نشریه مطالعات زبان فارسی
پیاپی 2 (پاییز و زمستان 1397)

Ancient Patterns of Women and Her Relations in Different Periods of Iran, one of the topics that always engages the minds of researchers. As is the case with studies, the position of women in ancient Iran has not always been in the same shape and in some ages his position has been raised to the level of the gods. This comes back to the era, when the masters of the land dominated the land and, as a result of their gods, they were also powerful important goddesses. - This era is a very ancient era, and it is only by exploiting archaeological studies that its dimensions can be understood -. In the meanwhile, one cannot overlook the influence of the woman in the life of agriculture as well as the birth of her and parenting and generation, but in later periods, with the discovery of iron, patriarchal rule dominates Iran, and women's power is very limited. Even life-based hunting is also preferred to land tenure and agriculture. In the meantime, one cannot overlook the influence of Aryan religions, including Zoroastrianism, on women's power, because in these ancient religions there is no positive opinion of the woman as it was before.

Generally, in Persian literature and poems, specifically in Hazin Lahiji’s poems,the link to ethics is unbreakable. Ethics and ethical themes are involved in human life. Thus, due to the richness of Persian poems in terms of ethical themes, studying them is highly important. Hazin Lahiji is one of the greatest Persian poets who has significantly benefited from ethical themes in his poems. His poems are rich and filled with ethical themes. Therefore, studying his poems ought to be highly regarded. In this study, a discourse analysis approach along with library resources has been utilized to focus on Hazin lahiji’s perspective towards the ethical inferiority and superiority as well as to express his views. The results of this study show that although ethical superiority is more emphasized, ethical inferiority is to be blamed and punished and it has noticeably engaged the poet’s mind.

Appositon has special usage among Arabic and Farisy-Dari. The principle of obstacle in learning is the weak point of learners to recognize the concept and mixed the discussion with other discussions. “Appositon” in Persian books is part of discussion that usually students have mistaken on its usage and they mingled it with the adjective and added. This article will follow the easy way of learning and identifying it. In above language “Appositon” is made from different combinations- “Appositon” in Arabic is made from two parts “Mabadal Mena” and “Appositon”l in unknown “Mabadal Mena” and unclearness “Appositon”, without anything between two parts are similar.But in Farsi-Dari there is a difference between “Mabadal Mena” and “Appositon” and in Arabic these two part are similar, it means “Mabadal Mena” is the principle movement and “Appositon” is the natural movement. But in Farsi these two are arallel. Also in group “Appositon” in Farsi at lest these two parts are “Marafa” whatever in Arabic compound language these two parts are not “Marafa”. Research Method In this research the library has been used.

Literature is not coherent entirely, including verse and prose, but some of them are at supreme while others are at medium and weak rank. This matter has caused critical professors to criticize its validity and invalidity. Literary criticism is setting to values of literary works, its good and bad exposed to its readers’ view. Considering this remark, it can be understood that a literary work especially poetry is that a critic to evaluate its phrases and content by deep and exact attitude. In structural criticism, the components of a poem should not be investigated one-dimentionally, but it should be analyzed in phonetic, lexical and syntactic categories. In phonetic study, especial attention should be given to the structure of rhythm, rhyme, line, the tone of speech and the meaning of poem. Regarding the description, the study of poetry structure is not possible except that be performed in the light of immaginary images. The poetry of Kaiser Aminpour, suffered poet of post-revolution takes steps in the same vein. Properties of Aminpour’s poetry are love and praise, beautiful imagery, protest religion, being depressed, repeating and playing with words, utilizing allusions, escaping from lexical and syntactic norms, inadequacy of rhythm and tone, redundancy, cheap and loose poetry, childish literature, research on other poets, making use of slang lexicon, and utilization of poetic taxonomy including simile, metaphor, synonymy, paradox, hyperbole, symmetry, phonetic structure, new compounds, contradiction, allegory and so on.

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He played a major role in developing Persian. In Persian literature attar of the most outstanding The piety and mysticism that is in all his supreme court of the wave of piety. This article is until after the Pointing to a modest environmental letters of the two causes poet tendency to piety and the amount of influence and their probable The examined funds and God. "and the difference between the concepts and issues heralds the two Poet and also chairman of the Islamic thought and style and style of the two would signify the comparative study. Influence Islamic culture in particular the Koran and Hadith both in content and you AghGhala white forms the two prominent poet Maya It is. Poetry private brothel contained within the substance of a certain that the Persian poetry piety cumulative effect. These themes are essentially religious, are mainly to the death and cruelty and fickleness and suffering of the individual and social And the world are seeking.

After the appearance of Islam, new words along with grand meanings, jurisprudent terms, philosophy, Hadith and stories, theology, etc, entered the vastness of literature. In the meantime, poets with analytical minds and scientific- literary talent used jurisprudent terms softly and tenderly in their poems. Sa’di being already familiar with these sciences in Al- Nizamiyya of Baghdad, could benefit from jurisprudent terms in his poems. The most legal- jurisprudent terms he used were such as: damage, trust, trade, sham, repentance, limit, Diya (blood money), Haram and halal (dos and don’ts), witness, complainer.
Among Sa’di’s poems, Golestan is considered as educational and advisory. Sa’di has used summaries and rhythmic texts in which all heroes are humans and each story is a combination of “human and the situation”. Evidently in Golestan, highly distinctive human characteristics such as justice and fairness that are also emphasized in holy Quran and the Islamic law, are tested. This study reveals the effects of jurisprudent view of Sa’di considering justice in Golestan writings. The results show that not only the effects are noticeably significant, but also, the use of justice in Golestan in three levels of lexical, conceptual as well as natural, is present.