فهرست مطالب

Hepatitis - Volume:17 Issue: 11, Nov 2017

Hepatitis Monthly
Volume:17 Issue: 11, Nov 2017

  • تاریخ انتشار: 1396/09/21
  • تعداد عناوین: 7
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  • Seyed Moayed Alavian*, Heidar Sharafi Page 1
  • Mohammadreza Mirshamsi, Amir Vazirizadeh, Ramesh Omranipour, Amir Fakhri, Marjan Aghvami, Parvaneh Naserzadeh, Fatemeh Zangeneh, Jalal Pourahmad * Page 2
    Background

    Globally, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the 3rd leading reason for mortality associated with cancer and the 6th most widespread malignant tumor.

    Objectives

    This study aims to investigate selective toxicity of venom fractions of Pseudosynanceia melanostigma, commonly known as stonefish, on hepatocytes and mitochondria obtained from diethylnitrosamine (DEN) induced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

    Methods

    Different dilutions of extracted fractions from crude stonefish venom were treated on hepatocytes and mitochondria isolated from a rat model of hepatocellular carcinoma induced by diethylnitrosamine (DEN). In response to stonefish venom fractions, mitochondrial related parameters including generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) collapse, mitochondrial swelling, cytochrome c release, activation of caspase 3, and induction of apoptosis were investigated.

    Results

    Our results demonstrate that for the first time, fraction 3 of Pseudosynanceia melanostigma treatment on cancerous mitochondria had a significant accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In addition, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) disruption, mitochondrial swelling, and cytochrome c release increased. Moreover, fraction 3 induced selective toxicity only in cancerous hepatocytes from the HCC but not those from healthy cells. Additional research also determined a significant increase in activation of caspase 3 and induction of apoptosis.

    Conclusions

    In conclusion, this study provides evidence that fraction 3 of Pseudosynanceia melanostigma venom selectively induces apoptosis in cancerous hepatocytes from HCC through a ROS-mediated mitochondrial pathway.

    Keywords: Stonefish Venom, Gel Filtration, Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Apoptosis, Pseudosynanceia melanostigma
  • Sahar Janfeshan, Ramin Yaghobi*, Akram Eidi, Mohammad Hossein Karimi, Bita Geramizadeh, Seyed Ali Malekhosseini, Farshid Kafilzadeh Page 3
    Background

    Interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) as immunoregulatory molecules have a determinative antiviral role in liver transplantation outcomes and graft rejection. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and its antigen derivatives also choose some strategies to escape from innate immune responses.

    Objectives

    The current study aimed at evaluating inflammatory cross-talks between pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) signaling components such as IRF3 and IRF7 with HBV infection in mRNA levels in patients undergoing liver transplantation.

    Methods

    The 46 HBV infected liver recipients were divided into rejection experienced (20) and not experienced (26) groups and a healthy control group was also considered. Peripheral mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated form each studied patient on the days 1, 4, and 7 in post-transplant period. After RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis from each collected sample, the expression levels of IRF3 and IRF7 genes were evaluated using in-house SYBER Green based the real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) protocols.

    Results

    The overexpression of mRNA levels of IRF3 (3.37 folds) and IRF7 (1.74 folds) on the day 1 were found in patients experiencing rejection, compared with non-rejected ones, based on initial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injuries. But, the mRNA levels of IRF3 (0.53 folds) and IRF7 (0.74 folds) on the day 4 were downregulated in patients with rejected transplantation, compared with non-rejected ones. Finally, reducing the expression of IRF3 (0.54 fold) on the day 7 and upregulation of IRF7 (2.38 fold) on the day 7 were found in rejected liver recipients, compared with non-rejected ones in post-transplant period.

    Conclusions

    Downregulation of IRF3 expression in patients with HBV infection, who experienced rejection episodes in the first week post-liver transplantation indicated that they may be at higher risk for acute rejection; the hypothesis, which should be investigated in further studies.

    Keywords: Hepatitis B Virus, Liver Transplantation, IRF3, IRF7
  • Behrooz Kalidari, Mohsen Mahmoudieh, Hamid Melali, Mehdi Nazari Moghadam, Mohsen Kolahdouzan * Page 4
    Background And Objectives

    Obesity is one of the most health-threatening phenomena. It is estimated that over 1 billion adults have overweight or obesity. The current study aimed at presenting a detailed account of the findings that attempted to predict the severity of fatty liver disease and its sequelae, including non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), fibrosis, and cirrhosis, by correlating biopsy results with liver function tests and various metabolic markers of laboratory results in patients with morbid obesity.

