فصلنامه خانواده پژوهی
پیاپی 51 (پاییز 1396)

Because of noticeable role of relationships with in-laws in prediction of marital adjustment and satisfaction in Iran, it is necessary to provide an instrument based on Family Triad Systemic Model (FTSM) to assess the relationships between couple and two original families. The objective of present study was providing the instrument and checking the psychometric properties of it. An item pool (107 items) was created by using other related tools, interviews by experts and married people. Then 425 participants selected through accessible sampling method conducted the questionnaire. By Principal Component Analysis and Varimax rotation three factors (we-ness, boundaries, joining in-laws) were extracted supporting the FTSM. Three factor model could explain 47.27% of total variance. Face validity of instrument was examined by eight experts. The Intraclass Correlation Coefficients for we-ness, boundaries and joining the in-laws were: 0.84, 0.81, 0.86 (p

This research aimed to compare marital satisfaction in different groups of women according to premarital relationships. The sample of this subsequent and comparative study includes 197 women who have been married for 2 to 5 years. According to the findings of this research, there was a significant difference in marital satisfaction (which were gained via ENRICH Marital Satisfaction Scale) between groups, in a way that satisfaction was from highest to lowest in the following order: non-sexual relationship with future husband, non-sexual relationship with different person, without premarital relationship, sexual relationship with future husband, and sexual relationship with different person. Also, in all subscales of marital satisfaction (including personal issues, marital communication, conflict resolution, financial management, leisure activities, sex, marriage and children, family and friends, and religious orientation) the group with non-sexual relationship with future husband recorded higher marks. Analysis showed that having non-sexual relationship with future husband companies with more marital satisfaction. On the other side, having sexual relationship with husband or a different person was associated with lower marital satisfaction.

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of males’ bipolar disorder type II on marital relationship from their wives’ perspective. This study was conducted with a qualitative research approach and thematic analysis. Data were collected through unstructured interviews with a purposive sampling of a husband with bipolar disorder and his wife and continued until data saturation (10 couples). Data analysis and comparison was performed continuously and synchronized with data collection and sampling. During the data analysis process, there were four main themes (escape balance, irritability, insecurity and management weakness). These themes show the effects of bipolar disorder on marital relationships. According to the results, the effects of bipolar disorder on marital relationships lead to crisis and serious harm in the family. Therefore, the knowledge of the effects of bipolar disorder with the theories expressed from the experiences of the spouse can be used in the treatment, care, counseling and education programs for the patient and family by specialists in the field of health, treatment, family, nursing, as well as by counselors and psychologists.

Women are, due to their physical, psychological and social nature, most exposed to crime and are thus fragile against criminals. Moreover, they may be forced by their husbands and in the context of marriage to unusual sexual intercourses in environments such as home. Couples are free in having sexual intercourse, but his freedom should not be detrimental to one another. For this reason, the differential criminal protection of women through special criminalization of some behaviors is one of the ways to support women and reduce the likelihood of the commitment of crimes against them. Under the Iranian penal law, this practice has not been criminalized, while it seems that principles of Islamic jurisprudence and criminal law can help to criminalize it. This behavior along with moral values and social norms lead to persecution and harassment of the wife as well; and since Islam forbids committing the unlawful act and its perpetrator could be punished, therefore it is necessary that this immoral and aberrant behavior considered to be criminal.

Single mothers who head the families face many problems; and multiple roles for women cause negative effects on their health, satisfaction and quality of life in these women. In this study, quality of life and family functioning and the mediating role of resiliency in these families were investigated. All households headed by woman in Tehran were our statistical population. Due to the type of research, the inventory and its subscales, the sample size was determined as 160 individuals who were selected through the available sampling method. Family Assessment Scale, Quality of Life Inventory and Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale were given as a battery of scales. Results showed that there is a significant positive relationship between resiliency with physical health, mental health, environmental health and social relations. There was a significant negative correlation between aspects of quality of life and resiliency with all subscales of the Family Function Device scales. Also mediating role of resiliency in the suggested relationships between general family functioning and physical health, roles with mental health, roles and general functioning with environmental health, and between general functioning and the roles with social relationship were significant. It can be resiliency might be recognized as an effective variable in the relationship between quality of life and family function levels.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of group counseling based on resiliency (GCR) on quality of parent-child relationship and family functioning in mother headed families. The method of the study was quasiexpe-rimental with pretest-posttest and control group. The statistical population included 38 mother headed families who referred to counseling centers in four areas of Kermanshah city’s Imam Khomeini Relief Foundation in 2015 where they had been diagnosed as suffering interpersonal problems based on qualitative interviews and evaluation. The research sample included 16 families (mother and girls) who were randomly selected and placed in the two groups of GCR and control. Girls and their mothers participated in an 11-sessions GCR. The results showed that GCR was effective in increasing quality of parent-child relationship and family functioning. Therefore, this counseling can be applied by experts in order to reducing pathology of mother headed families.

Parenting styles play a major role in determining the life styles of adolescents and that is why they share a special significance. The present study was done with the aim to investigate adolescents’ perceived parenting styles based on their gender and age. The study was conducted by a post-event method and with a sample size of 623 subjects (311 female and 312 male), who were selected by the multistage sampling method. Data were analyzed, after being collected by the Baumrind Parenting Styles Questionnaire, using multivariate analysis of variance. The results indicated that the main effects of gender and age are significant at 0.01 level. Parents’ interaction with boys is more authoritarian and with girls more authoritative; also compared with adolescents less than 17 years, they interact with adolescents 17 years old more permissively. The interaction effects of gender and age were significant at 0.05 level only in the permissive parenting style. This means that unlike the girls, parents use more and more the permissive parenting style along with increasing age of adolescent teenage boys. It was concluded that the interaction patterns of parents with children are not fixed and these patterns vary according to gender and age of the children.

The present study was to evaluate the effects of eye movement desensitization and cognitive reprocessing intervention (EMDR) on improving the quality of life and reducing the guilt feelings in parents of children with low-functioning autism. The research was set up in an experimental pretest-posttest design with a control group and follow up. As sample of study, 16 pairs of parents (mother and father) of children with low-functioning autism who had referred to autism rehabilitation centers, were departed randomly to two experimental (8 couples) and control (8 couples) groups. The World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHO-QOL) and the Guilt Questionnaire (Kugler and Jones, 1998) were used for data collection. The EMDR intervention program was implemented in 10 two-hour sessions during one month for the experimental group. After 45 days, the follow-up test was conducted on the experimental group. Data were gathered and analyzed using a mixed-design analysis of variance model. The results showed a statistically signifycant (P = 0/5) effectiveness of the EMDR intervention in improving the quality of life and reducing the guilt feelings of parents of children with low- functioning autism.