نشریه میراث و گردشگری
پیاپی 3 (پاییز 1395)

Tourism as a necessity and part of the rights of human societies¡ It seems that the share of tourism spending associated with social class and saw a different pattern than the cost of travel and tourism between the various classes of society. Therefore¡ in this study we sought to evaluate the pattern of change in the social classes affected by factors such as inflation¡ targeted subsidies¡ etc. over a period of 23 years (93-70) are So that the importance of tourism and its contribution to the budget of households pay the social classes. Statistical analysis indicates that Targeted subsidies and inflation have a negative impact on tourism demand and As well as reducing the share of the costs associated with it (relative to the total household expenditure) in the lower middle classes and has This is while the upper floors were not very impressed by these developments and have a roughly constant demand Which represents the major share in the consumption basket of the table. We''ve also found that the investigation into this issue Recreation and Cultural Affairs has a special place in tourism spending households.

Climatic characteristics such as snow¡ ice and ... attract or repel tourists are tailored to seasonal conditions. Sustainability of the natural environment is sustainable tourism. One of the changes is climate change due to changes in the natural environment. In this study¡ long-term planning for winter tourism¡ winter snowfall in the city of Hamedan and process changes that¡ over the period 1986 to 2015 were analyzed. Understanding the general circulation models with past data and forecasts for the next ten years and statistics model such as Mann-Kendall method of down-scale model was Lars. And it became clear in the last thirty years have significantly reduced the amount of snow up to 33 centimeters process based on output data LARS in the next ten years (2025-2016) loss (27 cm) is more. Also¡ winter temperatures in the past thirty years¡ 2-3.5 degrees Celsius increase over the coming decade process is increased to 0.7 degrees Celsius will continue. As the cold months in altitudes above 2730 not temperatures above zero degrees and melting temperature. Alvand mountain elevation as a moderating factor in melting snow and warming winter can used seasonal tourism planning. Winter tourism in the city of Hamadan attractions will be affected by climate change phenomenon. As a result of seasonal tourism planning must consider these changes is a step towards sustainable development.

The tourism industry in the present century is recognized as one of the most thriving industries and the driving force of the world economy development. This emerging industry has been managed to attract the attention of many stakeholders from other industries by influencing other industries. Sport Tourism is also considered as a part of tourism that is created as a combination of sport and tourism¡ and is growing at a rapid rate and becoming a major and independent industry The aim of this study sport tourism in the province using the hybrid model is the SWOT-ANP The purpose of this research is applied and is cross-sectional in nature. A questionnaire was used to collect data from a total of 57 tourism experts has been sampling The results of this study show good geographical location in the natural gravitational strengths of the province''s sports infrastructure deficit Sport and date it and the lack of cooperation and coordination between different agencies weaknesses Employment growth in various sectors and its close relationship with the neighboring province of opportunities and a gradual loss Natural Resources and faster depreciation of sports infrastructure and sports tourism province is the main threat Finally¡ results of surveys priority strategies using AHP model show the first priority of defensive strategies¡ competitive strategies in the second priority¡ third priority diversification strategies and strategies for priority review of the final (fourth) is located.

Nomadic is the oldest method of human life which its stability is the biggest attraction of this model of life until now. attraction of nomads living in country could have a lot of attractions for domestic and foreign tourists and to help tourism industryºbut these days change in attitude of nomadic life¡ lack of economic opportunity¡ cultural and environmental problems¡ loss of social links and nomadic problems¡ and in the other hand growth and development of the country ¡make the condition more difficult for nomads and discourage them to continue this model of life. Nomadic tourism development offer the opportunity for handling the problems of nomadic communities. For this reason¡ present research conducted to investigate the potentials of cultural tourism entrepreneur of Ghashghayi nomads¡ society of Iran; which identify potential entrepreneur of Gashghayi nomads tourism¡ provide grounds for utilization this potential for jab creation¡ more income and finally opportunity to revival the customs¡ and improve the lives of nomads by nomadic tourism. This research was done with quantitative method¡ interview and observation tools. The population in interview were nomads tourism entrepreneurs and nomadic elites; which interviewed with 11persons with snowball method. In observation phase¡ two tribes of Gashghayi nomads were observed directly. Finally the findings of analysis show that all of the elements of nomadic life are potentials for tourism entrepreneurs. Also base on the findings of interview¡ nomadic tourism cause job creation¡ increase income¡ wear revival¡ traditional manufacturing skills; but observations show that nomadic tourism¡ unexpectedly not cause job creation¡ more income¡ increase sale of dairy products¡ medicinal plants and sale crafts to tourists¡ and finally stop the speculators. Also nomadic tourism don''t have enough effect on indigenous products¡ increase the level of education and empower indigenous community.

