مجله دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهرکرد
سال هفدهم شماره 5 (پیاپی 80، آذر و دی 1394)

Suicide in students is one of the most unfortunate events. Suicidal thoughts as self-reported thoughts are identified from a range of a vague willing for men to a total Map of suicide. One of the main methods of suicide prevention is to identify people who have thoughts of suicide One of the most important ways to prevent suicide is to identify individuals who have suicidal thoughts. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence rate of suicidal thoughts and its related factors among the students of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences، 2014-2015. In this cross- sectional study، 1000 students from Isfahan University of Medical Sciences were selected stratified randomly. The prevalence of suicidal thoughts and its related factors among the students were determined using Inter-cultural and SF36 questionnaires. Data were analyzed using K2 and independent t- test and logistic regression. The lifetime، annual، and point prevalence of suicidal ideation among college students was 29. 7%، 15% and 6. 2%، respectively. A significant relationship was observed between age، gender، marital status، residential area، level of religious obligations، public health، attitudes toward suicide، justification of suicidal thoughts، and having suicidal thoughts (P<0. 05). Suicidal thoughts among men and single students were more than these thoughts in women and marital students. This study indicated a high prevalence rate of suicidal thoughts among the university students. Regarding to suicide thoughts can produce a background for suicide procedures، so، it could prevent by representing optimal services of mental health and regular periodical screening about these thoughts and mental disorders to reduce this social problem among students.

Many studies have performed to find new drugs with activities against Leishmania including chemical and herbal drugs. The aim of this study was to investigate the cytotoxic effects of essential oils of Artemisia Sieberi and Pelargonium roseum against L. major promastigotes compared with Glucantime. In this experimental study, concentrations of 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, 1.2, 1.4, 1.6, and 2 percent of both essences and concentration of 33.8 percent of Glucantime were added to the culture medium included 106 of L. major. The number of viable parasites after adding oils and Glucantime drug at 24, 48 and 72 hours was counted. Each test was repeated four times to ensure repeatability. Data were analyzed using SAS software and Tukey test. The number of viable parasites after adding the herbal essences significantly decreased in comparison with culture medium included Glucantime (P≤0.05). 72 hours after exposure with glucantime and herbal essences to parasite, the number of parasites decreased from 1.3×106 parasite per ml in control group to 6.06× 105 parasite per ml in treated group with glucantime and 1.6×105 and 1.7×105 in groups treated with essences of Pelargonium and Artemisia, respectively. Because of phylogenetic similarity between promastigot and amastigot forms of leishmania, effect of Artemisia sieberi and Pelargonium roseum oils on the amastigot of parasite is possible and use of such oils for treatment and control of amastigot form of parasite is suggested. More study is needed to verify and use this biomedical agent as an alternative potential instead of chemicals. The results of this study showed that despite the increasing resistance of promastigotes of Leishmania to chemical drugs, essential oils of plant origin can be used as an alternative therapy for the treatment of CL and the essential oils have potential effect to inhibit the proliferation of Leishmania parasites.

The extensive applications of nanomaterials in industry, medicine and consuming products have increased concerns about their potential toxicity. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of copper oxide (CuO) nanopaticles on embryonic development of pregnant mice (NMRI). In this experimental study, 42 female NMRI mice were randomly divided into 6 groups and seven in each group. Four experimental groups on gestation days (GDs) 3 and 12 received CuO nanoparticle at concentrations of 300, 400, 500, 600 mg/kg intraperitoneal injection. Sham group received deionized water as CuO nanoparticle solvent and control group received no CuO nanoparticles. Mice were dissected on GD17 and embryos were separated from the uterine tissue. Histopathological studies were carried out using hematoxilin-eosin staining and light microscopy. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and Duncan test with SPSS16 software at significant level of P<0.05. Findings of the present study showed that CuO nanopaticles at concentration of 600 mg/kg affect on organogenesis, complement of neural structure, liver lobulation and delay in fetal growth. Also, the average number of somites at concentrations of 400, 500 and 600 mg/kg reduced significantly compared to the control group (P<0.05). Damages caused by CuO nanoparticles may potentially lead to the deformity or developmental retardation of the fetus in pregnant mice.

