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Health Education and Health Promotion - Volume:4 Issue: 2, Spring 2016

Health Education and Health Promotion
Volume:4 Issue: 2, Spring 2016

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1395/12/25
  • تعداد عناوین: 7
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  • Mohammad Hossein Delshad, Sedigheh Sadat Tavafian, Anoshirvan Kazemnejad Pages 1-3
  • Karim Bakhshian, Rahman Panahi, Alireza Hidarnia Pages 5-14
    Aim: The most important factor underlying the mortality of patients with diabetes is the lack of self-care. This study aimed to determine the effect of education via mobile text messaging on the self-care of patients with type 2 diabetes.
    Methods
    This semi-experimental controlled study was carried out on 74 patients with diabetes in Chabahar, Iran. They were selected using convenience sampling in the health care centers, and were randomized into two control and intervention groups of 37 subjects each. The tools to collect data were questionnaires containing demographic profiles and self-care questionnaire. For each group, the questionnaires were completed, and educational SMS (short message service) was sent to the intervention group for four weeks. The post-test questionnaire was completed by both groups two months after educational intervention. Data were analyzed using SPSS16 and appropriate statistical tests.
    Findings: Before the intervention, the mean scores of all self-care dimensions between the two groups did not differ significantly but after that, the mean of total scores of self-care and some of its dimensions (adherence to diet, blood glucose self-monitoring and foot care) were positive, and significantly increased in the intervention group versus the control group regularly after intervention were not different significantly between the two groups (P>0.05).
    Conclusion
    Considering the effectiveness of sending SMS educational method (SSEM) in improving the self-care of patients, it is necessary to further consider and use this method.
    Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, Self-care, Cellphone, Text messaging
  • Reza Jorvand, Omid Gholami, Fatemeh Khirolahi, Hojat Hasani, Kobra Momeni, Morteza Mansourian Pages 15-23
    Aim: Oral health is among the important components of individual general health that affects the health of entire body. This study aims at investigating the effect of educational intervention on the primary school student's oral health.
    Methods
    This quasi-experimental study was conducted on 175 primary school students recruited randomly from different regions of Dehloran City during the school year of 2014-15. The testimonial was obtained after holding briefings for the parents. Data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire, which was administrated at baseline and 3 months after the intervention. The content validity was approved by the expert panel and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Data were analyzed by SPSS software 18, inferential statistical tests, and paired t-test. This study was supported by the HSR Council and the Ethics Committee of Ilam University of Medical Sciences.
    Findings: The results indicated significant changes in the sample's knowledge (from 3.6±1.37 to 4.98± 1.57), attitude (from 28.17±5.7 to 30.98±6.35) and behavior (15.03 ±2.98 to 17.08 ±2.60) after the intervention.
    Conclusion
    The positive results of educational intervention indicate that the education through appropriate methods can improve student's behavior in the field of oral health. Therefore, it is suggested more emphasis on oral health education at school age.
    Keywords: Educational intervention, Dental hygiene, Students
  • Reza Jorvand, Aghdas Valizadeh, Bagher Karami, Freshteh Shahvali, Fatemeh Valizadeh Pages 25-34
    Aim: This study was conducted to evaluate the impact of healthy nutrition education on the body mass index (BMI) of health volunteers in Ilam Province, Iran.
    Methods
    In this quasi-experimental study, two cities of Ilam Province were randomly selected and their active health volunteers (n = 70) were randomly placed in two groups of experimental and control after providing written informed consent. Data were collected by using the valid (by a panel of experts) and reliable (by Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.92) questionnaire (developed by the researcher) and standard equipment and methods at two stages: before and six months after the intervention. The experimental group participated in a one-day training workshop with an emphasis on increasing the knowledge of participants in the field of obesity and its problems. Data were analyzed using SPSS19 and the statistical tests, Chi-square test and T-test.
    Findings: The mean of BMI in the experimental group decreased significantly by 2.4 after intervention and reached to 25.1 ± 1.8, but there was no decrease in BMI mean in the control group. In the experimental group, the relationship between age and education level and weight loss was not significant, but the relationship between weight loss and having a BMI above 25 was significant.