Although the general rules of civil rights¡ it is believed that property¡ the principle of the inviolable and inalienable rights¡ Therefore¡ according to different directions¡ restrictions on imports and sometimes¡ this principle is generally deny the fact that the legislator. The rules and principles of cultural heritage¡ is one of the causes restrictions¡ and stripping of property. This study seeks to Using a library and a descriptive analysis and rational argument citing sources not answer the question that Restriction and expropriation¡ in terms of the legal and jurisprudence in the field of cultural heritage and how it is? The results suggest that ownership restrictions - ie create some restrictions for the owner to use the property without leaving the status of private property. Based on jurisprudence and legislation¡ As 44th Principle of Iranian constitution¡ Basic rights in order to favor economic growth and development on private property¡ acknowledged concerning and emphasized. Which in some circumstances can be made restriction of some property¡ including cultural heritage is placed in this application.  

Urban tourism is one of the spatial patterns of tourism. Urban areas due to the historical and cultural attractions are often considered to be an important tourist destination. This study was conducted aimed at identifying the strengths¡ weaknesses¡ opportunities and threats city of Kerman. The results show that tourist attractions in Kerman an important role in the development of tourism in this city. But tourism infrastructure in the city of Kerman in terms of quality and quantity of the utility is not necessary and made not responsive to the needs tourists. They also analyzed using SWOT¡ strengths¡ weaknesses¡ opportunities and threats facing Kerman tourism. The results show that Kerman has the opportunity to develop the tourism industry and the relatively great strengths than weaknesses and external threats. So for the development of this sector should be prioritized invasive strategy (SO).

This study was conducted to determine the areas of tourism development in mountainous regions of Iran and exploitation of tourism potential of Damghan Darvar Valley using strategic analysis (SWOT). The research for the applied purpose and the method of collecting information from the descriptive-analytical survey. Research population in this study consisted of all experts and university professors¡ managers and officials of relevant organizations¡ tourism activists¡ tourists and locals villages in the study area. Results showed that Positions Darvar Damghan Valley in terms of a variety of tourist attractions Determine the acceptable strategies for sustainable tourism development in the village. The strategies in the planning carried out by the authorities¡ are called conservative strategies. Therefore it is recommended to be used after using a conservative strategy of aggressive strategies. For this reason¡ tourism development strategies in the Darvar Damghan valley¡ WO strategy first¡ then the strategies S matrix strengths¡ weaknesses¡ opportunities and threats is selected.

In today''s world tourism is one of the most important sectors in the economy in terms of employment and income can provide the development and introduction of economic¡ social and environmental issues. Although there are some concerns¡ investment in this area is faced with uncertainties and challenges. However¡ natural attractions¡ heritage and civilization¡ as well as the geographical different climates valuable sources that can bring fundamental changes in various areas. Hence¡ the present paper attempts to economic¡ social and environmental tourism Farsiyan Village of Golestan province as a tourist village with notable position are examined. The population of the research includes 2058 of which 115 villagers have been selected for sampling. The findings suggest that tourism in the village¡ on economic grounds in order to increase prices of land and housing¡ reducing the future employment with have the most impact and in the social dimension in terms of improving the interaction and participation of villagers¡ attracted Guest peak spring and summer and the expansion of external relations with neighboring villages and rural areas in the environmental dimension in terms of preventing the spread of infection in the region had the greatest impact.