The sea cucumbers were considered as an important component of aquatic ecosystems in more marine ecosystems. Melanoma as the most dangerous form of skin cancer, has long been influenced the human health. In the present study was examined the cytotoxic effect of sea cucumber body wall extract, species of Holothuria arenicola on melanoma cancer cells. In this in vitro experimental study, melanoma cancer cells were cultured in %10 RPMI 1640(Roswell Park Memorial Institute) medium and incubated at 37˚C with %5 CO2. After 24 h, the cells were treated by sea cucumber extract with different concentrations (15, 31, 62, 125, 250, 500 μg/ml). The cytotoxic effect of sea cucumber body wall extract were examined by using MTT assay, Acridine Orange/ Propodium Iodide, DAPI staining, flow cytometry and caspase 3, 9 assay on melanoma cancer cells and the results were analyzed by SPSS software, one way ANOVA and Duncan test. Sea cucumber body wall extract were induced cytotoxic effect through apoptosis induction on B16F10 melanoma cancer cells after 24 h treatment with IC50= 34 µg/ml. This extract were exerted more toxicity in concentration of 62 µg/ml as a result around 80% of the cells were apoptotic. Our findings indicated that the sea cucumber body wall extract with cytotoxic and pro apoptosis activity in B16F10cell line can be a good candidate for anti-cancer researches.

Patient's satisfaction is an important indicator to evaluate and measure the efficiency and quality of services provided to people in the health care system and treatment is one of the main priorities in the Ministry of Health. So, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of automated telephone system on the client satisfaction of Imam Ali polyclinic. This analytic cross- sectional study was conducted in Shahrekord Imam Ali specialty and subspecialty polyclinic in 2013. The standard satisfaction questionnaire was completed with participation of 700 patients. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics with using SPSS 16. The mean score of patient's satisfaction in 2012 was 22.5±5.7 and in 2013 was 23.7 ± 6.3, whereas differences in 2 years indicate statistically significant in satisfaction of clients (P=0.002). Turning system indicators, the turning process, waiting room, clinic cleanliness, guards behaviors, acceptance and secretary behaviors, physician visit, privacy respecting and choice of clinic for a follow up visit, explained 78% of the total patient's satisfaction. Modification of processes of admitting such as turning is caused to increase patients’ satisfaction. So, regular and periodic evaluation of patient's satisfaction and providing operational programs to reduce their unsatisfaction can lead to improving the quality of health services.

Carbamazepine is one of the most effective medicines in treating ‎epilepsy; its use is associated with teratogenic effects during embryonic period. The aim of this ‎study was to evaluate the effect of carbamazepine during gonad development in female rats. In this experimental study, 60 female pregnant rats were divided into 2 classes (n=8). ‎Each class contains control, sham and treated rats with doses 10, 15, 30 mg/kg of ‎carbamazepine. All i.p injections were done during 14 - 18 GD (for fetal gonad development) ‎and days 0-10 after birth (for newborn gonad development). The newborns were allowed to ‎reach 7 weeks old. The right ovary was removed and histological staining (H & E) was ‎performed. Data comparison was done by one and two ANOVA followed by Tukey test. The results showed that carbamazepine causes decreasing in the number of primary ‎oocyte but increasing the number of secondary oocyte, graffian follicles and corpus luteum. In ‎comparison to the fetal and newborn treated rats, it showed that the number of primary oocyte ‎in fetal treated group with 30 mg/kg of carbamazepine has a significant increase (p<0.001). The ‎number of secondary oocyte in all fetal treated groups showed significant decrease in ‎comparison to the other group. Also it showed that the number of graffian follicles and corpus ‎luteum in fetal treated groups has a significant decrease in comparison to the newborn treated ‎rats (p<0.001). This study showed that carbamazepine during organogenesis can negative effects ‎on female sex glands. So it seems that gonads are very sensitive to carbamazepine and its ‎sensitivity is dose- dependent. ‎