    Conclusion
    Weight loss in the experimental group compared to the control group suggests the impact of the intervention of the education; however, its difference between the existed weight loss standards imply that the education for nutrition just for modifying BMI was not enough.
    Keywords: Health education, Healthy nutrition, Body Mass Index (BMI), Health volunteers
  • Sajjad Rashid, Ahmadreza Kiani, Kazem Khorramdel, Forud Gholami, Laleh Senobar Pages 35-48
    Aim: This research has tried to study the relationship of loneliness, perceived social support, thwarted belongingness and burdensomeness with suicide among Iranian university students.
    Methods
    The participants of the study included a pool of 315 Iranian university students who were randomly chosen from the students studying in 2015-2016. The study design was correlational and cross-sectional. Data were collected through using four instruments: Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire (INQ), Suicidal Behavior Questionnaire-Revised (SBQ-R), Revised UCLA Loneliness Scale (UCLA), and Perceived Social Support Questionnaire (PSSQ). In order to analyze the data, Pearson's correlation and step-wise regression were conducted.
    Findings: The findings revealed that while the males scored higher in both factors of thwarted belongingness and burdensomeness, the females possessed greater amount of loneliness and higher rate of perceived social support as compared to their male counterparts. Moreover, although no significant difference was found between marital status and suicide, single people showed more burdensomeness whereas married people felt higher amount of loneliness as well as higher perceived social support.
    Conclusion
    Finally, based on the results, we can conclude that interpersonal psychological theory of suicide is moderately helpful in predicting and explaining suicidal behaviors in students.
    Keywords: Loneliness, Perceived social support, Thwarted belongingness, Burdensomeness, Interpersonal psychological theory
  • Farideh Saeedi, Rahman Panahi, Fereshte Osmani Pages 49-59
    Aim: Currently, the issue of adolescents’ health literacy is particularly important because it is an essential component in improving their quality of life. Due to the lack of enormous studies on this issue, this study aimed to determine the level of health literacy and factors influencing it among high school students in Tehran, Iran.
    Methods
    This research is a cross-sectional and descriptive-analytic study, which was conducted on 400 male and female students studying in the second period of high school, who were selected using multi-stage random sampling. Data were collected through a questionnaire, which included personal characteristics, and the questionnaire of HELMA (Health Literacy Measure for Adolescents). The obtained data were analyzed using SPSS 20 and descriptive statistics as well as t-test and ANOVA tests.
    Findings: The mean age of students was 17.01±0.87 years. 50% (n=200) of the participants were female, 50.5% (n=202) were from the North part of Tehran, and 34.5% (n=138) were in the third grade. 37.5% (n=150) had inadequate health literacy, 37% (n=148) relatively adequate health literacy, 22.5% (n=90) adequate health literacy, and 3% (n=12) excellent health literacy. Health literacy was correlated significantly with the level of education, parents’ education, source of information, the assessment of health status and interest in the issues of health (p
    Conclusion
    The results indicated that most of the students had limited health literacy. Due to the role of health literacy in promoting the adolescence quality of life, it is necessary to pay more attention to promote health literacy and gain sufficient skills in order to make health information be practical and working.
    Keywords: Health literacy, Students, HELMA, Tehran
  • Siavash Talepasand, Somaeih Haddadi, Ali Taghinezhad Pages 61-72
    Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the rate of satisfaction and happiness of citizens with parks and urban green space.
    Methods
    This is a survey study. Six parks were randomly selected among 18 Mashhad large parks. Participants were 360 clients, who were selected by stratified random sampling method. All individuals completed the questionnaires of the satisfaction with park and Oxford happiness version of the park. Data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA).
    Findings: The results showed that the level of satisfaction with welfare installations and buildings, green space design, sport facilities, security, furnishings of park, parking and the feeling of happiness is a function of the park type. In addition, the level of satisfaction with green space design is a function of gender.
    Conclusion
    Satisfaction and happiness as components of health are related with the design of the parks and green space.
    Keywords: park, Green space, Satisfaction, Happiness