healing technique, and patients’ spiritual needs. These themes are linked and interrelated. The main concern for caregivers was “hanging on to spirituality” in spite of the eroding effects on spiritual beliefs caused by different factors in the health care system.
    Conclusion
    Spirituality plays an important role in the way people live and die. The majority of the research on spiritual and religious interventions in Iran''s health care system focuses on patients'' need to spiritual care and health professionals'' spiritual approach, as well as factors that influence their spirituality. More research is needed on the factors that influence patients’ spiritual needs, the spirituality of health care providers, and interventions to engender spiritual and religious interventions in the health care system.
    Keywords: spiritual care, religious intervention, Iran health system, integrative review
  • Dr. Nikhil Choudhary *, Awadh Kishor Page 94
    Objectives
    To check and compare the effectiveness of modified agility and perturbation training over conventional physical therapy in patients with knee osteoarthritis.
    Methods
    Subjects were screened on the basis of inclusion and exclusion criteria & a total of 50 subjects were recruited for the study. They were randomly divided into Group A & group B with n= 25 each.
    Results
    Group receiving conventional knee exercises with modified agility & perturbation training showed statistically significant results. DISCUSSION It was found that supplementing rehabilitation programs for people with knee OA with a modified agility and perturbation training program assist them in returning to higher levels of physical activity with less pain and instability following rehabilitation.
    Keywords: Osteoarthritis knee, Modified agility, perturbation training, proprioception, strengthening exercises
  • Susan Afghah *, Morteza Gholi Noorikhajavi, Jafar Babapour Page 97
    Objective
    To report a case of the somatoform disorder (not otherwise specified - NOS). The case responded well to behavioral therapy program and antidepressant medication.
    Methods
    The patient was an eight-year-old boy who complained of anxiety and seeing visual hallucinations of colorful shapes. He underwent antimigraine and antiepileptic drugs; however no changes were observed. Psychotherapy as started, as well as fluoxetine (20 mg per day). Initial assessments included a behavioral interview, charting of daily activities, and recording visual hallucinations with a description of patient''s emotional and situational status during the hallucinations.
    Results
    The patient’s visual hallucinations disappeared completely after two months of treatment.
    Conclusion
    Although proper diagnosis was difficult, this case responded well to certain components of behavioral therapy in combination with antidepressant medication.
    Keywords: Elementary visual hallucinations, Migraine aura, Occipital seizures, Somatoform disorders, Psychoeducational therapy