Recently, it has been paid attention to silver nanoparticles (SNPs), but less attention has been to their toxicity. This study was aimed to investigate acute effects of oral silver nanoparticles (SNPs) on biochemical parameters of kidney (Creatinine and BUN) and blood electrolytes in laboratory male mice (Mus musculus). In this experimental study, A group 45 BALB/c mice about 4 weeks (weighting 24.2±3.0 g) were randomly divided into three groups: 2 nanosilver (SNPs) treatments (1,2) and one control group, each with 15 mice. Once a day at the same time, a volume of 50 microliters from the nanosilver solution (20 and 50 ppm) was administered to the treatment groups while in the untreated (control) group only distilled water was used. Then, on 2, 7, and 14 day, blood sampling was done using cardiac puncture. Serum level of creatinine, BUN, sodium and potassium were measured in the control and treatments (20ppm-treated group and 50ppm-treated group). Data were analyzed using SPSS software and two way ANOVA test at significant level of P<0.05. On day 2 of the experiment, average level of creatinine of 20ppm-treated group was significantly higher than to the control group (P>0.05), but levels of blood urea nitrogen in both 20- and 50ppm-treated groups compared to the control were not significant(P>0.05). In addition, average sodium level of 20ppm-treated group showed a significant increase in relation to the control group on day 14 (P<0.05). Average potassium level of 50ppm-treated group showed a significant decrease in relation to the control group on day 2 (P<0.05). Moreover, average potassium level in 20ppm-treated group on day 7 and in both 20- and 50ppm-treated groups on day 14 decreased significantly(P<0.05). This study showed that orally-administered SNPs may have negative effects on the biochemical parameters of kidney and blood electrolytes. They should be applied cautiously.

Thermal oxidation is essential decomposition process oil in which hydroperoxide is produced. Free radicals are formed by the decomposition of hydro peroxides that have cytotoxic and genotoxic nature. Peroxide value is an index by which to determine the extent of the oxidation of fats and oils and their health is determined. The aim of this study is to determine peroxide value and visual color of Zoolbia and Bamieh oils in the holy month of Ramadan. this investigation is a cross-sectional study. In this study, total 222 the oil samples were collected randomly which were used for the production Zoolbia and Bamieh by environment health inspectors of healthcare networks from small manufacturing units across of Chahar Mahal and Bakhtiari province during holy month of Ramadan in 2014. These samples were sent for healthy control to food and beverage libratory of Shahrekourd University of medical sciences. The experiment was performed according to Iodometery method. In this study oil color samples was checked apparently. This study showed that peroxide value of 64.9% (144 of 223) of the oil samples tested was higher than national standard maximum limit of edible oils (2 mEq per kg). The average peroxide value these oil samples was 2.94 mEq per kg. In total the color of 36.9% (82 of 222) of oil samples were dark to black. The above results show that more than two- third of Zoolbia and Bamieh oils are not safe and those threaten the health of consumers. Therefore, training and inspection to food handling are essential.

Most people with lateral ankle sprain dont recover completely and imbalance is one of the most common problems that occur in the affected persons. Since Athletic Kinesio Taping was introduced as a new therapeutic approach and used in sport medicine, the objective of this study was to determine effectiveness of Kinesio Taping on dynamic balance in athletes with acute sprain and chronic ankles instable. In this quasi-experimental study 26 men athletes (14 case with chronic instability; age 21/4±2/1, BMI 22/3±3/1 & 12 case with acute sprain; age 20/7±2/3, BMI 22/4±2/7) in normal conditions were evaluated with Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT) in two positions untapped & taped with mechanical-functional correction Kinesio Taping method. For data analysis T test was used on a significant level of (P≤0.05). Quantities Difference between pre – post test were significant in both groups and ankle Kinesio Taping has been effecting on dynamic balance also differences are more in group with acute injury (P≤0.05). Mechanical-functional crrection Kinesio Taping method improve dynamic balance in athletes with acute sprain and chronic ankles instable immediately & Kinesio Taping had shown better result in balance of acute sprain group. Key words: Athletic Tape, Ankles Instability, Postural Balance.

