مجله دانشگاه علوم پزشکی رفسنجان
سال هفدهم شماره 12 (پیاپی 119، اسفند 1397)

Shoulder impingement syndrome is one of the important causes of shoulder pain, which affects the shoulder joint proprioception. Closed kinetic chain exercises are more useful and safer than opened kinetic chain exercises. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of total body resistance exercise (TRX) on the shoulder joint proprioception of athletes with overhead movements with impingement syndrome. This research is a randomized clinical trial. 22 athletes with overhead movements with shoulder impingement syndrome in Kerman (2017) were selected and randomly assigned to two groups: TRX and control. The exercises were performed for 8 weeks, three days a week and 60 minutes each session. Proprioception sense was evaluated by Leighton’s flexometer in four movements of external rotation, internal rotation, abduction, and flexion of the arm. Independent t-test was used to analyze the data. The results showed that there was no significant difference between the control and TRX groups in the pre-test of external rotation, internal rotation, abduction, and flexion angles (p<0.05) but in post-test, there was a significant difference in all target angles of external rotation (p<0.001), internal rotation (p<0.001), abduction (p<0.001), and flexion (p=0.015). According to the results, 8 weeks of TRX exercises had an effect on the condition of shoulder joint in athletes with overhead movements with shoulder impingement syndrome. It seems that it can be used as an appropriate training method in athletes with shoulder impingement syndrome.

Paying attention to the comfort of the patient during hospitalization is very important. Noise pollution can exacerbate a person's illness. Additionally, if the noise pollution exceeds the threshold limit, it will have negative effects on the staff and appropriate services. The aim of this study was to identify the sources and the level of noise pollution in the emergency and emergency care units and outside areas of educational hospitals at the 1st district of Tehran, in the winter of 2017. In this descriptive study, measurement of noise pressure level in emergency department, emergency care units and outdoors in four hospitals in working days and holidays was carried out at three times in the morning, noon and evening by the TES-1358 sound analyzer device. Data was analyzed using one-way ANOVA. According to the results, the average and standard deviation of noise level in different sections of the hospitals on Saturday and Friday were respectively 62.79±7.32 and 57.98±6.43 dB during the morning shift, 66.15±8.09 and 65.16±7.82 dB during afternoon shift, 64.26±6.69 and 63.19±5.42 dB during the evening shift. There was no significant difference between the sound pressure levels on Friday and Saturday, among the rounds of measurements (morning, afternoon and evening) and among sections (the emergency department and the emergency care unit)(p>0.05). The results of the study showed that the rate of noise pollution in some parts of educational hospitals is higher than national and international standards. The necessary actions are recommended to be taken in order to decrease the noise and its causative factors for creating a more quiet environment for patients.

High intensity interval trainings (HIIT) are effective in the physiological cardiac hypertrophy and in reducing the complications of diabetic cardiomyopathy. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the effects of 12 weeks high intensity interval training on the expression of AKT1(Protein Kinase B) and mTORc1)mammalian target of rapamycin( genes in the left ventricle of type 2 diabetic rats. In this experimental study, 21 male Wistar rats weighting 220±20 gr were randomly divided into three groups including diabetic-HIIT, diabetic control, and healthy control group. The diabetic HIIT group have been participated in 5 sessions (30 minutes per week) in the form of running on a treadmill with repetitions of 1 minute and 2 minutes active rest between each repetition for 12 weeks. All rats were sacrificed 48 hours after the last training session. To compare relative expression of AKT1 and mTORc1 genes, independent t-test was used at a significant level of p≤0.05. Comparing the groups showed a significant decrease in the expression of Akt1 (p=0.007( and mTORc1(p=0.022) genes in the diabetic control group compared to the healthy group. The training also significantly increased the expression of Akt1 (p=0.003) (up to 72%) and mTORc1 genes (p=0.001) compared to the diabetic control group. It seems that HIIT increases the gene expression of Akt1 and mTORc1 which can improve cardiac function and may probably prevent clinical symptom of heart disease resulted from diabetes.