    Methods

    A total of 111 subjects participated in the study. The collected data included pathology study of liver biopsy, fasting blood glucose (FBS), liver function test (LFT), and lipid profile.

    Results

    The correlation between fibrosis and steatosis was 0.493 (P = 0.001, 95% confidence interval (CI) and correlation between fibrosis and NASH grade was 0.531 (P = 0.001, 95%CI). There was a significant relationship between aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and triglyceride (TG) with steatosis intensity and a significant positive relationship between AST, cholesterol, and FBS with NASH intensity.

    Conclusions

    Levels of serum AST and TG showed significant relationship with steatosis and fibrosis intensities; AST, FBS, and cholesterol had a significant correlation with NASH intensity. Cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels had an inverse monotonic relationship with fibrosis intensity.

    Keywords: Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, Steatosis, Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis, Bariatric Surgery, Morbid Obesity
  • Seyed Ali Malek Hosseini, Saman Nikeghbalian, Heshamtollah Salahi, Koroush Kazemi, Alireza Shemsaeifar, Ali Bahador, Mohsen Dehghani, Mohammad Hadi Imanieh, Reza Tabrizi, Kamran B. Lankarani* Page 5
    Background

    Liver transplantation (LT) is the only approved treatment for patients with end stage liver disease (ESLD). Shiraz organ transplantation center (SOTC) was the first center in Iran to provide LT. This report is on the evolution of LT program in this center.

    Methods

    We report the clinical features and outcomes of all those who received LT between May 15, 1993 to December 31, 2015 as well as donor features. All LT were performed at Namazi hospital in Shiraz, Iran. The Kaplan-Meier and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were performed to determine prognostic factors and the overall long-term survival after liver transplantations.

    Results

    During this period, 3191 recipient patients received LT from 3110 donors. Overall patient survival rates were 84% at 1 year, 80% at 5 years, and 73% at 10 years. The survival rates for recipients from living donors were 74.0% at 1 year and 70.0% at 5 years compared to 86.0% at 1 and 81.0% at 5 years for recipients from deceased donors (P

    Conclusions

    LT is now an affordable treatment for patients with ESLD in Iran with acceptable survival, which has further been improved in recent years.

    Keywords: Liver Transplantation, Iran, Cirrhosis, End Stage Liver Disease, Organ Donation, Fattwa
  • Jack Peter *, Andreas Stallmach, Andrea Tannapfel, Tony Bruns Page 6

    Hepatitis E virus infection (HEV) is the most common cause of acute viral hepatitis in the world. Genotypes 1 and 2 are responsible for large outbreaks and sporadic cases in the developing countries, whereas genotypes 3 and 4 are zoonotic infections and cause sporadic autochthonous disease with usually mild course in the immunocompetent host without preexisting liver damage. Acute pancreatitis is acknowledged as an extrahepatic complication of acute viral hepatitis, most often related to acute hepatitis A to C. More than 50 cases of HEV-associated acute pancreatitis are reported from South Asia where HEV genotype 1 prevails. The current study reports the case of an 85-year-old male with autochthonous acute HEV infection, which progressed into acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) and was complicated by severe acute pancreatitis. This case underlines autochthonous HEV infection as a cause of multiple organ failure in patients with pre-existing liver disease and suggests an association with acute pancreatitis. Clinicians should be aware of life-threatening complications of autochthonous HEV infection, especially in patients with cirrhosis.

  • Elham Nazar, Farid Azmoudeh-Ardalan*, Iraj Mobedi, Seyed Habiballah Dashti, Faeze Salahshour, Zahra Ahmadinejad Page 7
    Introduction

    Fasciola hepatica infection is frequently asymptomatic and may be neglected. However, severe conditions may be symptomatic due to stimulatory effects of the liver fluke in the liver.

    Case Presentation

    The present report describes a rare case of fascioliasis accidentally discovered in the explanted liver of a patient with cirrhosis due to chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection.

    Conclusions

    Liver fluke infection may occur in cirrhotic livers. Thus, minute evaluation of liver explants for possible parasitic infestations including F. hepatica is suggested, particularly in endemic areas.

    Keywords: Liver, Fibrosis, Transplantation, Hepatitis B, Fasciola Hepatica