the regret of vasectomy addition to costs for re-opening on vases also affect relations between couples. Regret of vasectomy may affect the willingness of other people regarding doing this operation. The aim of this study is to understand the causes of regret rate of vasectomy and to help the health planners to improve this situation. This cross sectional study conducted on 157 samples of vasectomized men who referred to this center from 1379 to 1389 in the city of Shahr-e Kord and was done vasectomy surgery with average duration of five years from their vasectomy.The total numbers of samples were 157 and multi-stage sampling (Cluster and simple random) was done. Referring to medical records, samples are randomly chosen. By visiting persons at home or asked them to refer to the clinic, a questionnaire was completed (Two sections of the questionnaire consist of demographic data and information about vasectomy). After collecting data using descriptive and analytical method, information was analyzed by spss16 software. Most people had done vasectomy before 40 years old and after family completion, because of sufficient children. Most of the men and their wives had counseling with each other and health professional before vasectomy. Most of persons vasectomized were employees and their wives were without job. The cause of regression in 15.9% of persons was complications. The job of most regretted people were self-employed. In cases who health staffs were the main incentives were the most satisfied with the vasectomy. The comparison of long-term complications in both happy and regretful group significant difference was found. This study revealed that vasectomy is an effective and successful in preventing pregnancy. Based on the results, complications is the main cause of regression because people are not consulted after the vasectomy. Most regretted people have low education and are self-employed. Satisfaction in men after vasectomy is associated with the medical team consultation. The consultation is needed with good quality and skilled health care personals to continue after vasectomy.

Nosocomial infections are cause of morbidity and mortality in hospitals in addition to longing and financial costs of treatment resulted in health problems. The use of antibacterial substance produced by some probiotic bacteria could inhibit the growth of other bacteria are in attention these days. The aim of this study was evaluation of antimicrobial activity of Lactobacillus plantarum and ruteri against Acinetobacter baumannii causing nosocomial infections. Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from hospital patients were identified according to conventional method. The inhibitory activity of two lactobacillius plantarum and ruteri against Acinetobacter baumannii were determined by using supernatant of 72 hour culture of lactobacilli in two form of active and passive according well diffusion method. Lactobacillus plantarum and ruteri were sensitive to vancomycin, imipenem, ciproflaxin and ceftazidime and resistance to piperacillin, colistin and cotrimoxazol.The anti-bacterial properties supernatant cultural lactobacillus plantarum and ruteri that were inactive in the absence of hydrogen peroxide, natural in pH changes, and have more antibacterial activity compare to solution of non-active. The results of this study showed that lactobacillius plantarum and ruteri were resistant to most tested anibiotics.The culture supernatant lactobacilli had significant activity against strains of hospital pathogens under conditions of acid and hydrogen peroxide solution.

Reduction in blood circulation results in pathological alterations in testicular physiologic function and spermatogenesis. Moreover, free iron ions from RBC lyses and consequently enhancement of iron ions in testicles leads to oxidative stress and affects the functions of reproductive system. In this experimental study, Thirty two mature mice weighting 20-25gr were assigned into 4 groups including control received saline normal (0.2mL, IP), control-sham received phenylhydrazine (PHZ) (6 mg/100g, IP), PHZ+vitamin(Vit) C (250mg/kg, IP)+royal jelly(RJ) (100mg/kg, orally) and group that received RJ+VitC. Following 35 days, the blood samples were obtained from hearth and the serum levels of total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were evaluated. The sperm parameters including; count, motility, viability, chromatin condensation and DNA damage were assessed as well. Observations demonstrated a significant reduction in TAC level in PHZ gruop, which was remarkably up-regulated by administrating antioxidants. Moreover, the PHZ increased the serum level of MDA. Meanwhile, it was diminished in antioxidants-administrated animals. Finally, co-administrating the Vitamin C and royal jelly resulted in remarkable (P<0.05) enhancement in sperm parameters. In conclusion, our data showed that PHZ by inducing oxidative stress impacted the sperm parameters and co-administrating of Vitamin C and royal jelly significantly up-regulated the serum TAC level and promoted the sperm parameters.