Family can affect children's self-esteem and mental health in different ways. the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between perceived parental violence and religion and self-esteem in high school adolescent girls in Tehran in 2017. In this descriptive study, the sample included 350 girls selected by multi-stage random sampling from Tehran high schools. The research plan was correlation. Research instruments were self-esteem questionnaire, social violence questionnaire, and religiosity questionnaire. Pearson’s correlation and multiple linear regressions were used for data analysis. The results showed that there was a negative correlation between perceived parental violence and self-esteem in adolescent girls (p=0.001) and there was a positive correlation between perceived parental religiosity (religious emotions and commitment to religious duties) and the objects’ self-esteem (p=0.025). Also the results of stepwise regression showed that the effect of parental perceived violence on self-esteem in adolescent girls was just significant (p=0.001). Perceived parental violence and religiosity seem to be associated with the self-esteem of adolescent girls. Therefore, it is recommended that counselors take care of these components in order to increase self-esteem of adolescents.

Since orexin regulates food intake and energy expenditure, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of endurance and resistance training on serum levels of orexin A, lipid profiles and dietary intake of healthy rats. In this experimental study, 32 healthy Wistar rats (8 weeks old) with a weight range of 265±22 were randomly divided into three groups (control, endurance training and resistance training). The exercise groups performed regular endurance and resistance training for 8 weeks. 24 hours after the last session of blood serum test, rats were collected to study serum levels of orexin A and lipid profiles. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc test. The endurance training (p=0.04) and resistance training (p=0.011) significantly decreased serum levels of orexin A compared to the control group. Endurance training (p=‏0.012) and resistance training (p=0.023) significantly decreased insulin resistance index compared to control group. Also, a significant decrease in serum triglyceride (p=0.001) and LDL (p=0.002) in the endurance training group and a significant decrease in serum triglyceride levels (p=0.017) and a significant increase in HDL (p=0.011) in the resistance training group compared to the control group. The mean of consumed food in the endurance training group (p=0.03) and resistance training group (p‏=‏0.18) decreased significantly compared to the control group. It seems that endurance and resistance training reduces serum levels of orexin A, which results in a decrease in food intake, lipid profiles and insulin resistance index.

Immunology is the science of prevention of entry and encounter with internal and external antigenes, with the aim of preserving the body's natural homeostasis. Due to the importance of immunology in prevention and treatment of diseases and concerning the multiplicity of published journals in this field, this study was performed to introduce the most prestigious specialized immunology journals for the first time for Persian language readers. This descriptive study was conducted in 2018 at Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences. The list of immunology journals was extracted from the SCImago Journal & Country Rank (SJR) and Journal Citation Reports (JCR) WebSites. For this purpose, in the "Subject Area" of the SJR website “Immunology and Microbiology” words and in the "Subject Category" “Immunology” word and in the "Select Categories" of JCR website “Immunology” word were searched. The Journals’ list extracted from SJR and JCR contained 209 and 155 Immunology journals, respectively. Considering the high number of specialized journals in immunology, the journals containing the term of “immunology” in title were studied. The investigated information of the journals included journal’s name, country of presentation, publisher, subject of coverage, the most important indexes of the journal, date of publication of the journal, hirsch index, duration of publishing, and impact factor in 2018. According to the entry of clinical basic field in immunology, a lot of journals published in this science and consequently, immunology journals are categorized in two clinical and basic groups. Despite the high number of immunology journals, most journals tend to publish research and specialized articles.

Toxocariasis is a parasitic disease which is caused by larvae of Toxocara canis in human. The aim of this study was to determine the contamination of public parks in Zanjan with Toxocara spp. eggs in 2018. In the present cross-sectional study, 90 soil samples were taken from 18 public parks in Zanjan city. The samples were tested by the Clayton–lane method and examined by the microscopic examination. The results of this study showed that 14 parks (77.77 percent) were contaminated with Toxocara spp. and contamination of Toxocara eggs in the park pathways and setting grounds of parks was higher than the other sites As the soil of public parks are highly contaminated with Toxocara spp. eggs in Zanjan city, conducting prevention measures by health authorities seems necessary.